（课标版）云南省中考英语总复习 第一部分 基础知识梳理 课时11 八下7试题.doc

第一部分 基础知识梳理课时11 八7. 单项填空1. (2017温州)seeing a bird resting by the window, the boy moved _ to have a look at it.a. politely b. quietly c. easily d. safely2. (2017昆明官渡区二模)i really hope to get into a good high school. what can i do?you should make an _ to improve your grades.a. effort b. decision c. example d. difference3. my mother spent much time preparing these _ and they tasted very delicious. a. spoons b. pieces c. dishes d. bowls4. for teenagers, its more important to _their interest in studies than get good grades.a. develop b. mention c. collect d. discuss5. the chinese poetry conference(中国诗词大会) on cctv is a great _.you are right. more and more people begin to enjoy the beauty of poems.a. project b. successc. chance d. experiment6. i think the movie dangal is worth _. i have seen it three times.a. watching b. watchc. to watch d. watched7. why do people usually order a bowl of _ on their birthdays?because they are a symbol of long life.a. eggs b. cakes c. noodles d. cookies8. youd better _the meat first before you make dumplings.a. take up b. clean upc. give up d. cut up9. the _of education is teaching a man fishing rather than giving him fish.a. purpose b. advantagec. pleasure d. success10. sometimes life isnt as perfect as we _. we should accept disappointment in our life, and never lose heart.a. imagine b. finish c. mind d. know11. before ordering dishes in a restaurant, the waiters usually pass you a_. a. menu b. guest c. bill d. food12. what do you think of your job now?ive never _ making the decision because the job is worth all my efforts.a. regretted b. refusedc. returned d. realized. 完形填空(2017昭通昭阳区二模)a daughter complained to her father about her life and how things were hard for her. she did not know _1_ to make it and wanted to give up.her father，a cook, _2_ her to the kitchen.he filled three pots(锅) _3_ water and put each on a high fire.in the first pot he placed carrots，in the second one, he put eggs，and in the last one, he placed coffee beans. he let them boil, _4_ saying a word. the daughter had no idea what he was trying to do. twenty _5_ later，he turned off the fire, took the carrots out and put them in a bowl, the eggs on a plate，and the coffee in a glass.he asked his daughter，“darling，what do you _6_ ？” “carrots，eggs，and coffee，”she replied. he brought her _7_ and asked her to feel the carrots. she did and noticed that they were soft. he then asked her to take an egg and break it. after peeling off the shell, she observed the hardboiled egg. finally, he asked her to drink a little of the coffee. the daughter _8_ the taste of coffee and smiled. she asked，“what does it mean, father？”he explained that _9_ of them had faced the same adversity(逆境)boiling water. however, they had different results.the carrots went in strong and hard. but after going through boiling water, it became soft and weak. the inside of the egg became hard in the boiling water. the coffee beans turned the water into tasty coffee. “which are you？”he asked his daughter. when adversity knocks on your door，which one will you choose to be？a carrot，an egg or a coffee bean？it all _10_ you! 1. a. what b. how c. where d. which2. a. take b. takes c. took d. taking3. a. with b. in c. of d. for4. a. with b. without c. at d. after5. a. minutes b. hours c. seconds d. months6. a. read b. watch c. look d. see7. a. higher b. faster c. closer d. longer8. a. forgot b. rememberedc. hated d. enjoyed9. a. neither b. both c. each d. none10. a. depends on b. insists onc. puts on d. takes up.