专四词汇练习与辨析00.doc

Vocabulary of TEM 452. It was suggested that all government ministers should _ information on their financial interests.Discoveruncovertelldisclose考点：同义词辨析：discover - reveal or expose uncover - manifest or disclose; reveal: tell - discover by observation; discern: disclose - make known (something heretofore kept secret)答案：D53. As my exams are coming next week, Ill take advantage of the weekend to _ on some reading.catch upclear upmake uppick up考点：词组辨析：catch up on - bring an activity nearer to completion: I must catch up on my correspondence. clear up - make tidy: Clear up this litter at once. make up - make up for, make up along, make up over, make up to pick up - take into the mind and understand, typically with speed: picked up on the new approach and applied it to the project.答案：D54. Im surprised they are no longer on speaking terms. Its not like either of them to bear a _.Disgustcursegrudgehatred考点：同义词（动宾的搭配）辨析：disgust - profound aversion or repugnance excited by something offensive: arouse awaken / cause / evoke disgust; feel disgust; hide disgust; return disgust; show disgust; take a disgust curse - an appeal or prayer for evil or misfortune to befall someone or something: call down curse; give curse; heap curses on; pronounce a curse on grudge - a deep-seated feeling of resentment or rancor: bear a grudge about the accident: bear a grudge hatred - intense animosity or hostility: bear sb. hatred; bear hatred against sb.; conceive a profound hatred for; create hatred; feel hatred; hold a special hatred for; have a hatred for答案：C55. Mary hopes to be _ from hospital next week.dismisseddischargedexpelledresigned考点：同义词辨析：dismiss - end the employment or service of; discharge; allow to leave: be dismissed from school service / classdischarge - release, as from confinement, care, or duty: discharge a patient; discharge a soldier; be discharged from hospital military service / from prison / officeexpel - force to leave; deprive of membership: expelled the student from college for cheating: be expelled from a country schoolresign - give up (a position, for example), especially by formal notification: resign from cabinet committee The professor resigned from his university. Resign to 答案：B56. Once a picture is proved to be a forgery, it becomes quite _.Invaluable pricelessunworthyworthless考点：易混淆词辨析：invaluable - of inestimable value; priceless:priceless - of inestimable worth; invaluable.unworthy - lacking value or merit; worthless - a man unworthy of honor; unworthy of the times in which we live; unworthy to attention unworthy ofworthless - lacking worth; of no use or value: The goods are often worthless by the time they arrive. 注意：invaluable 不是valuable的反义词。表示某物毫无价值时用worthless 或not worth anything : I started collecting his pictures when they werent worth anything.答案：D57. Jimmy earns his living by _ works of art in the museum. recovering restoringrenewingreviving考点：同义词辨析：recover - restore (oneself) to a normal state: She soon recovered herself and stopped crying. recover ones health; recover from fatigue illnessrestore - bring back to an original condition: restore a building; The picture was cleverly restored. renew - make new or as if new again; restore: renew the antique chair; a coat renewed in places; renew ones friendship with sb.revive - return to validity, effectiveness, or operative condition: The fresh air soon revived him. revive an old custom. 答案：B58. I couldnt sleep last night because the tap in the bathroom was _.drainingdroppingspillingdripping考点：形近词辨析：drain - cause liquid to go out from; empty：drained the bathtub; drain the pond.drop - fall in drops spill - accidentally pour something onto something: Water spilled from the pail. The ink has spilt on the desk.drip - slowly and steadily falls one drop after another: Water is dripping from that leaky faucet. The boy dripped with rain. In the intense heat, sweat was dripping into his eyes, making it hard to see.In a word, when liquid moves or comes out of somewhere, such words as pour, flow, come out, leak, and drip are often used.答案：D59. The book gives a brief _ of the course of his research up till now.outlinereferenceframeoutlook考点： 同义词辨析：outline - a statement summarizing the important points of a text reference - a work frequently used as a sourceframe - a general structure or systemoutlook - a point of view; an attitudeIn short, we usually use the word such as summary or outline to refer to a short statement giving the main ideas or facts of something答案：A60. She was standing outside in the snow, _ with cold.spinningshiveringskatingstaggering考点：同义形近词辨析：spin - cause to rotate swiftly; twirlshiver - shake because you feel coldskate - move on a pair of sharp-edged steel blades to be fastened to a boot for moving smoothly over ice.stagger - move or stand unsteadily, as if under a great weight答案：BIn short, we usually use the word such as shake, tremble or shiver to refer to the situation when someones body, hands etc. shakes because you are frightened, nervous, angry or feel cold, for example:My hands were shaking so much I could hardly write.That dog sat trembling in the corner.Julia shivered and pulled her coat more tightly around her.61. All the rooms on the second floor have nicely _ carpets, which are included in the price of the house.adaptedequippedsuitedfitted考点：近义易混淆词辨析：adapt - make suitable to or fit for a specific use or situation.equip - supply with necessities such as tools or provisions.suit - make appropriate or suitable; adaptfit - put into place答案：DGenerally speaking, we usually use such words as put in, install, fit, when referring to “to put equipment in a place and make it ready to be used”. For example:The workmen are coming to put in the new windows today.The company is installing a new computer system.All the new cars are fitted with alarms.We decided to fit bars to the ground floor windows.62. He plays tennis to the _ of all other sports.eradicationexclusionextensioninclusion考点：词组辨析：to the exclusion of是词组。