黑龙江省齐齐哈尔市2016-2017学年高一英语下学期期中试题（含解析）.doc

20162017学年度下学期期中考试高一英语第一部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。akings college summer schoolkings college summer school is an annual training program for high school students at all levels who want to improve their english. courses are given by the teachers of kings college and other colleges in new york. trips to museums and culture centers are also organized. this years summer school will be from july 25 to august 15.more information is as follows:application datelstudents in new york should send their applications before july 18, 2017.lstudents of other cities should send their applications before july 16, 2017.lforeign students should send their applications before july 10, 2017.courseslenglish languagespoken english: 22 hoursreading and writing: 10 hourslamerican history: 16 hourslamerican culture: 16 hoursstepsla letter of self-introductionla letter of recommendationthe letters should be written in english with all the necessary information.costldaily lessons: $200lsports and activities: $100ltravels: $200lhotel service: $400you may choose to live with your friends or relatives in the same city.please write to:thompson, sanders1026 king s streetnew york, ny 10016, use-mail: kc-summer-school 1. which of the following is true about kings college summer school?a. only top students can take part in the program.b. kings college summer school is run every other year.c. visits to museums and culture centers are part of the program.d. only the teachers of kings college give courses.2. if you are to live with your relatives in new york, you will have to pay the school _.a. $200 b. $400c. $500 d. $9003. what information can you get from the text?a. the program will last two months.b. you can write to thompson only in english.c. as a chinese student, you can send your application on july 14, 2017.d. you can get in touch with the school by e-mail or by telephone.【答案】1. c 2. c 3. b【解析】试题分析：这篇短文介绍了参加“kings college summer school“培训项目的申请日期、申请步骤、培训课程、费用以及联系方式。1. c 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句“trips to museums and culture centers are also organized.”可知去博物馆和文化中心是活动的一部分内容。故应选c。2. c 判断推理题。根据cost费用这一栏，如果住在亲戚家，可以节省宾馆费用400美元，只需支付每日课程费用200美元、运动及活动费用100美元、旅游费用200美元，共计500美元。故应选c。3. b 细节理解题。根据steps这一栏“the letters should be written in english with all the necessary information.”可知自我介绍和推荐信都应该用英文书写。故应选b。考点：考查广告类阅读【名师点睛】阅读广告类短文时，应该在整体把握文章结构的前提下，主要注意细节信息。细节题题干都是相应原文的变形(如同义改写、词性转换等)，因此要找到答案一定要找到题干在原文中的出处，再把原文和选项相比较。做题时，根据所提问题用寻读、跳读的方法可达到事半功倍的效果。同时，在阅读时也要特别注意文中以粗体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示的文字，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或某一部分内容的概括。具体答题策略如下：1、先题后文：先读试题，了解考点；明确目的，快速捕捉，获取信息。2、题干定向：根据题干关键词到文中定位答案范围，按照题目顺序依次而下：问题与材料相同：对号入座；问题与原文相同：同义替换、归纳事实等。3、生词模糊：遇到生词；如无关答题，直接跳过；涉及答题，则根据语境、构词法等猜词。4、信息补全：对于影响理解的省略句，可根据语境，将其补全。bthe morning had been a disaster. my tooth was aching, and id been in an argument with a friend. her words still hurt：“the trouble with you is that you wont put yourself in my place. cant you see things from my point of view?”i shook my head stubbornlyand felt the ache in my tooth. id thought i could hold out till my dentist came back from holiday, but the pain was really unbearable. i started calling the dentists in the phone book, but no one could see me immediately. finally, at about lunchtime, i got lucky.“if you come by right now,” the receptionist said, “the dentist will fit you in.”i took my purse and keys and rushed to my car. but suddenly i began to doubt about the dentist. what kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice? why wasnt he as busy as the others?in the dentists office, i sat down and looked around. i saw nothing but the bare walls and i became even more worried. the assistant noticed my nervousness and placed her warm hand over my ice-cold one. when i told her my fears, she laughed and said, “dont worry. the dentist is very good.”“how long do i have to wait for him?” i asked impatiently.“come on, he is coming. just lie down and relax. and enjoy the artwork,” the assistant said.