初中英语阅读理解解题技巧PPT课件.ppt

ReadingComprehension 阅读理解 1 Tolearnthefourtypesofquestionsinreadingcomprehension2 Tolearntheskills methodsandstepstodoreadingcomprehension 3 Toimprovetheabilitiesofreadingcomprehension Learningaims 预学探标 Pre task Checkpreviewwork 1 Whendid colorfulcutting turnpopulardecorationartinYangzhou A IntheSuiDynastyB IntheTangDynastyC IntheQingDynastyD AfterthefoundingofPRC 2 What sthemeaningoftheunderlinedworldinparagraph2 A 开花B 繁茂C 凋谢D 发芽3 Fromthepassageweknow helpedthedevelopmentofYangzhoupaper cutting A thedevelopmentofpaper makingindustryB theprosperityofeconomyC Chinesegovernment shighvalue 重视 D Alltheabove4 What sthemainideaofthepassage A Howdopeoplemakepaper cuttingB ThewaytocutpaperC ThehistoryanddevelopmentofYangzhoupaper cuttingD TheimportanceofYangzhoupaper cutting 预学探标 Pre task Checkpreviewwork 1 Whendid colorfulcutting turnpopulardecorationartinYangzhou A IntheSuiDynastyB IntheTangDynastyC IntheQingDynastyD AfterthefoundingofPRC 2 What sthemeaningoftheunderlinedworldinparagraph2 A 开花B 繁茂C 凋谢D 发芽3 Fromthepassageweknow helpedthedevelopmentofYangzhoupaper cutting A thedevelopmentofpaper makingindustryB theprosperityofeconomyC Chinesegovernment shighvalue 重视 D Alltheabove4 What sthemainideaofthepassage A Howdopeoplemakepaper cuttingB ThewaytocutpaperC ThehistoryanddevelopmentofYangzhoupaper cuttingD TheimportanceofYangzhoupaper cutting 1 细节理解题 此类考题一般在文章中都能找到相对应的答案 主要提问 方式有 1 WhichofthefollowingisTRUE NOTtrue 2 Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned 3 Fromthefirst second third paragraphweknowthat Task1lookingfordetails 细节理解 互学析标 While Task Lastweekend thefourmembersofmyfamilyspentanenjoyableholidayattheMagicKingdom Disneyland Andoneeventmadeourvisitseemtrulymagical WegottothefrontofthelineatSpaceMountain onlytofindoutthatourlittledaughterGloriacouldn ttakeherice creamontheride Weweresoexcitedthatweallforgotice creamwasnotallowedontheride 1 Thefamily svisittotheMagicKingdomwas A helpfulB awfulC frighteningD amazing2 Beforetheride Gloriacriedbecause A shecouldn tfindherparentsinthelineB shewastoolittletotaketherideC shecouldn ttakeherice creamontherideD shehadtowaitfortwentyminutes 技巧点拨 这类题目有两个特点 1 凡是针对特定细节的考题 其正确答案大都可以在阅读材料中找到对应的文字部分作为验证 这一部分可能是一个词或短语 也可能是一个句子或相关的若干句子 但句式 用词和表达方式与题设不同 2 干扰项往往是真假细节混杂 甚至相关细节和无关细 节混杂 解答此类试题 首先要弄清题目和每个选项的含义 然后按题目要求寻找与之相关的细节 正确估计答案来源 同时注意题目和文章中的暗示 当答案难以确定时 还可辅以排除法 例 79 Noonewantstolistento fromothers MP3players A aloudsoundB sadstoriesC alongmovieD thewordsofasong 解析 第二段倒数第三行 Notonewantstolistentothis Veryloudmusiccanalsobebadforyourears 可以得出答案 选择A 80 Weshouldturndownthemusicwhenwearealonebecauseloudmusic A isnotenjoyableB makesustiredC isbadforMP3playersD hurtsourears 解析 根据第二段倒数第一行 Veryloudmusiccanalsobebadforyourears soevenifyouarealonewhenlisteningtoourMP3player youshouldn thaveitturneduptoohigh 得出结论 选择D 82 Wecantakeonceearphoneoutwhenwe A showothersthewayB talktofriendsonthephoneC watchasportingeventD havedinnerwithourparents 解析 根据第四段的介绍我们可以排除C项和D项 A和B在原文中都有提及 但是原文中指的是 answerthetelephone 这一短暂的动作 而B项是与朋友在 telephone 中聊天 是个延续性的动作 故选择A 1 OnFebruary9th 2013 SarahDarlingwaswalkingalongthestreetwhenshemetahomelessmannamedBillyRayHarris Shereachedintoherchangepurse emptiedoutofallthecoinshehadandgavethemtothehomelessman Sarahdidn trealizethatshehadgivenBillynotonlyallherchangebutalsoherdiamondringthatshehadputinherchangepurseuntilthefollowingmorning