eradication 是eradicate= put an end to的名词, 不能与to the of 构成词组。能与extension构成词组的结构是 the extension of（延长）如: the extension of education 教育普及； the extension of a treaty条约有效期的延长；an extension to a factory 工厂的扩建部分inclusion 与inclusion 成对，能构成的词组有the inclusion of, 如：I do not agree to the inclusion of Sally in the party.答案：B63. She answered with an _ “No” to the request that she attend the public hearing.eloquenteffectiveemotionalemphatic考点：词义辨别辨析：eloquent - persuasive: an eloquent speaker;effective - strikingemotional - of or relating to emotion:emphatic - expressed with emphasis:答案：D 64. Everyone who has visited the city agrees that it is _ with life.vibrantviolentenergeticfull考点：词汇量与搭配辨析：vibrant - vigorous, lively, and vital: the vibrant streets of a big city violent - having or showing great emotional force: violent dislike.energetic - active and able to work hard: He is an energetic boy.full - filled completely: a man full of new ideas答案：A 四个选项中能与with 搭配的形容词只有vibrant。如：a city vibrant with life and energy充满活力的城市； The drama is vibrant with life all through. 全剧充满了生气。 a nation vibrant with enthusiasm富有热情的民族energetic可后接to，如：be energetic to the uttermostfull常与of连用，如：be full of anxiety; a mind full of doubts; The river is full of fish.65. We met Mary and her husband at a party two months ago, _ weve had no further communication.ThereofTherebyThereafterThereabouts 考点：词汇量与形似词辨析：thereof - from that cause or origin; therefromthereby - by that means; because of thatthereafter - from a specified time onward; from then onthereabouts - near that place, about there:答案：C2003年54. At three thousand feet, wide plains begin to appear, and there is never a moment when some distant mountain is not _.on viewat a glanceon the scenein sight考点：短语辨析：on view - placed so as to be seen; exhibitedat a glance - at a quick lookon the scene - on the place where an action or event occursin sight - able to be seen答案：D55. The first two stages in the development of civilized man were probably the invention of weapons and the discovery of fire, although nobody knows when he acquired the use of the _.latterlatestlaterlast考点：易混淆词辨析：latter - being the second of two persons or things mentionedlatest - something that is the most recent or current of its kind:later - comparative form of latelast - coming after all others in time or order答案：A56. It will take us twenty minutes to go to the railway station, _ traffic delays.acknowledging affordingallowing foraccounting for考点：词汇量辨析：acknowledge - admit the existence, reality, or truth of: acknowledge a mistake / They acknowledged having been defeated.afford - be able to meet the cost of: I can hardly afford to neglect my work. / I can ill afford to pay the dictionary. / I can only afford the cheapest.allow for - take a possibility into account: allow for the circumstances 考虑到具体情况/ The journey usually takes six days but you should allow for delays caused by bad weather. 这段旅程通常需要6天，但你应当考虑到坏天气造成的延误。account for - provide an explanation or justification: He is ill, that accounts for his absence. / How do you account for the accident?答案：C57. He will have to _ his indecent behavior one day.answer toanswer foranswer backanswer about考点：词组辨析：answer to - have the name of: The dog answer to the name of Tom. / correspond to: The man does not answer to the description given. / This dictionary answers precisely to our needs.answer for - be responsible for: You will answer for your wrongdoing one day. answer back - impolitely interrupt esp. when scolded: When your mother scolds you, you shouldnt answer (her back.answer about - 答案：B58. With _ exception, the former president does not appear in public now.rareunusualextraordinaryunique考点：同义词辨析：rare - something that is rare does not happen often: The disease is rare, but very dangerous. / On the rare occasions when I do go to the theatre, I really enjoy it.unusual - not usual, common, or ordinary. different from what usually happens: We had a thunderstorm last night, which is unusual in the time of the year.extraordinary - highly exceptional; remarkable: extraordinary weather; / a man of extraordinary geniusunique - unusual; being the only one of its kind use this word especially about things or people that you think are extremely good: The exhibition provides a unique opportunity to see all of the artists work.答案： AWhen we express “almost never”, we have such words as hardly ever; rarely, seldom.When we refer to “not what usually happens” we often use such words as unusual, special, exceptional, or uncommon.59. We have been hearing _ accounts of your work.favoredfavorablefavoritefavoring考点：形容词的特性辨析：favored - showing more favor to one (person, etc.) than to another: favorable - giving or showing approval; helpful: a favorable report on ones work; / Is he favorable to the proposal?favorite - liked or preferred above all others; regarded with special favor: favoring - supporting答案：B60. During the summer holiday season there are no _ rooms in this seaside hotel.emptyblankdesertedvacant考点：同义词辨析：empty - having nothing insideblank - devoid of writing, images, or marks:deserted - being left without help or supportvacant - not occupied or used by anyone: a vacant roomIf a container, bottle, or glass has nothing inside it, we say it is empty. For example: The box was empty - all the money was gone.If a room, building, town, or place has nothing or no one in it, we often use such words as empty, free, bare, deserted, uninhabited. For example: I think theres a free table in the corner. / The little church was bare and cold. / We ran along the deserted beach. / The castle is now uninhabited.If a screen, tape, or piece of paper has nothing written or recorded on it, we say it is blank: I want to record the film. Do we have any blank video cassettes? / Tom started at the blank sheet of paper in front of him.