高中宾语从句_ppt.ppt

宾语从句TheObjectClause Iknowhim 2 Iknowwhoheis 主语 谓语 宾语 简单句 主语 谓语 宾语从句 连词 从句主语 从句谓语 主句 复合句 宾语从句的概念 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语 句子结构 主句 连词 引导词 宾语从句 第一讲 宾语从句的引导词 由从属连词that引导的宾语从句 由连接代词Who whom whose which what和连接副词where how why when引导的宾语从句 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 一 连词 引导词 1 当宾语从句是陈述句时 包括肯定句和否定句 连词由that引导 因为that在从句中不作任何成分 也没有任何具体意思 因此在口语或非正式文体中常省略 LinTaofeels that hisownteamisevenbetter Shesays that shewon ttakepartinthesportsmeetingnextSunday Jimthought that thetrainwaslikeabigmovingparty Hesaid that hewouldliketoseetheheadmaster 在主句为动词be加某些形容词 如sorry sure afraid glad等 作表语时 后面所跟的省略that的从句也可算是宾语从句 I msorry that Idon tknow We resure that ourteamwillwin I mafraid that hewon tpasstheexam 注 that在句中无词汇意义 在从句中不能充当成分 在口语当中往往省略 e g Ihear that 一小时后他会回来 Hesaid that 他非常想念我们 Theteachertoldus that 地球围着太阳转 hewillbebackinanhour hemissedusverymuch theearthmovesaroundthesun 2 当宾语从句是一般疑问句时 由连词whether或if引导 口语中常用if 因为if whether翻译成 是否 具有一定的意义 所以不能省略 Lilywantedtoknowif whetherhergrandmalikedthehandbag Let sseeif whetherwecanfindoutsomeinformationaboutthatcity Sheaskedmeif whethershecouldborrowthesebooks 由从属连词whether if引导的宾语从句 e g 1 Iwanttoknow 他是否跟我们一起去公园 2 Askhim 他是否能来 3 Idon tknow 是否要下雨 if whether hewillgototheparkwithus whether if hecancome whetheritisgoingtorainornot 1 当句末为ornot时 引导词只能用whether而不能用if 2 在介词后面 引导词只能用whether而不能用if 3 在动词不定式前 引导词只能用whether而不能用if 1 在动词不定式之前只能用whether 如 Ican tdecidewhethertostay 我不能决定是否留下2 在whether ornot的固定搭配中 如 Iwanttoknowwhetherit sgoodnewsornot 3 在介词后 只能用whether 如 Hisfatherisworriedaboutwhetherhelosehiswork 他的父亲担心是否会失去工作 4 宾语从句放在句首表示强调时 只能用whether 如 Whethertheycanfinishtheworkontimeisstillaproblem 他们是否能准时完成这项工作还是个问题 3 当宾语从句是特殊疑问句时 由连接代词 what who whom which whose 或连接副词 when where how why 引导 因为连接代词或连接副词在从句中担任一定的句子成分 具有一定的意义 所以不可以省略 Doyouknowwhathesaidjustnow Idon trememberwhenwearrived IaskedhimwhereIcouldgetsomuchmoney Pleasetellmewho whom wehavetosee Doyouknowwhattimetheplaneleaves 由连接代词what whom whose which what及连接副词when where how why引导的宾语从句 1 Heasked 谁能回答这个问题 2 Doyouknow 他们在等谁 3 Heasked 谁的书法是班上最好的 4 Pleasetellme 我们什么时候开会 5 Canyoutellme 他在哪儿 6 Couldyoutellme 我该怎么去车站 7 Wouldyoutellme 为什么火车迟到了 whocouldanswerthequestion whomtheyarewaitingfor whosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass whenwe llhaveameeting whereheis howIcangettothestation whythetrainislate 带how的词组也都可以引导宾语从句 Couldyoutellushowoftenyougoabroadforaholiday Couldyoutellushowlongthemeetingwilllast Idon tknowhowfaritistothecinema Pleasetellushowmanystudentsthereareinyourschool Canyoutellushowoldhisbrotheris Pleasetellushowsoonyouwillbeready CouldyoutellushowmuchitcoststoflytoHainan 1 Theyoungmanasked it ssummerorwinter A eitherB thatC weatherD whether2 Wedon tknow theydidit A howB whoC whatD which3 Theteacherasksus Jimcancomebackontime A thatB ifC whenD whattime4 Doesanybodyknow wewillhaveasportsmeetingthisweekendornot A ifB whereC whetherD that D A B C 5 Iwonder heiscryingnow A thatB whyC howD when6 Haveyoufoundout wecandoonHainanIsland A whatB howC ifD whether7 Lilysaid shehadfinishedhercomposition A ifB thatC whenD where8 Idon tknow hestillliveshere A whereB whatC whenD whether B A B D 二 时态1 如果主句是现在的时态 包括一般现在时 现在进行时 现在完成时 从句的时态可根据实际情况而定 包括一般现在时 一般过去时 一般将来时 现在完成时等 Iknowheliveshere Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow 第二讲 宾语从句的时态 2 如果主句是过去的时态 包括一般过去时 过去进行时 那么从句的时态一定要用相对应的过去的某种时态 包括一般过去时 过去进行时 过去将来时 过去完成时 Iknewwholivedhere Isawshewastalkingwithhermother Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebacktomorrow Hesaidthathehadseenit 3 当从句是客观真理 定义 公理 定理时用一般现在时 Theteachersaidthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun 1 Ididn tknowwhattimehe theletter write 2 MissWangtoldmethattheearth move roundthesun 3 Couldyoutellmewho awaythebookalready take 4 LingFengtoldmehe toShanghaiseveraltimes be 5 Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun intheeast rise 6 Canyoutellmewhatthey yesterday do wrote moves hastaken hadbeen rises did 三 语序宾语从句的语序用陈述语序 连接词 主语 谓语 其他成分 第三讲 宾语从句的语序 例如 Wheredoeshelive Idon tknow Idon tknowwherehelives 1 Whenwillhegotothelibrary Hisbrotheraskswhenhewillgotothelibrary Hisbrotheraskswhenwillhegotothelibrary 2 Whatdoeshewanttobuy Idon tknowwhathewantstobuy Idon tknowwhatdoeshewanttobuy 3 Whoarewegoingtomeet Canyoutellmewhowearegoingtomeet Canyoutellmewhoarewegoingtomeet 4 DoesheknowFrench Wewanttoknowif whetherheknowsFrench Wewanttoknowif whetherdoesheknowFrench 5 WilltheygotoCanadainsummer They renotsureif whethertheywillgotoCanadainsummer They renotsureif whetherwilltheygotoCanadainsummer 1 DidthestudentshaveapicniclastSunday Doyouknow 2 Mr SmithhavebeeninChinaforaboutthreeyears JimtoldLinTao Doyouknowif whetherthestudentshadapicniclastSunday JimtoldLinTao that MrSmithhadbeenin