The_Great_Gasby了不起的盖茨比.ppt

TheGreatGatsby F ScottFitzgerald BackgroundMajorcharactersWritingFeaturesMajorThemes Background TheGreatGatsbyisanovelbytheAmericanauthorF ScottFitzgerald Firstpublishedin1925 itissetonLongIsland sNorthShoreandinNewYorkCityduringthesummerof1922 keyword TheRoaringTwenties alsoknownastheJazzAge ThenoveltakesplacefollowingtheFirstWorldWar Americansocietyenjoyedprosperityduringthe roaring 1920sastheeconomysoared TheRoaringTwentiesisaphraseusedtodescribethe1920s principallyinNorthAmerica butalsoinLondon BerlinandParis Normalcy 常态returnedtopoliticsafterWorldWarI jazzmusicblossomed theflapperredefinedmodernwomanhood ArtDeco装饰艺术peaked andfinallytheWallStreetCrashof1929servedtopunctuatetheendoftheera asTheGreatDepressionsetin Theerawasfurtherdistinguishedbyseveralinventionsanddiscoveriesoffar reachingimportance unprecedentedindustrialgrowth acceleratedconsumerdemandandaspirations andsignificantchangesinlifestyleandculture Keyword Prohibition禁酒令TheEighteenthAmendmenttotheAmericanConstitution passedin1919 prohibitedthesaleandconsumptionofalcoholinAmerica Prohibition mademillionairesoutofbootleggerslikeGatsbyandownersofundergroundsalons called speakeasies Majorcharacters NickCarraway narrator bondsalesman债券推销员fromMidwest aYalegraduate aWorldWarIveteran老兵 andaresidentofWestEgg HeisGatsby snext doorneighbor JayGatsby originallyJamesGatz hecamefrompoorbeginningsandcreatedafantasyworldwherehewasrichandpowerful ayoung mysteriousmillionairelaterrevealedtobeabootlegger走私者 originallyfromNorthDakota withshadybusinessconnectionsandanobsessiveloveforDaisyFayBuchanan whomhehadmetwhenhewasayoungofficerinWorldWarI DaisyBuchanann eFay anattractivebutshallowyoungwoman Nick ssecondcousin onceremoved隔一代 andthewifeofTomBuchanan Hervoiceisfullofmoney GatsbyAsshesaidwhenshedeliveredherdaughter that sthebestthingagirlcanbeinthisworld abeautifullittlefool Daisyissmartenoughtounderstandthelimitsimposedonherandhasbecomejaded厌倦的andindulgentbecauseofthem Daisyisatrappedwoman She strappedinamarriagethatsheisunhappyinandtrappedinaworldwhereshehasnochancetobefreeorindependent Sheisatthemercyofherhusband amanwhotakesherforgranted TomBuchanan millionairewholivesonEastEgg andDaisy shusband BuchananattendedYaleandisawhitesupremacist JordanBaker SheisDaisyBuchanan slong timefriend aprofessionalgolferwithaslightlyshadyreputation GeorgeB Wilson amechanicandownerofagarageMyrtleWilson GeorgeWilson sunstablewifeandTomBuchanan smistress WritingFeatures 1 TheFirst PersonNarrative2 Doublevision3 Symbolism 2 Double visionF ScottFitzgeraldoncestatedthatthetestofafirst rateintelligencewastheabilitytoholdtwoopposedideasinthemindatthesametime andstillretainedtheabilitytofunction IntheGreatGatsby Double vision isshownonthesimilarityanddifferencebetweenthenarratorNickandthemaincharacterGatsby Nickseesthethings whichhappenedaroundhimwithcalm clear headed andreasonable WhileGatsbyisenthusiastic romanticandlivesindreams 3 SymbolismEastandWestEggTheeyesofT J EckleburgTheGreenLight EastandWestEggOneofthemostimportantthemesinthenovelisclassandsocialstanding Itisabarrierforalmosteverycharacter EastandWestEggactsasasymbolofthisinit sphysicalmakeup TomandDaisyliveontheEastwhichisfarmorerefinedandwellbred NickandGatsbyareontheWestwhichisforpeoplewhodon thaveanyrealstanding eveniftheyhavemoney Thebarrierkeepsthesepeopleapartfromoneanotherandfrommuchofwhattheywant TheeyesofT J EckleburgFitzgeraldusesthewordcarelessalotindescribingmostofthepeopleandeventsinthisbook Thereseemstobenofearofconsequence ofjudgment Sowhoisdoingthejudgment Thatis inpart whattheeyesofT J Eckleburgaretherefor