重庆市高考英语 阅读理解选编64.doc

重庆市2017高考英语阅读理解选编（64）（2017高考训练）阅读理解。(2016邯郸高三质检)since henry ford turned it into a massmarket product a century ago, the car has delivered many benefits. it has promoted economic growth, increased social mobility and given people a lot of fun. but the car has also brought many problems. it pollutes the air, creates traffic jams and kills people. an astonishing 1.24 million people die, and as many as 50 million are hurt, in road accidents each year.drivers and passengers waste around 90 billion hours in traffic jams each year. in some carchoked cities as much as a third of the petrol used is burned by people looking for a space to park.fortunately, a new technology promises to make motoring safer, less polluting and less tendency to holdups. “connected cars” which may eventually develop into driverless cars but for the foreseeable future will still have a human at the wheel can communicate wirelessly with each other and with traffic management systems, avoid walkers and other vehicles and find open parking spots. some parts of the transformation are already in place. many new cars are already being fitted with equipment that lets them keep their distance and stay in a motorway automatically at a range of speeds. soon, all new cars in europe will have to be able to warn the emergency services if their onboard sensors (传感器) discover a crash. singapore has led the way with using variable tolls (道路通行费) to smooth traffic flows during rush hours; britain is pioneering “smart motorways”， whose speed limits vary constantly to achieve a_similar_effect. these new inventions could create a much more highly effective system in which cars and their drivers are constantly warned of dangers and showed the ways. traffic always flows at the proper speed and vehicles can travel closer together, yet with less risk of crashing. in the past, more people driving meant more roads, more jams, more death and more pollution. in future, the connected car could offer mankind the pleasures of the road with rather less of the pain.1.according to paragraph 2, the problem of parking has resulted in _.a.more time on the roadb.a great waste of fuelc.even heavier traffic jamsd.increased death and injuries2.what does “a similar effect” in paragraph 4 refer to?a.reducing traffic jams.b.building smart motorways.c.setting proper speed limits.d.keeping steady traffic flows.3.what is the authors attitude towards connected cars?a.curious.b.doubtful.c.supportive. d.disappointed.4.which of the following can be the best title of the text?a.the future of cars: wireless wheelsb.the future traffic management systemc.the benefits and problems of carsd.the promising future of car production 1解析：选b细节理解题。根据第二段“in some carchoked cities as much as a third of the petrol used is burned by people looking for a space to park.”可知，在一些拥挤的城市里，寻找停车位所耗费的汽油占汽油使用量的三分之一，说明停车造成大量汽油的浪费，故选b。2解析：选d词义猜测题。根据本段“singapore has led the way with using variable tolls (道路通行费) to smooth traffic flows during rush hours”可知，新加坡通过使用浮动的道路通行费来疏导车流，英国也正在采取措施来取得类似的效果，故选d。3解析：选c观点态度题。根据第四段“these new inventions could create a much more highly effective system”和第五段“in future, the connected car could offer mankind the pleasures of the road with rather less of the pain.”可知，作者认为这种新的发明能创造出一种更有效的交通体制，在带给人们驾车的乐趣的同时，也会减少事故带来的伤痛，说明作者对这项发明是支持的，故选c。4解析：选a标题归纳题。根据第三段“a new technology promises to make motoring safer, less polluting and less tendency to holdups. connected cars which may eventually develop into driverless cars”和第四段“many new cars are already being fitted with equipment that lets them keep their distance”和第五段“in future, the connected car could offer .less of the pain.”可知，文章主要讲的是未来的汽车，而不是未来的交通管理系统。故选a。阅读理解。阅读下列短文, 从给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中, 选出最佳选项。bedford castle: the home of bedfordshire royalty bedfordshire in the south of england had its fair share of royal visits from the early stages of the 10th century onwards and the importance that the county placed on this is evident in the monuments, country houses, churches and any number of other structures that are still present there to this day. bedford castle is one of those structures and, although it is nowhere near its former glory today, it is an essential attraction to visit if you really want to grasp what its heritage means to the county! bedford castle was built initially as a fortress to help protect bedfordshire on the south of the river ouse after the people in the local towns and villages had already been subdued. it was set up in 919 on the orders of king edward the elder, although it was destroyed by a danish invasion years later. this was when it was rebuilt as the castle, of which the ruins exist today! there is a long history behind the castle that