gilt preparation guide 2015-conti meeting.pptx

后备母猪培养 最大化使用寿命PreparingGiltsforMaximumLongevityArtFrioAlltech 目前问题Currentissues 高淘汰率导致母猪替换率高Highcullingrateresultstohighreplacementrate体重较轻母猪在繁殖舍中被淘汰 125kg Smallreplacementgiltsinthebreedinghouse 125kg 影响猪肉产量的几个主要因素PrimaryFactorsaffectingPigMeatProduction GILTPREPARATION 后备母猪准备Giltpreparation 每胎有50 概率获得母猪50 chanceofgettingfemalesperlitter只有10 20 能达成后备母猪的培育目标成为母猪Only10 20 chanceofproducinggiltssuccessfully要求后备母猪正确达成配种目标 正确的大小 日龄 和体重Requiresthefemalepigtoreachpubertyproperly rightsize ageandweight配种随后进入母猪舍Breedandbeintroducedtothesowherd达到目标使用寿命Reachtargetsowlifetimeperformance 不同胎次的淘汰比例Sowdisposalbyparity Boyleetal1998n 37 15 000sows 关注FOCUS 提高后备母猪生产表现的策略Strategiestoimprovegiltperformance 目标体况要求Targetphysicalrequirements基本影响需要Basicnutrientrequirements饲喂程序Feedingmanagement 提高后备母猪生产表现的策略Strategiestoimprovegiltperformance 目标体况要求TargetphysicalrequirementsBasicnutrientrequirementsFeedingmanagement 后备母猪选择流程Giltselectionprocess 首次筛选Firstselection25 30kg二次筛选Secondselection70 80kg三次筛选Thirdselection100kg 阴户 乳头 腿部Vulva teats legs体型 腿部 蹄部Bodyconformation legs feet170日龄 背膘 16mmAge170days backfat 16mm 体重Weight 主要指标MajorCriteria 目标体况 首次配种Targetbodycondition 1stmating 210 240日龄210 240daysofage体重120 150公斤120 150kgbodyweight18 22mmP2在第二次发情时配种Matingat2ndestrus 日龄和P2背膘厚度对母猪繁殖力的影响EffectofageandP2thicknessatselectiononfecundityofsows Gueblezetal 1985 首次配种时P2背膘和体重对母猪生产性能的影响PerformanceofsowsaccordingtobodyweightandP2atfirstmating Onlysowsthatactuallyachieved5parities Challinoretal 1996 Totalbornover3paritiesaccordingtobreedingweight Williamsetal 2005 PICgenetics 首次配种日龄对分娩率的影响Effectofageofgiltsatfirstserviceonfarrowingrate Levis unpublished 配种日龄对生产性能的影响Giltageatmatingaffectingperformance 不同配种日龄对死胎率的影响Stillbirth andgiltmatingage 不同配种日龄对木乃伊胎率的影响Mummies andgiltmatingage Philsdata2011 800sows 配种日龄对生产性能的影响Giltageatmatingaffectingperformance 不同配种日龄对断奶前死亡率的影响Pre weanmortalityandgiltmatingage 不同配种日龄对产活仔数的影响Pigsbornaliveandgiltmatingage Philsdata2011 800sows Strategiestoimprovegiltperformance提高后备母猪生产表现的策略 TargetphysicalrequirementsBasicnutrientrequirementsFeedingmanagement Giltdeveloperdiet 60kguptomating PurposeofgiltdietProperboneandmuscleformationAllowdevelopmentofreproductivetractDepositnecessaryvitaminsandminerals Giltdeveloperdiet 60kguptomating NutrientspecsME3 050kcal kgTotallysine0 80 Totalthreo0 65 Totalmeth0 28 Totaltryp0 18 Ca0 9 1 0 AvPhos0 45 0 5 Choline1 400ppmSelenium0 300ppm SelPlex Cr0 200ppm Bio chrome VitE120IU EffectofFeedingGrainsContaminatedwithFusariumMycotoxinsonReproductivePerformanceofPregnantGilts 36 1st parityYorkshiregilts12giltsperdietThreediets Control 0 2ppmDONContaminated 5 5ppmDON 0 5ppm15 acetylDON 0 3ppmzearalenoneContaminated MTB 1002kg ton2 4kgfeed gilt dayfrom91dofgestationuntilfarrowing Diaz LlanoandSmith 