怎么找非谓语动词的逻辑主语[文档资料]

怎么找非谓语动词的逻辑主语 本文档格式为 WORD,感谢你的阅读。 用好非谓语动词，找到其逻辑主语是关键，下文结合例句和考题讨论非谓语动词的逻辑主语的位置。 一、句子的主语 非谓语动词作状语、主语补足语时，其逻辑主语为句子的主语。如： Charles Babbage is generally considered to have invented the first computer.（ to have invented 为句子的主语补足语，它的逻辑主语是 Charles Babbage，该动作在谓语动词所示动作之前发生，用完成式） 例 1 _ an important decision more on emotion than on reason， you will regret it sooner or later. A. Based B. Basing C. Base D. To base 解析：选 B。动词 base 与逻辑主语 you 之间构成主动关系，因此用现在分词作状语。注意：（ sb.） base A on B相当于 A is based on B。 例 2 Having finished her project， she was invited by the school _ to the new students. A. speaking B. having spoken C. to speak D. to have spoken 解析：选 C。 to speak 作逻辑主语 she 的补足语，注意搭配 invite sb. to do sth.。 二、句子的宾语 非谓语动词作宾语补足语，该宾语就是非谓语动词的逻辑主语。如： She stood in front of him， with her eyes fixed on his face.（ fixed 的逻辑主语是介词 with 的宾语 her eyes，注意搭配 fix ones eyes on sth. ） 例 3 Michael put up a picture of Yao Ming beside the bed to keep himself _ of his own dreams. A. reminding B. to remind C. reminded D. remind 解析：选 C。 reminded 作宾语补足语，表示状态，逻辑主语 himself 和 reminded 为被动关系。 例 4 I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A. to wind B. wind C. winding D. wound 解析：选 C。此题考查现在分词作宾语补足语。winding its way 与句子的宾语 snake 之间为主动关系，且此动作正在进行。 三、修饰的先行词 非谓语动词作定语时，其逻辑主语为该词修饰的先行词。如： The people operating these factories are deeply concerned about the environment.（ operating 的逻辑主语为先行词 the people，它们之间是主动关系） His first book to be published next month is expected to be a success.（不定式 to be published 表示将来的动作，其逻辑主语是 his first book） 例 5 Recently a survey _ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared 解析：选 B。非谓语动词作定语，和被修饰的 survey是主动关系，因此用 -ing 形式。 例 6 Were having a meeting in half an hour. The decision _ at the meeting will influence the future of our company. A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made 解析：选 A。分析句子结构可知，空白处为后置定语，根据 will influence 确定为将来动作，且与被修饰的名词是逻辑上的被动关系。 例 7 The witnesses _ by the police just now gave very different descriptions of the fight. A. questioned B. being questioned C. to be questioned D. having questioned 解析：选 A。首先判断此处需要一个非谓语动词，作witnesses 的后置定语， question 与 witnesses 之间为被动关系，根据标志词 just now 可知动作 question 已经完成。 四、独立的逻辑主语 非谓语部分常作状语，其逻辑主语与主句的主语不同，构成独立主格结构。如： All the work done， you can have a rest now.（ done 的逻辑主语是 work，主句主语是 you） He suggested going for a picnic， Mary to provide the food.（不定式表示将来的动作，逻辑主语是Mary，主句主语是 he） 例 8 Bats are surprisingly long-lived creatures， some _ a life span of around 20 years. A. having B. had C. have D. to have 解析：选 A。因为句中已有谓语动词 are，所以该空要填非谓语动词；因为逻辑主语与 have 为主动关系，所以用 -ing 形式。 例 9 The party will be held in the garden，weather _. A. permitting B. to permit C. permitted D. permit 解析：选 A。由于主句的主语 party 与 weather 不一致，所以 weather 作 permitting 的逻辑主语，构成独立主格结构。两者为主动关系，用现在分词。 此外，动 名词复合结构也有自己独立的逻辑主语。如： Many trees were cut down and that resulted in the village being buried by sand. （ the village 可用the villages 代替，是 being buried 的逻辑主语） Marys not passing the driving test made her very upset. （动名词复合结构作句子的主语， Marys 不宜用 Mary 代替） 五 、无逻辑主语 非谓语动词在句中作主语、宾语和表语时，相当于名词，常常没有逻辑主语。 1. To see is to believe.（非谓语动词作主语和表语） 2. His plan is about expanding the business.（非谓语动词作宾语） 例 10 No matter how bright a talker you are，there are times when its better _ sile