船舶常用英语.doc

中国海员之家网站航海英语系列 船舶常用英语 第 1 页 “中国海员之家”网站（ ）搜集整理，更多航海英语资料请到网站免费下载。 一、 船舶类型常用英语ship,vessel 船，船舶boat,craft 艇sampan 舢板, 小船manpoweredboat 人力船sailor sailingboat 帆船motorsailor 机帆船 powerdrivenship 机动船paddle steamer,paddlewheel vessel 明 轮 船 screw ship propeller vessel螺旋桨船airscrewshipaerial propellervessel 空气 螺旋桨船hovercraftaircushioncraft 气垫船hydrofoil水翼船hydrojetpropelledboat,waterjetboat 喷水船steamship steamer 蒸汽机船motorship 内燃机船 diesel ship柴油机船electricallypropelledship 电力推进船steamturbineship 汽轮机船gasturbineship 燃气轮机船nuclearpower ship核动力船deckship 甲板船flushdeck ship 平甲板船 raisedquarterdeck ship 尾升高甲板船welldeck ship半舱船 singlesideship 单舷长大舱口船threeisland ship 三岛式船 doubleshellship 双壳船rivetedship 铆接船weldedship 焊接船transversely framed ship 横 骨 架 式 船longitudinallyframedship 纵骨架式船combinedframed ship 混合骨架式船 seagoing vessel海船 oceangoingvessel 远洋船coaster 沿海船 channelship 海峡船 inlandwaterwayvessel 内河船 civil shipmerchant ship民用船；商船transportship 运输船pleasureyacht 游艇 passenger ship客船coastingpassengerandcargoship沿海客货船passengerandautocarcarrier 旅客及汽车运输 船touristshippassengercarrier 旅游船cargoship freighter 货船 cargoliner 定期货船trampship 不定期货船container ship 集装箱船 fullcontainership 全集装箱船semicontainership 半集装箱船multipurpose containership 多用途集装箱船general cargo ship/vessel/carrier 杂 货 船 bulk(cargo)carrier 散货船orecarrier 矿砂船graincarrier 运粮船 coalcarriercoaler 运煤船lumber(timber)carrier 运 木 船 cattle carrier运牲畜船multipurposeship 多用途船liquidcargoship 液体货货船chemicaltank 化学品液货船 liquid chemicaltanker 液体化学品船 liquefied gas carrier液化气体船 liquefiedpetroleumgas tanker (LPG) 液 化石油气运输船liquefiednaturalgastanker(LNG) 液化天然气运输船tanker oil tanker 油轮 supertanker 超级油轮VLCC (verylargecrudecarrier) (吨位在20万至30万吨之间的)巨型油轮ULCC(ultralargecrudecarrier) (吨位在30万至50万吨之间的) 超巨型油船refrigerated ship cold storage ship 冷 藏 船 rollon/rolloffship(RO/ROship) 滚装船ferry 渡船passengerferry 旅客渡船 freight ferry货物渡船fishingvessel(boat) 渔轮trawler 拖网渔轮 bargecarrierlighteraboard ship(LASH)载驳船bargelighter 驳船deckbarge甲板驳welldeckbarge 半舱驳doubleshellbarge 双壳驳singlesidebarge 单 舷 长 大 舱 口 驳 oil barge油驳 container barge 集装箱驳船RO/RObarge 滚装驳船 liquefiedgas barge 液化气体驳 hopper barge开底泥驳splithopperbarge 对开泥驳pusherpushboat 顶推船；推船workingship 工程船tugtugboattowboat 拖船harbortug港作拖船rescuetug 救助拖轮salvageship 救捞船dredger挖泥船 trailingsuctiondredge 耙吸挖泥船第 2 页 共 12页cutter suctiondredger 绞吸挖泥船 bucketwheeldredger 斗轮挖泥船bucketdredger链斗挖泥船reclamationcraft 