辽宁省东港市高考英语一轮复习 语法填空和阅理练习2.doc

辽宁东港市2017高考英语语法填空和阅理一轮练习阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。(2015开封市二模)humans like to live and work in groups.language is the “cement”(胶合剂)_1_ holds these groups together.language is part of culture.culture, in this sense，_2_(mean) all those customs, skills, and attitudes that are part of the behavior of a _3_(particularly)group.what you think _4_ what you want in life are all affected by the culture of the group in which you _5_(raise)groups of people live in different ways.they may have different skills, organizations, and art forms.their family life may be completely different from yours.human beings are inventive animals.they can decide to change their cultures in order to meet various _6_(situation)of all living things, human beings are the _7_(clever)they can choose _8_(live) in many environments and in a wide variety of ways.only human beings can choose where and how they want to live and then improve the physical environment to help _9_(they)realize these choices.acquiring the wisdom to make wise choices _10_(be)the lasting challenge of being human.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._文章大意：本文是一说明文。作者主要说明人需要与人合作的原因和好处。1命题立意：考查定语从句。答案：that/which空后的从句中缺少主语，空前是表示物的名词，故填that/which。2命题立意：考查动词。答案：means根据语境应用一般现在时，主语是culture，应用谓语动词的单数第三人称形式。故填means。3命题立意：考查形容词。答案：particular空后是名词，空前是冠词，应用形容词。故填particular。4命题立意：考查连词用法。答案：and根据前后句的关系判断填and。5命题立意：考查时态和语态。答案：are raised根据语境应用一般现在时，you是raise的动作承受者，raise“养育”。故填are raised。6命题立意：考查名词。答案：situations根据空前的various“各种各样的”，应用名词复数形式。故填situations。7命题立意：考查形容词用法。答案：cleverest/most clever根据空前的of短语，表示范围，应用形容词的最高级。故填cleverest/most clever。8命题立意：考查非谓语动词。答案：to livechoose“选择”，后跟不定式，可知填to live。9命题立意：考查代词用法。答案：themselves根据前文的主语they判断填反身代词themselves。 10命题立意：考查主谓一致。 答案：is该句的主语是acquiring短语，谓语动词用单数第三人称，故填is。语法填空。the air we breathe is freely available, without which we could not survive more than a few minutes.for the most part, air is available to everyone, and everyone _1_ (need) it.some people use the air to sustain them while _2_(seat) around and feel sorry for themselves._3_ breathe in the air and use the energy it provides to make_4_ magnificent life.opportunity is_5_ the same way; it is everywhere.it is_6_freely available that we take it for granted.yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success, it must_7_ (seize) and acted upon in order to have value.so many people are so anxious to “get in” on a “ground floor opportunity”， as if the opportunity will do all the work thats _8_(possible)just as you need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed.it takes more than just breathing in the fresh air of opportunity, _9_.you must make use of it.thats not up to the opportunity, thats up to you.it doesnt matter what “floor” the opportunity is on, but _10_ matters is what you do with it.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._【解析】1needs考查主谓一致，由全文时态可知用一般现在时， everyone后用第三人称单数。2seated过去分词作伴随状语， 相当于“while they are seated”。3others句型：some.others.4a表示“一种奇妙的生活”，是泛指，故用不定冠词a。5inin the way是固定搭配。6so句型：so.that.7be seized依据上下文的理解， 可知句意表示“有机遇必须抓住， 你才能成功”。8impossible依据上下文和构词法， 此处应为“不可能的”， 故用“impossible”。9however/though插入语， 意为“然而”。10what引导主语从句且在句中作主语，故用what。语法填空two seeds lay side by side in the fertile spring soil.the first seed said, “i want to grow! i want to send my roots deep into the soil _1_ me, and thrust my sprouts (芽) _2_ the earths crust above me.i want to open my tender buds(蓓蕾) like banners to announce the _3_ (arrive) of spring.i want to feel the warmth of the sun on my face and the blessing of the morning dew(露水) on my petals(花瓣)！”and so she grew.the second seed said, “i am afraid.if i send my roots into the ground below, i dont know what i _4_(come) across in the dark.if i push my way throughthe hard soil above me, i may damage my delicate sprouts. what if i let my buds open and a snail (蜗牛) tries _5_(eat) them? and _6_ i were to open my blossoms, _7_ small child may pull me from the ground.no, it is much _8_ (good) for me to wait _9_it is safe.”and so she waited. a yard hen scratching around in the early spring ground for food found the waiting seed and immediately ate _10_.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._【解析】两颗种子的故事，告诉我们惧怕冒险和成长，最终要被生活吞没。1beneath介词，意为“在之下”与下文的above相对。2through介词，意为“穿过”。3arrival在冠词后用名词。4will come对未来的预测，句意为：我不知道在黑暗之中将会遇到什么。5to eat因try表示“试图做某事”，后接不定式。6ifif引导虚拟条件句。7a表示泛指的“某一个”小孩，故用不定冠词a。8better隐性比较级，即“等”比“长”好得多。句中much也提示我们要用比较级，因为much常用来修饰比较级，表示“得多”。9until意为“直到”，引导时间状语从句。10itit指代前文中的the waiting seed。语法填空what would you do if you failed? many people may choose to give up._1_ , the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick _2_ your goal.on your way to success, you _3_ keep your direction.it is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and _4_ (help) you overcome obstacles on your way._5_ , you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead.direction means objectives.you can get nowhere _6_ an objective in life.you can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve _7_.only in this way _8_ you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time _9_(proper)and you should also have a belief _10_ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.1_2._3._4._5_6._7._8._9_10._【解析】本文告诉我们，要想成功，最可靠的方法就是坚持你的方向和目标。