阅读理解awe buy all kinds of foods from the market. we have food every day. do you ever think about how these foods come to our tables?food scientists use scientific methods from physics, chemistry and biology to make foods healthy, safe, tasty and easy to cook. some food scientists pay attention to the taste and “mouth feel” of foods. they found that highfat foods usually had a very good mouth feel. it is not healthful to eat too many highfat foods. so food scientists try to develop lowfat foods that have the same mouth feel. other food scientists pay attention to nutrition(营养). they may study adding vitamins(维生素) and minerals(矿物质) to many kinds of breads. this can help people avoid some health problems. adding vitamin d to fruit juice helps kids get enough vitamin d. without them, a persons bones are not hard enough to support the persons weight.food scientists study at least four years of food science in college. they work in the food processing industry. some work in universities. some work in the government.1. food scientists use scientific methods from physics, chemistry and biology to make foods healthy, safe, tasty and easy to cook.2. food scientists found that lowfat foods usually had a very good mouth feel.3. food scientists always add vitamins and minerals to foods to make people healthier.4. a persons bones are not hard enough to support the persons weight if he doesnt have enough vitamins.5. food scientists study food science at least four years in college and then work in the government.bits said that in some parts of the world, people are facing the problem of hunger. _1_here are some tips about how to save food in daily life：cook from the fridgestart with the fresh food. _2_ make a meal with what you have got instead of running out to the supermarket for something else. youll probably save more time by using whats on hand.learn to read the labels (标签)“bestbefore” and “useby” dates are more important. _3_ for example, black bananas are proper for baking, fresh vegetables are good in soups, bread that is not fresh can be turned into small pieces.use the freezer (冷冻室)the freezer can keep food fresh until you are ready to cook it, then store the cooked food until youre ready to eat it. _4_ mark the date of the food nearby, so its easy to find the food you need to eat first and will never leave it there for too long.shop with a list5_ doing this helps reduce food waste because its possible to buy too much of a certain food and then forget to eat or cook it later.a. plan meals ahead of time so that you know exactly what to buy. b. if you have some in the fridge, use the food first.c. its also the best place for the remaining food.d. so we should do something to help them.e. it is important to make a plan to cook food.f. it is hard to keep food fresh in summer.g. learn to know the different periods of food and know what foods are good for. 书面表达(2017咸宁改编)提示：“民以食为天”，饮食的安全和健康受到越来越多的关注和重视。请你以“say no to junk food”为题，根据以下要点写一篇英语短文。要求：1. 语言流畅、书写规范、卷面整洁，词数不少于60个；2文中不得使用真实姓名、校名，否则以零分计。_ 答案.1. b【解析】考查副词词义辨析。句意为：男孩看见一只小鸟在窗户旁边休息，他_移过去看了一眼。politely礼貌地；quietly轻轻地；easily容易地；safely安全地。联系前半句可知此处指“轻轻地移过去”，故选b。2. a【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“我真的希望进入一所好的高中。我该怎么办？”“你应该做出_提高你的成绩。”根据句意可知此处指做出努力提高成绩，故选a。3. c【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：我妈妈花了很长时间准备这些_，它们尝起来很美味。spoons勺子；pieces片；dishes饭菜；bowls碗。根据句意可知此处指饭菜，故选c。4. a【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：对青少年来说，_他们在学习上的兴趣比得到高分更重要。develop 发展，培养； mention提及；collect收集；discuss 讨论。根据句意可知，应该是培养兴趣。故选a。5. b【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“中央电视台的中国诗词大会是一个巨大的_。”“你说得对。越来越多的人开始享受诗歌的魅力。”project 项目；success 成功；chance机会；experiment 实验。根据句意可知，此处表示中国诗词大会是一个成功。故选b。6. a【解析】考查动词固定用法。句意为：我认为摔跤吧，爸爸这部电影很值得看，我已经看了三遍了。“be worth doing sth.值得做某事”为固定用法，故选a。7. c【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为“在过生日时，人们为什么从来不把_切断？”“因为它们是长寿的象征。”