吹泥 船grabdredger 抓斗挖泥船dipperdredger 铲斗挖泥船 floatingpitterdrive pitter 打桩船 floatingcranederrickboat 起 重 船 floating dock浮船坞cable layercableship 布缆船scientific surveying ship 科学考察船 researchship 科学调查船 oceanographicresearchvessel 海洋调查船surveyingship 测量船icebreaker 破冰船pontoon 浮舟 浮桥 趸船, 浮码头highspeedcraft 高速船passengercatamaran 双体客船vehicleferry catamaran 双体车辆渡船vehiclepassengerferry catamaran 双体车客渡船pontooncatamaran 双体趸船 二、 船舶结构常用英语centerline 中心线，中线athwartships 横对船体（与船首尾线直交）bevel 斜角；斜面baseline 基线amidships 在船中部；在纵中线上designedwaterlinebreadth 设计水线宽designedwaterlinelength 设计水线长draft 吃水former/aftdraft 首/尾吃水draftfigures 吃水尺度intersection 交点；交叉；横断面knuckle 折角线lengthbetweenperpendicular 垂线间长length overall 总长 loadwaterlinelength 满载水线长registerlength(breadthdepth) 登记长度（宽度、深 度）freeboard 干舷riseoffloor(deadrise) 舭高；船底 loadlinemark 载重水线标记freshwaterloadline(F.) 淡水载重线freshwatertimber loadline(L.F.) 淡水木材载重线tropicalfreshwaterloadline(TF) 热带淡水载重线tropicalloadline(T) 热带载重线summer loadline(S) 夏季载重线summerfreshwaterloadline(F) 夏季淡水载重线winterloadline(W) 冬季载重线winterNorth Atlanticloadline(WNA) 冬季北大西洋 载重线evenkeel （首尾）等吃水，平载extremebreadth 最大宽度floatablelength 可浸长度sheeratforward (after)perpendicular 首尾舷弧sheerline 舷弧线accommodation 居住舱室accommodation deck 起居 舱 室 ； 旅 客 甲 板accommodationladder 舷梯accommodation ladder platform 舷 梯 平 台accommodationladdermanrope 舷梯扶索afterbody后（部船）体after peakbulkhead 艉尖舱舱壁 afterpeaktank 艉尖舱airhole 空气孔airpipe 空气管appendage（船体水线下的）附体；附件auxiliary machinery 辅助机械；辅机balanced rudder 平衡舵ballast压载（物）ballastline 压载水管 系ballastpump 压载水泵ballastpumpingsystem 压载水系统ballasttank(water) 压载舱（水）batten 板条；压条（封仓用）battenceiling （货舱内）护舱条，护板beam 横梁beambracket 梁肘板bearding交合线，榫（艏柱或艉柱上）bendingmoment 弯矩bilge 舭部；舱底； （船底）污水沟bilgebracket 舭肘板bilgekeel(chock,piece) 舭龙骨bilgeknee舭肘板bilgeline 舭水管系bilgemain 舭水总管bilgepipe(suction) 舭吸水管bilgepump 舭水泵 bilgestrake(plate) 舭列板bilgewell 污水井 bitt系缆桩bollard 系缆桩；系船柱；双系柱bolster 枕垫bonnet 烟囱帽；机罩boom 杆；吊杆；桁；叉架boomcrutch(supportrest) 吊杆支架bossing 尾管突出部；轴包套 bottomframe 船底横 骨 bottom第 3 页 共 12页longitudinal 船底纵骨 bottom plate船底板bow 船首，船头bowfender 艏护垫bowflare 艏部外飘bowthruster 首侧推器bracket 肘板； （三角）拖架breakwater 挡浪板bridge 桥；桥楼；驾驶台bulbangle 圆头角材bulbousbow 球形船首，球鼻首bulbstern 球形船尾bulkhead 舱壁bulkheadplating 舱壁板bulkheadstiffener 舱壁扶强材bulwark 舷墙bulwarkplating 舷墙板bulwarkstay 舷墙扶强材bunkertank 燃料舱bushing 衬套butt 端接；残片buttjoint(seam) 平接缝buttriveting 对接铆buttwelding 