湖南省衡南县第九中学高考英语 语法专题复习 语法定语从句.doc

湖南省衡南县第九中学高考英语 语法专题复习 语法定语从句一：定义二：先行词三：关系词：关系代词： 关系副词：四：关系代词的用法： 指代对象人事物人物共存主格宾格所有e.g. 1. the boy _ we saw yesterday was johns brother. 2. do you know the name of the hotel _ windows we can see here? 3. is she the girl _ sells newspapers?五：who 与that 的用法比较： 用who/whom/that填空： 1. anyone _does that must be mad.2. those _ dare to break the law will be punished. 结论：3. he _ plays with fire gets burned.4. you _are too weak should do more exercise.结论：5. the family _ lives upstairs are fond of music.6. the team_ are under 16 are training hard.结论：六：which 与 that 的用法比较：1. everything _ can be done has been done.2. there are few books _we can read.结论：3.this is the only food _ i can find for you.4.his composition was the second one _ was handed in.结论：5.this is the most interesting film _i have ever seen.6.beijing is the first city _the smiths visited in china.结论：7.they talked for half an hour of things and persons _ they remembered in the school.结论：8.china is not the country _ it used to be.结论: 9. he build up a factory which produced things _had never been seen before.结论：七：whose的用法： 不论先行词是指人还是指事或物，只要在定语从句中做定语，都用whose. e.g. 1.i dont want to hire the boy whose father is now in prison.2.look at the house whose roof is red. 特别注意： whose+ n =the+ n+ of which/whom 名词前一定要有定冠词the.3.the house _ roof was damaged has now been repaired.4.the house the roof _was damaged has now been repaired.5.the house _ the roof was damaged has now been repaired.八: _ 也可以引导一个定语从句。1. the woman _ you talked just now is a famous singer.a.who b.whom c.to whom d.for whom2.the chair _ she is sitting is made of plastics.3.your speech was heard by a group of five judges, _agreed that it was the best one this year. 九：关系副词的用法： 用适当的关系副词填空：1.i will never forget the days _i was in cannda.2.the company _he is working is one of the biggest in the city3.the reason _ he was late today is traffic jam.结论：1.never will i forget the days _ we spent together in our middle school.2.this is the factory _ my father visited yesterday.3.is this factory _ my father visited yesterday?4.was this the reason _ he explained to us for his being late?结论：十：定语从句中的主谓一致： 1.the mp4 that _ been given to me is home-made. ( have)2.i, who _ your classmate, will share the work with you. ( be )结论： 3.he is one of the students who _made great progress. (have)4.mr wang is the only one of my friends who _ been invited to have dinner with us. (have)结论：十一：非限制性定语从句：非限制性定语从句是给主句或先行词增加额外信息的从句。非限制性定语从句与主句的关系不是很密切，它仅对先行词作一些附加说明，如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。例如：my mother, whom you met last year, keeps telling me not to take weight-loss pills because they are dangerous. (若把从句去掉，主句意义仍然完整)使用非限制性定语从句要注意以下几点：1. 非限制性定语从句常用who, whom, which, whose, as, when, where等关系词引导，一般不用that引导。同时非限制性定语从句也不能用why引导，要用for which代替why。如：we couldnt accept the reason he explained, for which he was late.2. 非限制性定语从句由as引导时，代指主句的全部或部分内容。as有“正如、像”等意思，它所引导的非限制性定语常表说话人关于说话的依据、态度、评论、看法等。as引导的非限制性定语从句在句中的位置比较灵活，可以置于主句之前，也可以置于主句之后，甚至可以置于主句的中间。例如：he wasnt unconscious (失去知觉), as could be judged from his eyesmike, as is customary (习惯的) with him, goes to work at 7 oclock in the morning.3. 非限制性定语从句的先行词可以是某个具体的名词，也可以是整个主句或主句的一部分，而限制性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词。例如：tom was driving too fast, which was dangerous. (which 指代was driving too fast)she changed her mind, which made them very angry. (which 指代she changed her mind)i was glad that all my classmates were fond of the cake that i made. (that 指代the cake)4. 关系代词在非限制性定语从句中作宾语时是不能省略的。例如：the trees near my house, which i planted three years ago, are growing well.5. 当出现some/many/few/a few/little/much/most/half of which/whom等结构时，用非限制性定语从句。例如：there is too much information on the internet, some of which is unreliable.i have invited more than one hundred friends to the party, most of whom are my business partners.巩固性练习：一. 单项填空1. -do you know the man _is talking with your father？ -yes， hes our headmaster.a. he b. who c. which d. whom2. is this the river _i can swim？a. which b. in which c. that d. the one3. this is the best hotel in the city _i know.a. where b. which c. that d. it4. can you lend me the dictionary _the other day？a. that you bought b. you bought it c. that you bought it d. which you bought it5. anyone _with what i said may put up you hands.a. which agrees b. who agree c. who agrees d. which agree6. my watch is not the only thing _ is missing.a. that b. it c. which d.who7. the man _coat is black is waiting at the gatea. whos b whose c. that of d.which.8. the girl _ is reading under the tree _my sister.a. which； is b. whom； was c. who； is d. who； was9. i love places _the people are really friendly.a. that b. which c. where d. who10. the world _ is made up of matter.a. in that we live b. on which we live c. where we live in d. we live in. 用适当的关系代词that， which， who， whom填空。1. the first thing _you must do is to have a meal.2. april 1st is the day _is called april fools day in the west.3. the family _had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends.4. the house _we live in is very old.5. didnt you see the man _i talked with just now？提高题：1.ive become good friends with several of the students in my school i met in the english speech contest last year. a. who b. where c. when d. which2. thats the new machine _ parts are too small to be seen. a. that b. which c. whose d. what3. can you believe i had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?you should try the barbers i go. its only 15. a. as b. which c. where d. that4.after graduating from college，i took some time off to go travelling， turned out to be a wise decision athat bwhich cwhen dwhere5.as a child , jack studied in a village school ,_ is named after his grandfather. a. which b. where c. what d. that 6.the newly built caf, the walls of_ are painted light green, is really a peaceful place for us, specially after hard work. a. that b. it c. what d. which 7.the old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. a. where b. which c. its d. whose8.i refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault. a. who b. that c. as d. what9. the settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of left their village homes for a better life in the city. awhom bwhich cthem dthose10.she brought with her three friends, none of i had ever met before.a. them b. who c. whom d. these11.a person _ e-mail account is full