2006 J Anim Sci 84 2361 2366 EffectofFeedingGrainsContaminatedwithFusariumMycotoxinsonReproductivePerformanceofPregnantGilts ItemControlContaminatedMTB 100ADFI kg2 42 12 2ADG kg1 1a0 6b0 8abG F0 5a0 2b0 4abStillbirth 6 3bc15 5ac4 6bBornalive 90 5ab80 7a95 4bNo ofmummies0 30 30 0Totalpigletsborn litter9 810 010 8Litterwtatbirth kg11 612 511 3 Diaz LlanoandSmith 2006 J Anim Sci 84 2361 2366 a cMeanswithinarowwithdifferentsuperscriptsaredifferent P 0 05 Roleofmineralsonsowperformance Roleoftraceelements Insulin Progesterone LH FSH Ovulationrate Fertilisationrate Embryosurvival Uterinecapacity Newbornpiglets USPs Weanedpiglets Cr Mn Cr Fe Fe Fe Se Se Cr Se Zn Cu VitA Semen Cr Fe Sowfertility Oestrus Fe Change LitterWeight kg Mahan Newton 1995 SowMineralContent Mineralmovement Iron Mahan 2007 Mineralmovement Zinc Mahan 2007 Mineralform organicorinorganic Mahan 2007 Organicmineralsandsowlongevity Close 2000 Chile 20 000sowfarm pigletsbornaliveperlitter EffectsofFibre NSP onMetabolism StimulatesfeedintakeinlactationIncreasesmilkproductionImprovescompositionofcolostrumandmilkReducespigletmortalityIncreaseslitterweightgainFeweremptydaysIncreasessowproductivity Waterbindingcapacity WBC ofsomecommonlyusedfibrousmaterialsinpigfeeds Fiberingestation Keyistoprovide18 23 NDFingestation Effectoffiberingestationonlactationfeedintakeover3parities VanDerPeet Schweingetal2003 a a a b b b meanswithoutacommonsubscriptletter P 0 05 提高后备母猪生产表现的策略Strategiestoimprovegiltperformance TargetphysicalrequirementsBasicnutrientrequirements饲喂程序Feedingmanagement 后备母猪饲喂建议 胎次1SuggestedGiltFeedingStrategy Parity1 怀孕期后备母猪饲喂策略Feedingstrategyforgiltsinpregnancy Dietcontaining3250kcalDE kg3100kcalME kg Early2 0kg d Mid2 2kg d Late 2 6kg d 不同胎次配种目标体重和P2背膘厚度建议SuggestedtargetbodyweightandP2backfatthicknessatmatingandsuggestedchangesduringeachparity P2 GENOTYPESPECIFIC 母猪不同胎次体重变化目标Weightchangetargetsinasowlifetime Parity1 Parity2 Parity3 Parity4 Parity5 Parity6 过瘦母猪症状ThinSowSyndrome 泌乳期采食量过低Lowfeedintakeinlactation过度体重损失Excessiveweightloss 15kg 断奶时母猪体况评分 2 5Bodyconditionscore 2 5atweaning结果Consequences空怀天数增加Increasedemptydays需要一个月恢复Need1monthtorecover需要90kg饲料回复体况Need90kgoffeedtorecoverbodycondition 泌乳阶段的体重损失Bodyweightlossinlactation 在泌乳阶段每10kg的体重损失意味着Each10kglossinbodyweightduringlactation 在下一个胎次损失0 5只仔猪decreasessubsequentlittersizeby0 5piglet断奶发情间隔增加3天increaseswean oestrusintervalby3days需要40kg以填补体况损失requiresatleast40kgoffeedtoreplenishloss 怀孕阶段营养素需求Nutrientrequirementsduringpregnancy Dietcontains3 0McalME kg 怀孕期不同阶段能量需求变化 160公斤母猪 Thechangeinenergyrequirementsduringpregnancy 160kgsow McalME day 后备母猪培育日粮Giltdeveloperdiet 60kguptomating NutrientspecsME3 050kcal kgTotallysine0 80 Totalthreo0 65 Totalmeth0 28 Totaltryp0 18 Ca0 9 1 0 AvPhos0 45 0 5 Choline1 400ppmSelenium0 300ppm SelPlex CrnoneVitE120IUBetain