对接焊butterflyclip 蝴蝶夹bypassvalve 旁通阀cablestopper 止链器camber 翘曲camberofbeam 梁拱cantbeam 斜梁cantbracket 斜角板cantframe 斜肋骨cantilever 悬臂梁capstan 绞盘；绞缆机cargo batten 货舱护板cargo block 吊货滑车cargo port 装货舷梯，舷门catwalk （油轮上的）天桥，步桥centergirder 中底桁centerstrake 中央内底板chafingplate 防擦板chafingring 防擦环chainlock(well) 锚链舱chainpipe 锚链管chainstopper 止链器chock 导缆器；垫木clampplate 夹板，压板cleat 羊角；系绳铁栓；防滑条coaming 围板；舱口围板cofferdam 隔离舱collarplate 封板collisionbulkhead 船首舱壁；防撞舱壁companionway(hatch) 升降口corrugatedbulkhead 槽形舱壁corrugation 皱；槽形；波形crossdeckstructure 舱间甲板结构crossingstrengthmember 交叉强力构件cruiserstern 巡洋舰型船尾curtainplate 幕板cutout 开口；切davit 吊艇架；吊艇柱deck 甲板deckbeam 甲板横梁deckhouse 甲板室deckline 甲板线decklongitudinal 甲板纵骨deckstringer(plate) 甲板边板deeptank 深舱derrick 吊杆diaphragm 隔板doublebottom 双层底doubling plate 双层焊合板drainhole 排水孔ductkeel 箱形龙骨dunnage 垫舱（物料） ；衬垫dunnagewood 垫木dynamicload 动载荷endbracket 端肘板escapetrunk （船内）应急通道enginebed 机座enginecasing 机舱围壁escapescuttle （船内）应急出口escapevent 脱险口expansionjoint 伸缩接头expansiontrunk(tank) （油船）膨胀深井extensionbracket 延伸肘板faceplate 面板fender 碰垫；护舷材fenderbar 护舷条fairlead 导缆器flamescreen 防焰罩flange 折边flangedbracket 折边肘板flat keel 平板龙骨floor 肋板foldingdoor 折门第 4 页 共 12页forecastledeck 艏楼甲板forepeaktank （船的）首舱；前尖舱forward perpendicular 首垂线foundation 底座frame 肋骨framenumber 肋骨跨数framespace 肋距freeingport 甲板排水孔；放水孔gangway(gangladderorgangboard) 舷梯gasket 垫圈，垫料（集）密封垫generalservicepipe(G.Spump) 通用泵，总用泵girder 桁材gooseneck(parityiron) 鹅颈头；吊杆弯头grating 格子板；滑铁板groundtackle 锚泊索具gunwale 舷缘；舷边gunwaleangle 舷边角钢gunwalebar 舷边角材gunwalerailing 舷边栏杆gunwaletank 舷侧水柜（甲板下）gusset 角板；扣板gutter （甲板）水沟；槽沟gutteranglewaterwayangle （舷侧）排水沟角钢gypsy 绞筒（锚机绞车上的）handrail 舷墙扶手hangingrudderhingedrudder 吊舵；悬舵hatchhatchwayhatchopening 舱口hatchbar 封舱压条hatchbatten 舱口边压条hatchbeam(web) 舱口大梁hatchbooby 活动舱口盖hatchcoaming 舱口板hatchcover 舱口盖hatchendbeam 舱口端梁hatchmoulding 舱口椽材hatchsidegirder 舱口纵桁hatchtarpaulin 盖舱布hatchtrunk 舱口围阱hawsepipe 锚链管hawser 绳索；大缆heel 踵材；横倾hingedcover(door) 铰链盖（门）hold 货舱holdbeam 舱内梁holdframe 舱内肋骨holdladder 舱内梯holdstanchion(pillar) 舱内支柱holdstringer 舱内纵桁hopper 漏斗；开舱泥驳hopper tank 底边舱hopper tankslopingplating 底边舱斜板horizontalmarginplate 水平内底板horizontalgirder 水平桁horizontalstiffener 水平扶强材（防挠材）hull 船壳，船体hullconstruction 船体结构hullplating 船壳板hullstrength 船体强度innerbottom 内底innerbottomplating 内底板insertplate 嵌板；衬板jack 千斤顶jackladder 绳梯Jacobsladder 软梯；绳梯Joggledjoint 折接；弯合jogglingmachine 折曲机keel 龙骨keelblock 