TheseeyesarefromabillboardthatlooksoverWilson sgarage Theylookoverthesituation objectively butofferakindofjudgmentonthecharactersandtheiractions TheyareplacednearWilson sbecausethatiswheresomeofthemostselfishactstakeplace Myrtle sdeath Tom saffair Allofthesecrimesgounpunished Sotheeyeslookonandremindthecharactersoftheguiltthattheyforget TheGreenLightThegreenlightisamulti facetedpieceofsymbolisminthebook It smostobviousinterpretationisthatthelightissymbolicofGatsby slongingforDaisy butthatistoosimplistic Daisyispartofit butthegreenlightmeansmuchmore Gatsbyhasspenthiswholelifelongingforsomethingbetter Money success acceptance andDaisy Andnomatterhowmuchhehasheneverfeelscomplete SothegreenlightstandsforallofGatsby slongingsandwants AndwhenNicktalksaboutthegreenlightattheendofthebookhesays Iteludedusthen butthat snomatter tomorrowwewillrunfaster stretchourarmsoutfarther Heconnectsthegreenlighttoallpeople Everyonehassomethingthattheylongandsearchforthatisjustoffinthedistance Thatisthegreenlight MajorThemesHonestyDecay衰退 腐朽ViolenceClassReligionWorldWarI HonestyHonestydoesnotseemtodeterminewhichcharactersaresympatheticandwhicharenotinthisnovelinquitethesamewaythatitdoesinothers Thestandardsforhonestyandmoralityseemtobedependentonclassandgenderinthisnovel Tomfindshiswife sinfidelity不忠诚intolerable however hedoesnothesitatetolietoherabouthisownaffair NickisabletoadmireGatsbydespitehisknowledgeoftheman sillegaldealingsandbootlegging Ironically itisthecorruptDaisywhotakespauseatGatsby ssordidpast Herindignationathis dishonesty however islessmoralthanclass based HersenseofwhyGatsbyshouldnotbehaveinanimmoralmannerisbasedonwhatsheexpectsfrommembersofhermilieu ratherthanwhatshebelievestobeintrinsicallyright Decay衰退 腐朽DecayisawordthatconstantlycomesupinTheGreatGatsby whichisappropriateinanovelwhichcentersaroundthedeathoftheAmericanDream ItseemsthattheAmericandreamhasbeenperverted reversed GatsbylivesinWestEggandDaisyinEastEgg therefore GatsbylooksEastwithyearning ratherthanWest thetraditionaldirectionofAmericanfrontierambitions Fitzgeraldportraysthechauvinistic沙文主义andracistTominaverynegativelight clearlyscoffingathisapocalypticvisionoftheracesintermarrying Fitzgerald simplicationseemstobethatsocietyhasalreadydecayedenoughandrequiresnonewtwist ViolenceViolenceisakeythemeinTheGreatGatsby andismostembodiedbythecharacterofTom Anex footballplayer heuseshisimmensephysicalstrengthtointimidatethosearoundhim TheothersourceofviolenceinthenovelbesidesTomarecars AnewcommodityatthetimethatTheGreatGatsbywaspublished Fitzgeraldusescarstosymbolizethedangersofmodernityandthedangersofwealth Theclimaxofthenovel theaccidentthatkillsMyrtle isforeshadowedbytheconversationbetweenNickandJordanabouthowbaddrivingcancauseexplosiveviolence Theendofthenovel ofcourse consistsofviolenceagainstGatsby ThechoiceofhandgunasaweaponsuggestsGatsby sshadypast butitissymbolicthatitishisloveaffair nothisbusinesslife thatkillsGatsbyintheend ClassClassisanunusualthemeforanAmericannovel ItismorecommontofindreferencestoitinEuropean especiallyBritishnovels However thesocietiesofEastandWestEggaredeeplydividedbythedifferencebetweenthenouveauriche暴发户andtheoldermoneyedfamilies GatsbyisawareoftheexistenceofaclassstructureinAmerica andhetriesdesperatelytofakestatus evenbuyingBritishshirtsandclaimingtohaveattendedOxfordinanattempttojustifyhispositioninsociety Ultimately however itisaclassgulf深渊thatseparatesGatsbyandDaisy andcements粘合thelatterinherrelationshiptoherhusband whoisfromthesameclassassheis ReligionItisinterestingthatFitzgeraldchoosestousesomereligioustropesinanovelthatfocusesontheAmericanDream Themostobviousistheimageofthe va