eggs鸡蛋；cakes蛋糕；noodles面条；cookies饼干。根据常识可知，过生日时吃的长面条象征长寿。故选c。8. d【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为：在你包饺子之前你最好先把肉_。take up 从事；clean up 清理；give up 放弃；cut up切碎。根据句意可知，包饺子前应该先把肉切碎。故选d。9. a【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：教育的_不是授之以鱼，而是授之以渔。purpose目的；advantage优势；pleasure乐趣；success成功。根据语境可知，这里指的是教育的目的，故选a。10. a【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：有时候生活不如我们_的那样完美。我们应该接受我们生活中的失望，并且永远不要丧失信心。imagine想象；finish完成；mind介意；know知道，懂得。根据句意可知此处是指生活并不如我们想象的那样完美。故选a。11. a【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：在餐馆点菜之前，服务生通常递给你一个_。menu菜单；guest顾客；bill账单；food食物。根据句意可知此处指菜单，故选a。12. a【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为“你认为你现在的工作怎样？”“我从未_所做的决定，因为这份工作值得我付出所有努力。”regretted后悔；refused拒绝；returned回到；realized意识到。结合句意可知我从未后悔做决定，故选a。. 【主旨大意】本文是一篇哲理故事。讲述了一个女孩的父亲把她带到了厨房，在三个锅里分别放了胡萝卜、鸡蛋和咖啡豆并把它们烧开，然后让女孩观察。父亲以此启发她在人生处于逆境的时候应该怎么做的故事。1. b【解析】考查宾语从句引导词。句意为：不知该_挺过去，她想放弃。what什么；how怎样；where在哪里；which哪个。分析句子结构，“to make it”意为“成功做到”，这个短语不缺宾语，因此应该使用做状语的连词，排除选项a。再结合句意，“how”填在这里符合语境，指她如何成功做成某事。故选b。2. c【解析】考查一般过去时的用法。句意为：她的父亲是个厨师，他把她带到了厨房。分析句子结构，此处缺少一个谓语动词，排除选项d。从下句“he filled three pots(锅) _3_ water and put each on a high fire.”可知，这里讲述的是过去的故事，因此空格处的谓语动词应该使用过去时，排除选项a和b。故选c。3. a【解析】考查介词词义辨析及固定搭配。句意为：他在三个锅里分别装满了水，加大火烧。with和，跟；in在里面；of的；for为，给。“fill.with.”是一个固定短语，意为“用装满”。因此“with”符合语境。故选a。4. b【解析】考查介词词义辨析。句意为：他_一句话，(由着水)把它们煮沸。with和，跟，带有；without没有；at在；after在以后。从“he let them boil”可知，父亲当时并没有给女儿解释什么。因此，“without”符合语境。故选b。5. a【解析】考查名词词义辨析。句意为：二十_后，父亲关掉了火，把胡萝卜捞出来，放到一个碗里，又把鸡蛋放进一个碟子里，接着把咖啡倒在一个杯子里。minutes分钟；hours小时；seconds秒；months月。从常识判断，水要烧开需要15分钟到20分钟左右。因此“minutes”用在这里符合语境。故选a。6. d【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：他问他女儿，“亲爱的，你_了什么？”read读；watch观看，注视；look看；see看到，看见(强调看到的结果)。联系上文，父亲把三样东西放在水里煮完之后捞出来，这里应询问女儿看到的是什么结果。因此，强调结果的动词“see”符合语境。故选d。7. c【解析】考查形容词比较级辨析。句意为：父亲使她离得_，要她去摸摸胡萝卜。higher更高；faster更快；closer更亲密，更近；longer更长。由feel可知是应该让她再近一些去摸胡萝卜。因此“closer”符合语境。故选c。8. d【解析】考查动词词义辨析。句意为：女儿_咖啡的味道，笑了。forgot忘记；remembered记住；hated讨厌；enjoyed欣赏，喜欢。从“and smiled”可知，女儿非常喜欢咖啡的味道。因此“enjoyed”填在这里符合语境。故选d。9. c【解析】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意为：他解释说，这三样东西_面临着同样的逆境煮沸的水。neither二者都不；both二者都；each每个；none没有一个。联系上文，三样东西每样都被放到水里煮，数量上是三个且表示肯定的含义。因此“each”符合语境。故选c。10. a【解析】考查动词短语辨析。句意为：这所有的都_你！depends on取决于，依靠；insists on坚持；puts on穿上；takes up开始。联系上文可知父亲询问女儿到底想成为哪一类人，取决于她自己。所以“depends on”符合语境。故选a。.a 【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了食品科学家通过怎样的努力，使食品更健康、更安全、更好吃、更容易做，同时还在食物里添加维生素和矿物质，来帮助人们预防疾病。这些食品科学家都在大学里进行过四年严格的培训。1. t【解析】细节理解题。句意为：食品科学家利用物理、化学和生物的科学方法来使食品健康、安全、好吃、容易做。根据第二段的第一句“food scientists use scientific methods from physics, chemistry and biology to make foods healthy, safe, tasty and easy to cook.”可知此句正确。2. f【解析】细节理解题。句意为：食品科学家发现低脂肪的食物通常有非常好的口感。根据第二段的第三句“they found that highfat foods usually had a very good mouth feel.”可知是高脂肪的食物通常有非常好的口感，所以此句错误。 3. t【解析】细节理解题。句意为：食品科学家总是向食物里加维生素和矿物质来使人们更健康。根据第二段的第七、八句“they may study adding vitamins(维生素) and minerals(矿物质) to many kinds of breads. this can help people avoid some health problems.”可知食品科学家向食物里加维生素和矿物质的目的是帮助人们避免健康问题。所以此句正确。4. t【解析】细节理解题。句意为：如果一个人没有足够的维生素，他的骨骼就不够结实来支撑他的体重。根据第二段的最后一句“without them, a persons bones are not hard enough to support the persons weight.”可知此句正确。5. f【解析】细节理解题。句意为：食品科学家至少在大学里研究食品科学四年，然后在政府里工作。根据最后一段的内容“ they work in the food processing industry. some work in universities. some work in the government.”可知，食品科学家在大学里研究食品科学后，不一定都在政府里工作。所以此句错误。b【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了怎么在日常生活中节约食物。1. d【解析】根据空前 “.people are facing the problem of hunger. ”及所给选项可知，此处表示的是我们应该做些事情，d项最符合语境。2. b【解析】根据空前 “start with the fresh food.”及本段标题可知此处指要使用冰箱里面的食物。b项最符合语境。3. g【解析】根据空后例子可知是讲如何利用好不同食物的方法。g项最符合语境。4. c【解析】根据此段标题可知是介绍冷冻室的用处。c项最符合语境。5. a【解析】根据此段标题及空后解释可知是讲述如何合理计划好