“the artwork?” i was puzzled.the chair went back, suddenly i smiled. there was a beautiful picture, right where i could enjoy it: on the ceiling. how considerate the dentist was! at that moment, i began to understand what my friend meant by her words.what a relief!4. which of the following best describes the authors feeling that morning?a. embarrassed. b. nervous.c. terrified d. upset.5. what made the author begin to doubt about the dentist?a. the dentists agreeing to treat her at very short notice.b. the dentists being as busy as the other dentists.c. the surroundings of the dentists office.d. the laughing assistant of the dentist.6. why did the author suddenly smile?a. because the dentist came at last.b. because she saw a picture on the ceiling.c. because she could relax in the chair.d. because the assistant kept comforting her.7. what did the author learn from her experience most probably?a. strike while the iron is hot.b. have a good word for ones friend.c. put oneself in others shoes.d. a friend in need is a friend indeed.【答案】4. d 5. a 6. b 7. c【解析】试题分析：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者在一个上午跟朋友争论后因牙痛而去看牙医的故事。文章告诉我们做任何事要学会换位思考，要站在对方的立场考虑问题。站在他人的角度，了解他人的境况、处世方式，人与人之间的关系才会更加和谐。4. a 推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知，作者那天上午和朋友发生了争吵，而且牙一直在疼，一直打电话给牙医，但是没有人能立即来，所以可推知那天上午作者很心烦(upset)。本题很容易选错，有的学生根据第四段中的my nervousness很可能会错选b项，其实不然，nervousness只是指作者看病时心里很紧张而不是那天上午整体的心理感受。5. b 细节理解题。根据第三段中的第三、四句“what kind of dentist would be so eager to treat someone at such short notice？why wasnt he as busy as the others？”可知答案为b项，作者怀疑的是为什么这个牙医在这么短的时间内就渴望看病人呢？为什么他不像别的牙医那样忙呢？6. c 细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“the artwork？i was puzzled.”可知，作者一开始对于牙医助理所说的the artwork感到困惑，后来发现天花板上有一幅美丽的图画，所以笑了，没想到牙医助理所说的艺术作品就是天花板上的一幅画，由此我们可知，是天花板上的一幅画让作者突然笑了起来。7. d 推理判断题。根据第一段中朋友所说的话“和你在一起的麻烦就是你不能换位思考。难道你不能从我的角度看待问题吗？”和倒数第二段中的最后一句“在那一刻，我开始明白了朋友的话”可知，选择d项(换位思考)。a项为“趁热打铁”；b项为“为某人的朋友说好话”；c项为“患难朋友才是真正的朋友”。以上三者均不符合题意。【名师点睛】关于细节理解题.考点：夹叙夹议文阅读cnatalie doan, 14, has always felt lucky to live in rockaway, new york. living just a few blocks from the beach, natalie can see the ocean and hear the waves from her house. “its the ocean that makes rockaway so special.” she says.on october 29, 2012, that ocean turned violent. that night, hurricane sandy struck the east coast, and rockaway was hit especially hard. fortunately, natalies family escaped to brooklyn shortly before the citys bridges closed.when they returned to rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins. many of natalies friends had lost their homes and were living far away. all around her, people were suffering, especially the elderly. natalies school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in brooklyn.in the following few days, the men and women helping rockaway recover inspired natalie. volunteers came with carloads of donated(捐献的)clothing and toys. neighbors devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild. teenagers climbed dozens of flights of stairs to deliver water and food to elderly people trapped in powerless high-rise buildings.“my mom tells me that i cant control what happens to me,” natalie says, “but i can always choose how i deal with it.”natalies choice was to help. she created a website page, matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help. natalie posted information about a boy named patrick, who lost his baseball and collection when his house burned down. within days, patricks collection was replaced.in the coming months, her website page helped lots of kids: christopher, who received a new basketball; charlie, who got a new keyboard. natalie also worked with other organizations to bring much-needed supplies to rockaway. her efforts made her a famous person. last april, she was invited to the white house and honored as a hurricane sandy champion of change.today, the scars(创痕) of destruction are still seen in rockaway, but hope is in the air. the streets are clear, and many homes have been rebuilt. “i cant imagine living anywhere but rockaway,” natalie declares. “my neighborhood will be back, even stronger than before.”8. when natalie returned to rockaway after the hurricane, she found _.a. some friends had lost their livesb. her neighborhood was destroyedc. her school had moved to brooklynd. the elderly were free from suffering9. according to paragraph 4, who inspired natalie most?a. the people helping rockaway rebuild.b. the people trapped in high-rise buildings.c. the volunteers donating money to survivors.d. local teenagers bringing clothing to elderly people.10. how did natalie help the survivors?a. she gave her toys to other kids.b. she took care of younger children.c. she called on the white house to help.d. she built an information sharing platform.11. what do you think is the best title of the passage?a. a girl helps make a differenceb. a hurricane disaster.c. home is best.d. technology is power.