龙骨墩keelline 龙骨线；艏艉线keelplate 龙骨板keelrail （救生艇）艇底把手keelson 内龙骨kingpost 起重柱；将军柱knee 肘板；弯头kneeofthedeck 甲板梁肘板lightening hole 减轻孔lignumvitae 铁梨木localstrength 局部强度local stress 局部应力longitudinal 纵骨；纵材；纵桁longitudinalbulkhead 纵舱壁longitudinalbending 纵向弯曲longitudinalframingsystem 纵骨架式longitudinalstrength 纵向强度lug 耳板maindeck 主甲板mainframe 主肋骨manhole人孔manholedoor 人孔盖manholecoaming 人孔围板momentofinertia 惯性矩marginplate 内底边板moldedbreadth 型宽moldeddepth 型深mooringhole 导缆孔mooringpost 系缆柱；岸柱mudbox 泥箱第 5 页 共 12页nonreturnvalve 止回阀nonwatertightbulkhead 非水密舱壁notch 切口；槽口；刻痕oscillatingload 振动负荷parallelmiddlebody 平行中体panelstiffener 板格扶强材pantingarrangement 防挠振结构pantingbeam 防挠振梁pantingstringer 防挠振纵桁pillar 支柱；墩pintle 舵销planebulkhead 平面舱壁planekeel 平板龙骨pumproom 泵舱helm(rudder)pintle 舵销horizontalmarginplate 水平内底边板outbottomplating 外 底 板 platform平台plating 壳板plimsollmark 载重线标志poop 艉楼；船尾poopdeck 艉楼甲板port 舷门；舱门； （装货）口；窗；门；孔porthole 舷窗； （装货）舷门propellerpropellor 推进器；螺旋桨propelleraperture 螺旋桨空间propellerboss(bub) 螺旋桨毂propellershaft 艉轴racking （船体）横向挠度rail 扶手；栏杆rolling 横摇roundofbeam 梁拱 roundstern 圆（船）尾rudder 舵rudder carrier 舵托 ruddercasing 舵杆管 rudder pintle舵针；舵栓rudderplaterudderblade 舵叶；舵板rudderpost 舵柱rudderstock 舵杆rudder trunk 舵杆围壁；舵杆管rung （梯子）踏步；横档scallop 扇形开孔scantling 构件尺寸scantlingofthestructure 结构尺寸scarfscarph 嵌接处；斜面；斜接scarfjoint 斜（嵌）接scarfweld （斜面）焊接scarfingbracket 嵌接肘板scupper 排水孔scupperpipe 排水管scuttle 舷窗；人孔（盖） ；小舱口盖seam 焊缝；接缝section 剖面 sectionmodulus 剖面模数 semibalancedrudder 半平衡舵shaft 轴shaftbracket 轴架shafttubesterntube 艉轴管shafttunnel(alleypassagetrunk) 轴隧；地轴弄shedderplate 泄板；斜板sheer 舷弧；偏航sheerstrake 舷顶列板shell 船壳；壳shellframe 舷侧肋骨shellplating 船壳板；外板shellstrakeoutsideplating 船体外板shelterdeck 遮蔽甲板shiftingbeam 活动舱口梁shiftingboard(orplank) 止移板（散装谷类） ；防动 板sidegirder 旁桁材sidelongitudinal 舷侧纵骨sideplating 舷侧外板sidestrake 舷侧列板singlebottom 单层底skid 护舷木；垫板skylight 天窗slantingplate 斜板sloptank污油水舱slopingplate 斜板slopingplatelongitudinal 斜板纵骨slot 槽；开缝sluice 水密门；水闸sluicevalve 闸阀snipedend 削斜端softtoe 软趾solidfloor 实肋板sounding pipe 测量管；测深管stabilizer 减摇装置stabilizingtank 减摇水舱staging 构架；台架；脚手架stanchion 支柱；栏杆柱static load 静载荷stay 支柱；撑条；支索stay bar(orrod) 撑杆stay plate 撑板第 6 页 共 12页stem 艏；艏柱；艏材stempost 艏柱stern 船尾，艉部sterncounter 船尾突出体sternshaftpropellershaft 艉轴sternpoop 艉楼sternpost 尾柱stiffener 防挠材；扶强材；加固物stool 托架，座，凳strake 列板strengthcalculation 强度计算strengthdeck 强力甲板stringer 纵桁stringerplate 