WhendidSarahrealizethatshehadalsogivenBillyherdiamondring A OnFebruary9th 2013B OnFebruary10th 2013C OnFebruary18th 2013D OnFebruary22nd 2013 互学析标 While Task 常见提问方式有 1 Thewordinthepassagemeans 2 What sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword 3 Whatdoestheunderlinedwordmean Task2Guessingthemeaning 词义猜测 互学析标 While Task 2 词义猜测题 此类考题要求考生根据上下文确定某一特定的词或短语 的准确含义 主要提问方式有 1 Theunderlinedword inthepassage mostprobably means 2 Theunderlinedwordinthefirst second third paragraphrefersto 3 Whatdoestheunderlinedword mean 技巧点拨 常见的猜词方法有 1 通过定义 释义猜测词义 3 通过生活常识猜测词义 如 Lisaletthehairdresser trim herhairabitbecauseitgrewtoo long 根据because从句所讲的意思 我们可推测trim就是 之意 5 通过构词法猜测词义 根据学过的构词法知识 知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义 就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义 如 ThejourneytoHawaiithissummeris unforgettable 利用构词法常识和我们已熟悉的词forget 我们可以知道 unforgettable就是的意思 修剪 难以忘怀的 A 胸无点墨的B 毫无兴趣的C 寡言少语的D 无话可说的 A 陌生人B 行人C 故人D 古代人 6 根据列举的事例猜测词义 Alotoftheworld snaturalresourceslikeoilcomefrompoorcountries A 环境B 资源C 汽油2 Theoldmanputonhisspectaclesandbegantoread A 帽子B 雨鞋C 眼镜3 Icouldseenothingbecausethelightwasfaint A 明亮B 昏暗C 灿烂4 Tomisverypolite buthisbrotherisquiterash A 礼貌B 谦虚C 粗鲁 Haveatry choosethebestanswers 互学析标 While Task Example Todaywasaveryhecticdayforme Iwokeuplate hurriedtotheoffice workeduntilfour wenttothestore cookeddinnerandwashedclothes IdidsomanythingsthatIwascertainlyverytired A 焦急的B 忙碌的C 悠闲的D 快乐的 Task2Guessingthemeaning 词义猜测 互学析标 While Task IspentaboutonehourwalkingaroundthecitytolookforBusNo 32 Thetricycle 三轮车 wasnice butitwasalittletooexpensiveforasmalldistance MaybeIwasrippedoffbytheguidewhorodeforme butitwasanenjoyable Theunderlinedphrase rippedoff means A 优惠B 退款C 骗钱D 免费 互学析标 While Task Task3Inferringaconclusion 推理判断 互学析标 While Task 3 推理判断题 这类题要求考生透过表面文字信息推测文字的隐含意思 对文章的发展情节及作者态度 意图等作出合乎逻辑的推理判断 它主要考查考生依据图表 短文内容及常识进行推理和判断的能力 主要提问方式有 1 Whatcanweknowaccordingtothepassage 2 Wecanguessthewriterofthepassagemaybea 3 Fromthepassagewecanknow 4 Thewriterwritesthispassageto 5 Thewritersuggeststhat 技巧点拨 解答此类题目时 考生要在阅读时抓住文章的主题和细节 从分析文章的结构入手 根据上下文的内在联系 充分挖掘文章的深层含义 对暗含在文章中的事件的因果关系 人物动机以及作者未言明的倾向 态度 意图 观点进行合乎逻辑的推理 分析和判断 同时 要善于抓住文章中实质性的东西 不要被表面的假象或似是而非的东西所迷惑 并注意在推断作者态度时力求从作者的观点去思考 切勿凭个人观点 习惯看法来选择答案 在一个寒冷冬天的夜晚 天气冷得让人不想出门 见习警员走在大街上 突然听到一个女子大喊 有人打劫啦 见习警员刚一回身 就见一个黑影朝着远处逃离 他立刻追了上去 但是这贼跑得飞快 警员追了八条街之后没影了 后来警员在一家商铺前看到了四个人 根据调查 犯人就在这四人当中 请你猜一猜谁是 A 正在闲暇百无聊赖抽烟的人B 正在手机通话的人C 正在聚精会神看报纸的人D 正在狼吞虎咽吃拉面的人 D 你能列举一些常见的提问方式吗 Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat Wecaninferfromthetextthat Fromthetextweknowthat Whatdoesthewritermean Whatdoesthestorytellus Task3Inferringaconclusion 推理判断 互学析标 While Task A cruellyB kindlyC fairlyD unfriendly A positive 肯定的 B neutral 中立的 C negative 否定的 D nervous 紧张的 此类问题常见的提问方式1 Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage 2 Thispassagemainlytalksabout 3 What sthemainideaoftheparagraphorpassage Task4 Findingoutthemainidea 主旨大意 互学析标 While Task 4 主旨大意题 此类考题多针对段落或短文的主题或标题来设题 主要提 问方式有 1 Whichisthebesttitleofthepassage 2 What sthemainideaofthepassage 3 Thispassagemainlytalksabout 主题句一般具有三个特点 1 表述的意思比较概括 相对其他句子来看 它的概括 性更为明显 2 句子结构比较简单 多数都不会采用长 难句的形式 3 段落中的其他句子起到解释支撑主题句的作用 在一篇短文或一个段落中 大部分主题句的出现情况有 以下三种 1 主题句在篇首或段首 主题句在篇首或段首的情况相当普遍 一般新闻报道 说 明文 议论文大都采用先总述后分述的方法 2 主题句在篇末或段末用归纳法写文章时 往往表述细节的句子在前 概括性的句子在后 并以此结尾 这种位于篇末或段末的主题句往往是对前面细节的总结 