【答案】8. b 9. a 10. d 11. a【解析】试题分析：natalie是一个14岁的孩子，她生活的地方遭到了飓风桑迪的袭击，受灾严重。看到人们在帮助家乡重建，natalie也加入了进去，natalie创建网站来分享求助信息，帮助捐赠者找到需要帮助的人。natalie的行为得到了社会的认可，她受到了表扬。8. b细节理解题。根据第三段“many of natalies friends had lost their homes and were living far away.”排除a；根据第三段“natalies school was so damaged that she had to temporarily attend a school in brooklyn”可知，学校没有搬走，而是natalie暂时去brooklyn上学，排除c；根据“people were suffering, especially the elderly”排除d；根据“when they returned to rockaway the next day, they found their neighborhood in ruins.”可知，他们的街区被飓风毁了，故选b。9. a推理判断题。根据第四段“in the following few days, the men and women helping rockaway recover inspired natalie.”可知，那些帮助rockaway恢复重建的人使natalie最受鼓舞，故选a。10. d细节理解题。根据倒数第三段“she created a website page matching survivors in need with donors who wanted to help.”可知，natalie创建了一个网站来分享和匹配求助信息和捐赠信息，故选d。11. a写作意图题。根据倒数第二段“her efforts made her a famous person. last april, she was invited to the white house and honored as a hurricane sandy champion of change.”可知，natalie的助人行为得到了社会的认可，她受到了表扬，这说明小人物也可以有大作为，故选a。考点：人物故事类短文阅读。【名师点睛】故事类文章是高考阅读理解常选体裁之一。这类文章常通过叙述突出人物性格特征或讲述个人的经历与感悟，以及逸闻趣事。文章的要素有时间、地点、人物、事件等。有些是按事件发展的经过为主线叙述的，在叙述的过程中有详有略；有些是按时间的顺序叙述的，有顺叙、倒叙等。解题技巧：1. 高考选用的此类文章常常为幽默类或情感类故事，其目的或阐明某种观点，或抨击某种陋习，或赞扬某种品德，所以要关注作者表达的个人感悟，提出的个人意见，或故事中出其不意的变化，而这些往往体现文章的中心或写作意图，属于必考点。如本题中的第62题：通过natalie帮助他人的行为告诉读者小人物也可以有大作为这一道理。2. 该类文章语言流畅、有趣，命题往往从故事的情节、人物或事件之间的关系、作者的意图和态度、故事的前因后果等方面入手，考查学生的细节辨认能力以及推理判断能力。这类文章同学们常有文章易懂，题目不易做的感觉。要注意培养快速阅读的习惯。切不可在个别难懂的词句上停留太久，耽误时间。3. 对整篇短文内容有了一定的了解后，要马上看短文后的问题，带着问题去选择或判断答案。要确定所需查找的信息范围，并注意所查找信息的特点。例如：如果问题或选项涉及到人名、地名，就应该找首字母大写的单词；如果问题或选项涉及时间、日期、数字，就应该寻找具体的数据。da popular saying goes, “sticks and stones may break my bones, but words will never hurt me.” however, thats not really true. words have the power to build us up or tear us down. it doesnt matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves the positive(积极的) and negative(消极的) effects are just as lasting.we all talk to ourselves sometimes. were usually too embarrassed to admit it, though. in fact, we really shouldnt be because more and more experts believe talking to ourselves out loud is a healthy habit.this “self-talk” helps us motivate(激励) ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down. be aware, though, that as much as 77% of self-talk tends to be negative. so in order to stay positive, we should only speak words of encouragement to ourselves. we should also be quick to give ourselves a pat on the back. the next time you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying “good job!”often, words come out of our mouths without us thinking about the effect they will have. but we should be aware that our words cause certain responses in others. for example, when returning an item to a store, we might use warm, friendly language during the exchange. and the clerk will probably respond in a similar manner. however, harsh and critical language will most probably cause the clerk to be defensive.words possess power because of their lasting effect. many of us regret something we once said. and we remember unkind words said to us! before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: is it loving? is it needed? if what we want to say doesnt pass this test, then its better left unsaid.words possess power: both positive and negative. those around us receive encouragement when we speak positively. we can offer hope, build self-esteem(自尊) and motivate others to do their best. negative words destroy all those things. will we use our words to hurt or to heal? the choice is ours.12. the main idea of the first paragraph is that _.a. not sticks and stones but words will hurt usb. inspiring words give us confidencec. negative words may let us downd. words have a lasting effect on us13. there is no sense for us to feel embarrassed when we talk