答案：D61. Drive straight ahead, and then you will see a _ to the Shanghai-Nanjing Expressway.signmarksignalboard考点：近义词辨析：sign - something with words or shapes on it, which is put in a public place to show the name of a building, town, etc. or to give a warning or information: / something that suggests the presence or existence of a fact, condition, or quality: Didnt you see the speed limit signs? / The sign said “No smoking”.mark - an inscription, name, stamp, label, or seal placed on an article to signify ownership, quality, manufacture, or originsignal - an indicator, such as a gesture or colored light, that serves as a means of communicationboard - a long, flat slab of sawed lumber; a plankSimply to say, the usual collocation is “traffic sign / road sign”答案：A62. Whenever possible, Ian _ how well he speaks Japanese.shows upshows aroundshows offshows out考点：词组辨析：show up - expose or reveal the true character or nature of: The master tried not to show the boy up as a thief.show around - conduct with direction: The guards showed the visitors around.show off - display in order to attract notice: She loves showing off.show out - take leave of a person: After the interview, the secretary showed the applicant out of the Board room.答案：C63. The tenant left nothing behind except some _ of paper, cloth, etc.sheetsscrapspagesslices考点：易混淆词辨析：sheet - a flat thin piece of glass, paper etc.:sheet of glass / paper / steel / metal / The roof is made of sheets of corrugated iron.scrap - a small (usually unwanted) piece : He made some pretty bags out of scraps of curtain material.page - one side of a leaf, as of a book, letter, newspaper, or manuscript, especially the entire leaf: tore a page from the bookslice - a thin flat piece of food that you cut from a larger piece: Have a slice of bread and butter.答案：B64. Shares on the stock market have _ as a result of a worldwide economic downturn.turnedchangedfloatedfluctuated考点：近义词辨析：turn - get by buying and selling:change - give or receive the equivalent of (money) in lower denominations or in foreign currency.float - find a level in relationship to other currencies solely in response to the law of supply and demand: allowed the dollar to float.fluctuate - cause to rise and fall or vary irregularly: fluctuating prices / Prices fluctuate from year to year.答案：D65. I think you can take a(n) _ language course to improve your Eermediate middlemediummid考点：近义词与习惯搭配辨析： intermediate - lying or occurring between two extremes or in a middle position or statemiddle - central:medium - middle quality or degree: stick to a happy medium (avoid extremes)mid - middle: from mid March to mid April答案：A在语言习得理论中有一个术语叫 “intermediate language”，翻译成汉语是“中介语”。2002年52. The police have offered a large _ for information leading to the robbers arrest.awardcompensationprizereward考点：近义词辨析：award - something that someone wins for achieving something important or doing something very well: One of the firefighters was given an award for pensation - Something, such as money, given or received as payment or reparation, as for a service or loss: make compensation for sb.s lossesprize - something that is given to the person who wins a competition, game, or race: The prize is a 3-week holiday in the Bahamas.reward - something, especially money, that you give someone because they have done something good or helpful: The police say there is a $50,000 reward for any information that helps them find the killer.答案： DSuch words as prize, cup, medal, award are often used to refer to something that you get when you win.Such words as present, gift, reward are used to refer to something you give someone on a special occasion, or in order to thank them.53. I arrived at the airport so late that I _ missed the plane.onlyquitenarrowlyseldom考点：词义辨析辨析：only - with the final result; nevertheless： The failure only strengthened our determinationquite - actually; really: I dont quite follow you, sirnarrowly - only just; with little to spare: He narrowly escaped drowning. 差点淹死/ narrowly miss the target 差点击中目标seldom - not often; infrequently or rarely: The monitor is a person who seldom asks a boon of others.答案：C54. The popularity of the film shows that the reviewers fears were completely _.unjustifiedunjustmisguidedunaccepted考点：词义辨析辨析：unjustified - unreasonable: unjust - unfairmisguided - foolish and wrong (because of bad or wrong guidance or influence)unaccepted - not encountered or not recognized答案：A55. The head of the museum was _ and let us actually examine the ancient misingagreeingpleasingobliging考点：ing形式的形容词辨析：promising - likely to develop in a desirable manner: a promising youth / a promising youthagreeing - pleasing - agreeable; giving pleasure or enjoyment: a pleasing look / a very well mannered and pleasing young manobliging - ready to do favors for others; willing to help: obliging neighbors / be obliging to ever