归纳或概括 3 无主题句 有时 一篇文章里并没有明显的主题句 需从文章出提炼 总结出文章的主题 常用技巧是首先找出每一段的中心意思 各段的中心意思往往都是围绕一个中心来展开的 或者是来说明一个问题的 这个中心或问题就是这篇文章的主题或中心意思 Example1Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth Experimentsshowthatsmokingcancausecancer Besidesthemostseriousillness smokingcanalsocauseotherhealthproblems Finally studieshaveshownitiseasyforsmokerstocatchcolds Whetheryougetanunimportantcoldorterriblecancer smokingisharmful Isitworthit Task4 findingoutthemainidea 主旨大意 互学析标 While Task Example2Oftennoonelooksmoreguiltythantheinnocent Ontheotherhand nobodymaylookmoreinnocentthanaprofessionalcriminal Andthemanwhoknows everything mayreallyonlybetryingtohidehisownweakness So itisfoolishtotrytojudgeapersononlybyhisappearance Task4 findingoutthemainidea 主旨大意 互学析标 While Task Task4 findingoutthemainidea 主旨大意 互学析标 While Task A 1 Giftsgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries InJapan giftsarenotopened Later thesamegiftmaybegivenawaytosomeoneelse InCanada manypeoplewillnotgivebiggiftstosomeoneelse Theywillpayforaparkbenchoratreetohelprememberaperson IntheUSA somepeopleasktheirfamiliesandfriendstogivemoneytocharityratherthanbuythemgifts InSweden doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift 互学析标 While Task Thispassageismainlyabout InCanada manypeoplewillnotgivebiggiftstosomeoneelse B InJapan giftsarenotopenedC InSweden doingsomethingforsomeoneisthebestgift D Giftsgivingisdifferentindifferentcountries 互学析标 While Task 2 Growingmushrooms 蘑菇 isprobablytheeasiestthingyoucandoevenifyouarenewtomushroomgrowing Itisbecomingmorecommonbecauserestaurantsarestartingtocreatemoredishesthatincludemushrooms Mushroomgrowingisnotdifficultanditiseasytostartedintheworldoffarming Youwillsoonpossiblybeabletoprovidesomeofthegreatcooksoftheworldwithhighqualitymushroomsthatwillbeenjoyedbythousandsofpeopleallovertheworld Thebesttitleofthepassageis A HealthymushroomsB ThevalueofmushroomsC HowtochoosemushroomsD Suggestionsongrowingmushrooms 1 速读问题 3 通读文章 2 寻找答案 4 核对答案 1 通读文章 3 寻找答案 2 速读问题 4 核对答案 促学化标 While Task Discussion Doyouknowthestepstodoreadingcomprehension 促学化标 While Task AnAustralia16 year oldgirl Jessicatookoffonhernon stoptriparoundtheworld onOctober18 2009 Jessicawasallaloneonheryacht 快艇 Shehadtofightagainststrongwinds wavesashighasmountains andloneliness inordertoproveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams whatevertheymightbe Jessicasailedaroundtheworldinorderto A writeabookaboutherselfB becomerichandfamousC wintheworld sadmirationD proveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams 促学化标 While Task AnAustralia16 year oldgirl Jessicatookoffonhernon stoptriparoundtheworld onOctober18 2009 Jessicawasallaloneonheryacht 快艇 Shehadtofightagainststrongwinds wavesashighasmountains andloneliness inordertoproveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams whatevertheymightbe Jessicasailedaroundtheworldinorderto A writeabookaboutherselfB becomerichandfamousC wintheworld sadmirationD proveyoungpeoplecanrealizetheirdreams A Youprobablyknowyoushouldsay please and thankyou atrestaurants Youprobablyknowtherulesofalibrary Youknowyoushouldrespectandbenicetoyourclassmates Butdoyouhavemusicmanners KeepItDown Youhavetonoticethevolumeofyourmusic Youshouldnotplayyourmusicsoloudthateveryonearoundyoucanhearit Somepeoplemightevengetangry Usually whenyouplaythemusicloudonanMP3player otherpeop