to ourselves because _.a. almost everybody has the habit of talking to themselvesb. we can benefit (受益) from talking to ourselvesc. talking to ourselves always gives us couraged. it does no harm to have “self-talk” when we are alone14. the underlined part in the third paragraph means that we should also timely_.a. remind ourselvesb. praise ourselvesc. make ourselves relaxedd. give ourselves entertainment15. the author would probably hold the view that _.a. encouraging words are sure to lead to kind offersb. negative words may stimulate us to make more progressc. people tend to remember friendly wordsd. it is better to think twice before talking to others【答案】12. d 13. b 14. b 15. d【解析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了言语对人们既有积极影响，又有消极影响，并且这种影响是持续的。其中自我鼓励的言语对我们有重要的积极意义。我们要注意使用恰当的言语回应别人。12. 主旨大意题。根据“it doesnt matter if the words come from someone else or ourselves the positive and negative (消极否定的)effects are just as lasting.”可知，不管言语出自他人还是我们自己，它的积极与消极影响都是持续的。故选d。13. 细节理解题。根据“this “self-talk” helps us motivate(激励) ourselves, remember things, solve problems, and calm ourselves down.”可知，这种“自言自语”能帮助我们激励自己、记住事情、解决问题、让自己冷静。故选b。14. 细节理解题。根据“the next time you finish a project, do well in a test, or finally clean your room, join me in saying good job!”，下次你完成一个项目、在测试中表现优异或终于清理了房间时，跟我一起对自己说“干得好！”，可推断横线部分意思为要经常鼓励自己。故选b。15. 细节理解题。根据“before speaking, we should always ask ourselves: is it loving? is it needed?”可知，在说话前我们要问自己这些话语是否合适，因此在和别人说话前要三思。故选d。第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries._16_ in general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. one reason for this is biological.one important biological factor(因素) that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. _17_ between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). these hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow. in fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks._18_ they help the body defend itself against some kinds of infections. this means that women generally get sick less often and less seriously than men. the common cold is a good example: women, on average, get fewer colds than men._19_ scientists are still not exactly sure how genes influence aging, but they believe they do. some think that a womans body cells have a tendency(倾向) to age more slowly than a mans. others think that a man s body cells have a tendency to age more quickly._20_a. however, women, on average, live longer.b. the biological factor plays an important part.c. women are also helped by their female genes.d. the female hormones also protect the body in another way.e. recent research seems to support both of these possibilities.f. therefore, women are more healthy than men and can live a better life.g. hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions.【答案】16. a 17. g 18. d 19. c 20. e【解析】试题分析：本文介绍了女性比男性寿命长的原因。16. 根据空格下一句“一般说，女性比男性多活6到7年”可知此处的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性寿命更长。故选a。17. 根据空格上句“男性和女性之间荷尔蒙的不同帮助女性活得更久”可知此空的意思是：荷尔蒙是身体分泌的控制身体各种功能的化学物质。故选g。18. 根据下句“它们帮助身体本身抵抗各种感染”可知此空的意思是：女性荷尔蒙也用另一种方式保护身体。故选d。19. 根据下句“科学家仍然没有确切地表明基因怎样影响变老，但是他们认为基因确实在影响变老”可知上句：女性基因也在帮助女性。20. 根据空格前两句“一些人认为女性的身体细胞有比男性老化慢的倾向，另一些人认为男性的身体细胞有老化较快的倾向”可知e项“最近的研究似乎支持这两种可能”符合题意。故选e。考点：考查信息匹配第二部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。one day, a professor entered the classroom and asked his students to prepare for a surprise test. they waited anxiously at their desks for the test to begin. the professor _21_the question papers, with the text facing down as usual. _22_he handed them all out, he asked his students to _23_the page and begin. to everyones surprise, there were no _24_just a black dot (点) in the center of the page. the professor, seeing the expression on everyones face, told them the following:“i want you to write what you _25_there.”the students, _26_, got started on the inexplicable (令人费解的) task.at the end of the class, the professor _27_all the answer papers and started reading each one of them aloud in front of all the students. all of them, with no _28_, described the black dot, trying to explain its position in the middle of the sheet, etc. after all had been _29_, the classroom was silent, the professor began to explain:im not going to grade this. i _30_wanted to g