involves several kings as a result of the duke of bedford being an ardent(热心的)royalist(保皇主义者). bedford castle repeatedly offered the kings of england refuge against various storms in the form of onslaughts(攻击)from abroad and various domestic threats against them, and this is where much of its fame lies, even though the castle itself is no longer there. there are various tours of the ruins that you can take when you visit though and all of the guides are extremely knowledgeable. they will happily tell you tales of the mound(土丘)and the castle that preceded it. the mound is open to the public all year round and is a proud part of the areas heritage. it is recommended by the majority of people that you visit bedfordshire because it tells you much about why the county is currently how it is. you can view the river from the mound and the surrounding settlements as well as the remains of the castle, and every moment spent there is worth it so enjoy the history and the very nature of the county itself! 【文章大意】本文向大家介绍了英国的一个旅游胜地贝德福德城堡。1. what do we know from the first paragraph? a. the royals pay regular visits to bedfordshire. b. bedfordshire had its fair share of royal visit. c. most of the ancient buildings are in use today. d. bedford castle represents the history of the county. 【解析】选d。主旨大意题。文章第一段主要通过叙述英格兰南部贝德福德郡和皇室的渊源让我们了解它独特的历史, 而代表性建筑贝德福德城堡正是这段历史的见证物, 因此d项反映了本段文字的主旨。2. the kings of england came to bedford castle. a. to seek temporary protectionb. to visit the duke of bedfordc. to enjoy the beauty of natured. to escape from the bad weather【解析】选a。推理判断题。根据第三段可知, 在历史上贝德福德城堡曾多次作为英格兰国王的避难所, 所以可以推断英格兰国王来此城堡多半是“寻求临时庇护”。3. why are visitors recommended to visit bedfordshire? a. it is the major heritage in that region. b. it reflects the history of bedfordshire. c. the ancient castle is well worth visiting. d. the castle is still in good condition. 【解析】选b。细节理解题。根据最后一段it is recommended by the majority of people that you visit bedfordshire because it tells you much about why the county is currently how it is. 一句可知, 游客之所以被建议游览贝德福德城堡, 就是因为它反映了该郡的历史变迁。4. the purpose of writing the text is. a. to introduce bedford castleb. to tell the history of bedfordshirec. to attract tourists to bedfordshired. to show where the kings used to go【解析】选a。推理判断题。结合本文标题和内容可知, 作者写此文的目的主要是向人们介绍贝德福德城堡的有关情况。所以选a。（2016高考训练）阅读下列材料，从每题所给的选项中选出最佳选项。体裁：记叙文话题：日常生活词数：610时间：8i no longer run for the mail the way i used to.i remember, before the email age, the sense of heightened expectation as the hour of mail delivery approached, wondering what slim, handwritten treasures would appear in my box.i once received a letter from a longlost friend and was filled with such joy that i ran the mail carrier down and shook his hand, as if he had done a heroic deed in conveying the letter to me.once a day.six days a week.that was the rhythm.through snow, rain, heat, and darkness of night.i first learned to love the mail as a young boy.the first thing i ever received that was personally addressed to me was from my friend duane.we had been the fastest of 9yearold friends.then he moved away, to massachusetts.the parting was difficult, but boys didnt cry.within the week, however, there was a letter in my mailbox.it was from duane, and it read, “im ok, but i miss you.” that first conveyance to me of a written word from a great distance had all the import of the first morse code message：“what hath god wrought.” it was at that moment that i became a letter writer, quickly discovering that the more letters i wrote, the more i received.i wrote letters through elementary school, high school, college, and beyond.it got to the point where i could comfortably expect to receive a letter a day.the daily mail delivery was, for me, like a beacon (灯塔) at seasomething toward which my thoughts began to move upon waking.what quickened my blood，of course, was the element of surprise: from whom would the letter be today? and what would the news be？and then，seemingly in the blink of an eye, the earth shifted.email had arrived.despite being attracted by the new technology, i promised myself that i would never stop writing letters by hand.however, i had no control over the tendency of others, and slowly, coldly, and then with quickened pace, the letters disappeared from my mailbox, having been replaced with electronic “messages” (a totally different beastin contrast to letters, all emails look alike)and so, like a shipwrecked man filling notes into bottles, tossing them into the waves, and hoping for the best, i continue to write longhand, licking envelopes, sticking stamps, and handing my outgoing mail to the carrier who regards me with a curious eye, as if he is looking at the last member of a species which is dying out.but he must share the pathos(伤感力), for the moment he takes my letter he says, “thanks for your business.”yes, its clear that he feels sorry for me, a man continually spitting into the wind and not learning any lessons from it.but i feel bad for him as well, walk hard through the snow, only rarely bringing me a letter from a friend, and more likely delivering advertising mails or something useless.but it gets sadder than this.some months ago, while thinking about but not expecting the mail, i noticed the lateness of the hour and my stillempty mailbox.by 6 that evening there was still no sign of the carrier.the next morning i called the post office.