甲板边板structuralmember 构件structuralstrength 结构强度strumbox （舱底水）过滤箱strut 撑材，支柱，轴架stuffingbox 填料箱superstructure 上层建筑tail(end)shaft 艉轴tarpaulin 防水油布，帆布，舱盖布thrustbearing(block) 推力轴承thrustshaftcollars 推力环tieplate 带板，牵板，连接板topsidetank 顶边舱；上边柜topsidetankslopingplating 顶边舱斜板torsion 扭转torsionstrength 扭转强度transomstern 方形船尾transverse 横梁，横材transversebulkhead 横舱壁transverseframe 横肋骨，横框transverseframingsystem 横骨架式transversering 横环transversestrength 横向强度tripping bracket 防倾肘板tweendeck 中间甲板tweendeckframe 甲板间肋骨twistingdistortion 扭转变形twistingmoment 扭转力矩tunnel 轴隧，隧道，风筒tunnelescape 轴隧应急出口tunnelshaftbearing 中间轴支撑轴承ullagepipe(port) 油位测定管（孔）ullagespace 空挡空间upperdeck 上甲板upper(reverse)frame 内底横骨upper(lower)shelfplate 上（下）支架板upper(lower)stool 上（下）托架ventilator 通风筒verticalballasttrunk 竖向压载通道verticalgirder 竖桁warpingchocks 滚轮导缆钳washbulkhead 可荡舱壁，挡水舱壁watertightbulkhead 水密舱壁watertightdeck 水密门weatherdeck 露天甲板webbeam 强横梁，桁板横梁webframe 加强肋骨，框架肋骨，桁板肋骨webplate 腹板wedge 楔木，楔子winch 起货机winchhead 绞车卷筒windlass 起锚机wingtank 翼舱，翼柜wireclip 钢缆夹wirereel 卷缆车，钢丝滚筒 三、 船舶材料及工艺常用英语A.Shipbuilding material (造船材料)Tbar T型钢Zbar Z型钢IBar 工字钢channelbar 槽钢anglesteel 角钢equalanglesteel 等边角钢unequalanglesteel 不等边角钢offsetbulbplate 球扁钢flat plate 钢板roundsteel 圆钢halfroundsteel 半圆钢steelpipe 钢管alloysteel 合金钢specialsteel 特种钢temperingsteel 回火钢材lowcarbonsteel 低碳钢hightensilesteel 高强度钢copper 紫铜brass 黄铜aluminumalloy 铝合金stainlesssteel 不锈钢mechanicalproperty 机械性能tensiletest 拉伸试验bendtest 弯曲试验impacttest 冲击试验第 7 页 共 12页torsiontest 扭转试验torsionstrength 抗扭强度torsionaldeflection 扭转；扭转变形tensilestrength 拉伸强度yieldstrength 屈服强度yieldpoint 屈服点yieldstress 屈服应力elastic limit 弹性极限ultimatestrength 极限强度ultimatetensilestress 极限拉伸应力elasticity 弹性ductility 延展性，可塑（锻）性flexibility 挠性，柔性，易弯性toughness 韧性brittleness 脆性friability 易碎性hardness 硬度rigidity 刚性，稳定性heattreatment 热处理quench 淬火normalising 正火annealing 退火hardening 硬化，淬火tempering 回火casting 铸件，铸造forging 锻件，锻造pickling 酸洗shiptimber 船用木材lignumvitae 铁梨木threeplywood 三夹板asbestos 石棉asbestoscloth 石棉布asbestosboard 石棉板asbestossheet 石棉纸asbestoscord 石棉绳asbestospaint 石棉涂料fiberglass 玻璃丝plastics 塑料resin 树脂rubber 橡皮painting 油漆cladding 镀层，表面处理coating 涂层，敷料corrosion 腐蚀，侵蚀wastage 损耗，蚀耗wearandtear 蚀损，磨损fracture 裂纹fatiguefracture 疲劳裂纹hairlinefracture 发式裂纹buckling 皱折deformation 变形deflection,deflexion 挠曲flexion 弯曲lamellartearing 层间撕裂rust 铁锈scale 锈皮pitting 点蚀，锈斑indent 凹痕，凹陷groove 槽沟detachment 