高中英语 破题致胜微方法（虚拟语气）虚拟语气之含蓄条件句.doc

虚拟语气之含蓄条件句“含蓄条件句”是指用介词短语的形式，起到代替条件句的作用。主句中的谓语动词仍可象虚拟条件句那样采用各种虚拟式。常使用的介词短语由but for, without构成。一. 典型例句1. without air, human being would not be able to survive. = if there were no air, human being would not be able to survive.如果没有空气，人类将无法生存。（与现在事实相反）2. the ship would have sunk with all on board but for the efforts of the caprain. =if it had not been the efforts of the caprain, the ship would have sunk with all on board.要不是船长的努力，我们就会连船带人都沉没了。（与过去事实相反）注意：without, but for暗示了条件，所以相当于虚拟条件句中的从句，它们所在的句子主干相当于虚拟条件句中的主句，所以谓语动词的形式应该和虚拟条件句中的主句谓语动词形式相同。虚拟的时间介词短语主句的谓语形式表示与现在事实相反without/but forwould（could/might/should）+do表示与过去事实相反would（could/might/should）+have done表示与将来事实相反would（could/might/should）+do二. 例题1. without the air to hold some of the suns heat, the earth at night _, too cold for us to live.a. would be freezing coldb. will be freezing cold c. can be freezing cold d. is freezing cold2. but for the english examination, i _last sunday.a.went to the concertb. would have gone to the concert c.would go to the concert d. had gone to the concert三. 总结含蓄条件句解题策略：1. but for,without= if.，后接虚拟语气2. but for,without所在句子的主干相当于虚拟条件句中的主句。3. 判断出时间，找出对应谓语动词形式虚拟的时间介词短语主句的谓语形式表示与现在事实相反without/but forwould（could/might/should）+do表示与过去事实相反would（could/might/should）+have done表示与将来事实相反would（could/might/should）+do四. 高考真题1. 【2015重庆卷】without his wartime experiences, hemingway _ his famous novel a farewell to arms.a. didnt writeb. hadnt writtenc. wouldnt writed. wouldnt have written2. without computer