“oh，” the cheerful voice intoned.“it got dark, so the carrier went home.”so much for the darkness of night.“hell bring your mail this afternoon，” the voice concluded.that wasnt true.when the carrier finally did make his way down my street, i signaled to him, but he shrugged kindly and said, “nothing for you today.”i think that, at some level, i already knew that.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文，作者表达了自己在这个电子邮件时代对传统书信的难以舍弃的情愫。1which of the following statements is true about the author?awhen his friend duane left, they cried for parting.bhe would not write letters again because there are no carriers nowadays.che once loved to write letters and even wished to receive a letter a day.dhe was tired of the new technology.答案c考查细节理解。根据第四段中的“i wrote letters through elementary school，high school, college, and beyond. it got to the point where i could comfortably expect to receive a letter a day”可知选c。2what can we infer from the passage?athe author was the last one to write letters.bthe author hadnt written letters before his friend duane left.cthe author called the post office to look for duane.dthe author was addicted to emails.答案b考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“it was at that moment that i became a letter writer”推断出，作者在他的朋友duane离开之前没有写过信，故选b。3in the last paragraph the author says “i already knew that”， he probably means“_ ”athe carrier went homebemail is of great importancecthe earth shifted suddenlydtheres still no mail for him答案d考查句意理解。根据倒数第二段中的“when the carrier finally did make his way down my street，i signaled to him，but he shrugged kindly and said，nothing for you today”可推知依然没有作者的信件。4why did the author run the mail carrier down and shake his hand?abecause the mail carrier had done a heroic deed.bbecause the author was overjoyed to hear from a longlost friend.cbecause the author failed to receive a mail.dbecause the mail carrier delivered advertised mails.答案b考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“i once received a letter from a long lostfriend and was filled with such joy that i ran the mail carrier down and shook his hand，as if he had done a heroic deed in conveying the letter to me”可知，作者收到久未见面的朋友的信是非常开心的，故选b。5whats the best title of the passage?awhy i stick to the mailmanbhow kind a mailmancwhat the news will bedemail age arrives答案a考查标题判断。本文主要表达了作者对传统书信的难以舍弃的情愫，故选a。【2015高考复习】阅读理解for anyone who is determined to be a fashion designer，it is not enough to have succeeded in college.the real test is whether they can survive，and become established during their early 20s，making a name for themselves in the real world where business skills can be as important as talent and creativity.fashion is a hard business.there is a continuous amount of stress because work is at a constant and extremely fast speed to prepare for the next seasons collections.it is extremely competitive and there is the constant need to make attractive advertisements of the latest fashion in newspapers and magazines.it also requires continual freshness because the appetite for new ideas is hard to satisfy.“we try to warn people before they come to us about how tough it is.” says lydia kemeny，head of fashion at st.martins school of art in london.“and we point out that drive and determination are absolutely necessary.”this may seem far removed from the popular opinions of fashionable young people spending their time designing pretty dresses.that may well be what they do in their first year of study but a good college wont be slow in introducing students to commercial realities，“we dont walk our foot on the blossoming flower of creativity but in the second year we start introducing the restrictions of price，producing ability，marketing and so on.”almost all fashion design is done to a brief.it is not a form of selfexpression as such，although there is certainly room for imagination and creativity.most young designers are going to end up as employees of a producer or a fashion house and they still need to be able to work within the characteristic style of their employer.even those students who are most modern in their own taste of clothes may need to adapt to produce designs