脱开，脱焊rupture 断裂，破裂cropping 割掉renewal 换新descale 除锈grind 磨平beveedout 刨除alignment 对准，校直snip 剪断，剪片taper 削斜，斜度B.Shipbuildingworkmanship （造船工艺）Workingdrawing 施工图endelevation 后面图frontelevation 正面图sideelevation 侧面图plane 平面图linesplan 型线图planofwaterlines 水线图generalarrangementplan 总布置图constructionplan 结构图damageplan 损坏示意图shellexpansionplan 外板展开图dockingplan 进坞图framingplan 船体构架图inboardprofileplan 纵剖面图midshipsectionplan 舯剖面图loadedwaterlineplane 满载水线图halfbreadthplan 半宽水线图stowageplan 配载图layingofflofting 放样moldloftfloor 放样台moldloft 放样间template 样板moldloftbatten,templatebatten 木样条evolute 展开线allowance 余量assembly 装配第 8 页 共 12页subassembly 分段装配subdivisionlength 分段长度shipbuildingtolerance 造船公差buildingberth 船台buildingdock 干坞slipdock 湿坞marineslipway,railwaydrydock 船排marineslipwaycradle 船排支架buildingblock,stocks 枕木launch 下水launchingways 下水滑道launchinggrade 下水坡度launchingcradle 下水架endlaunching 纵向下水sidewaylaunching 横向下水hydraulicpress 水压机flangingmachine 折边机platebendingmachine 弯板机anglecutter 角钢切断机planingmachine 刨边机shearingmachine 剪床guillotineshear 龙门剪床oxyacetylenewelding 氧乙炔焊co 2gaswelding 二氧化碳气体焊arc welding 电弧焊unionmeltwelding 埋弧自动焊fusionwelding 熔焊filletwelding 角焊flat seam 对接缝buttjointwelding 对接焊intermittentwelding 间断焊；断续焊staggeredintermittentwelding 交错断续焊缝lap weld 搭接焊slotweld 槽焊；长孔焊plugweld 塞焊；圆孔焊runofwelding 焊道weldingtorch 焊炬weldingrod 焊条flux 焊药fillermetaldepositedmetal 熔敷金属weldingstress 焊接应力weldingprocedure 焊接方法weldingthroat 焊喉cuttingtorch 割炬acetylenegenerator 乙炔发生器slag 熔渣undercut （焊接）咬边；根切hydraulictest 水压试验pressuretest 压力试验floodingtest 灌水试验hosetest 冲水试验oiltighttest 油密试验purchasetrial 交船试验 四、 船舶性能常用英语angleofvanishingstability 稳性消失角buoyancy 浮性buoyancycurve 浮力曲线capsizinglever,upsettinglever 倾覆力臂capsizingmoment,upsetting moment 倾覆力矩centerofbuoyancy 浮心centeroffloatation 漂心centerofgravity 重心curveofareas ofwaterplanes 水线面积曲线curveofsectionareas 横剖面面积曲线curveofvolumesofdisplacement 排水量曲线dynamicalstability（curve） 动稳性（曲线）entranceangle 进水角floodablelength 可浸长度forceofbuoyancy,buoyantforce 浮力freesurface 自由液面heaving 垂荡heelingangle 横倾角heelingmoment 横倾力矩hogging 中拱hoggingcondition 中拱状态hoggingmoment(stress) 中拱力矩（应力）hydrostatic curves 静水力曲线initialmetacenter 初稳心initialstability 初稳性insubmersibility 抗沉性longitudinalinclinationlistheel 纵倾longitudinalstability 纵稳性panting （波浪对船体的）冲击periodofrolling 横摇周期pitching 纵摇pounding 波浪冲击maneuverability 操纵性marginline 限界线metacenter 稳心momentto