1however与前句是转折关系，空格前后都有标点， 用副词however。2tostick to意为“坚持”。3must由语境不难揣摸出作者的语气，句意为：在通往成功的路上，你必须坚持你的方向。4helping与guiding并列，一起补充说明a lamp，故用现在分词。5otherwise由本句与前句的逻辑关系可知，要填表示“否则”的otherwise。6without句意：人生如果没有目标，你将一事无成。7itit指代your objective。8will/can句意：只有这样，你才会知道9properly修饰动词spend作状语用副词。10that引导同位语从句，从句中不缺句子成分，且意义完整，故填that。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。maggie was very glad that james was not a frequent visitor to the house. so far as the children were concerned, they had a mystery about him that stirred their imagination. he stirred maggies anger, however, so that she often said to her husband, “its mercy that brother of yours doesnt come oftener.” in fact james came once a year, unexpectedly, around eight oclock in the evening, and he stayed for six hours of close discussion with his brother. his arrival was a signal to the children that their bedtime would be delayed. not that he ever spoke to them or played with them. he took no notice of them, as if he was unable to see children, at least until the time came for him to go. instead, after his first greeting and a careless kiss, james took no notice of maggie either, except to add, “youll be getting on with the supper, maggie.” such was his regard for her. maggie paid him back in her own way. she kept the children up, the four of them, to keep her company, she said, but of course they sang and made a noise and broke the endless sound of jamess voice. very late, they dropped off to sleep in their chairs. then, when james was about to go, maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. that gave her some satisfaction, for james, though rich, was mean. he always went home by the last train, just after two oclock. maggies children secretly stared at their uncle. they could not forget that he had, in their mothers words, “lost two wives and taken a third, ” they wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies. they asked each other what their fate had been, and if neither could ever be found again. james never brought his third wife with him nor ever mentioned her. the children decided that he must be so frightened of losing her that he never allowed her outside the door. 1. the underlined word “mercy” in the text most probably means _. a. loss b. wonder c. lucky thing d. terrible thing 2. maggie never prepared anything special for james because _. a. he was a man difficult to please b. she never knew when he was coming c. she was too busy looking after her children d. he never stayed long enough for a meal 3. what do we know about james behavior? a. he was a kind man, with love for the family. b. he was generous, especially towards his brother. c. he was anxious to please the family, especially the kids. d. he was rude to his sister-in-law. 4. maggie felt pleased when _. a. she paid james the money that she owed him b. james gave some money to the children c. she had to wake james up to catch his train d. james thanked her for the nice supper 5. the children did not realize that two of james wives _. a. had been dead b. suffered from loss of memory c. had run away from him d. might appear again one day【答案与解析】本文讲maggie和她的孩子们对他们的叔叔james来访的不欢迎。1. c。词义猜测题。maggie不喜欢james的来访, 由此可以说他不常来是一件幸运的事，所以答案为c。2. b。事实细节题。根据 in fact james came once a year, unexpectedly可知答案为b。3. d。推理判断题。根据 except to add, “youll be getting on with the supper, maggie.” such was his regard for her可知他对maggie的态度不是很友好，故答案为d。4. b。推理判断题。根据 maggie woke them up and so more or less forced him to part with four shillings before he left. that gave her some satisfaction可知答案为b。5. a。推理判断题。根据 they wondered about those two unfortunate lost ladies可知答案为a。 阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。america is growing older. fifty years ago, only 4 out of every 100 people in the united states were 65 or older. today, 10 out of every 100 americans are over 65. the aging of the population will affect american society in many ways education, medicine, and business. quietly, the aging of america has made us a very different society one in which people have a quite different idea of what kind of behavior is suitable at various ages.a persons age no longer tells you anything about his/ her social position, marriage or health. theres no longer a particular year in which one goes to school or goes to work or gets married or starts a family. the social clock that kept us on time and told us when to go to school, get a job, or stop working isnt as strong as it used to be. it doesnt surprise us to hear of a 29-year-old university president or a 35-year-old grandmother, or a 70-year-old man who has become a father for th