湖南省长沙市高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解选练（1）.doc

湖南长沙市2016高考二轮英语阅读理解选练（1）阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的a,b,c或d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。a train floating on aira train that floats on air? its not magic its magnets (磁). and its close to reality. in virginia usa the fall of 2002, a train with no wheels traveled on air and carried college students across their campus. in japan, a whisper-quiet railway engine hovered and raced at 350 miles per hour using magnets and electricity as the power. and in china, a magnet train line linked shanghai with nearby pudong airport. these trains use magnetic levitation (悬浮) technology, “maglev” for short. they use the same rules as the magnets you pick up at home or school: opposite poles of magnets attract each other, and like poles repel each other. how does it work? powerful magnets on the bottom of the train repel magnets on the track, which is actually just a magnet-filled guiding way. with a magnetic field of sufficient force, the train will go hovering on air, which seemed impossible to us in the past. when an electrical current is sent through the track, the train moves. turn the current backwards and the train slows down. maglev doesnt rely on the friction (摩擦力) of wheels on track, so it can climb a much steeper hill than a traditional train. and it can travel easily in snow and ice, something that could bring normal trains to a screaming stop. 1. this passage is about. a. maglevb. magnetsc. levitationd. electricity2. which of the following is a repelling action? a. b. c. d. 3. what can we learn from the text? a. a magnet-filled guiding way is formed inside a maglev train. b. instead of electricity, magnets are used as the power of a maglev. c. maglev trains can climb hills with the help of magnet wheels. d. electric currents decide the movements of a maglev train. 4. what is the difference between a maglev train and an ordinary train? a. a maglev train can climb mountains without power while an ordinary one cant. b. a maglev train can travel in college campus while an ordinary train is not allowed. c. traveling without a track, a maglev train is safer and smoother than an ordinary one. d. floating on a track, a maglev train is faster, quieter than an ordinary railway train. 【参考答案】14、abdd阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c和d)中，选出最佳选项。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(五)】 aboys need friends，suffer when they dont believe they have any，and worry over the ups and downs of relationships.many adults believe that somehow boys need friends less than girls do，in truth，though，no boy is an island；boys value their friends throughout childhood and adolescence and are happier and healthier when they have solid relationships with peers.despite the common belief that girls are better at relationships，most boys consider their friends a very important part of their lives，and boys may actually be better at keeping friendships than girls are.a recent study of 10to15yearold boys and girls found that girlsfriendships are actually more fragile.girls tend to say and do hurtful things to each other more frequently than boys，and girls are more hurt by the end of a friendship.boys are the living definition of the phrase “peer group”；they love games with rules，competition，and doing things together.boys seem to enjoy，even need the opportunity to test themselves against others，and many lasting friendships begin in karate (空手道) class or on the basketball court.competence and skill are widely respected；being picked last for a team or left out altogether is an experience that can haunt (萦绕心头) a boy for years.as boys mature，the friendship becomes even more important，and it frequently widens to include girls.during the teen years，friends can become the most important part of a boys lifeand a part in which his parents are not included.the confusion of being a teenager leads boys to form close bonds with friends.there is the sense for many boys that a friend is someone who is “always there for me”，someone he can trust.they may be partners in crime or partners in study，but the friendship of adolescent boys can run surprisingly deep.26the common belief of adults is that boys _.adont care about others as much as girlsbdont value friendships as much as girlschave the same friendship as girls dhave healthier friendship than girls27according to the passage，_.aboys usually build friendships by playing competitive games bboys like to have small groups of friends cboysfriendships seldom result in anyone being hurt dboysfriendships can hardly end in failure28the author mentions the study in para.2 to prove _.agirls value relationships more than boysbmost boys consider their friends very importantcboys may be better at keeping friendships than girlsdboys may be more active in a friendship29as a boy gets older，he tends to _.awiden his circle of friends to include his parentsbshift his focus from his friends to himself cleave his parents out of his friendsdbe confused about what a friendship is 30whats the best title of the passage?afriendships between boys and girlsbboys and their friendshipcchildhood and adolescent friendshipdtips on making friends with boys26b细节理解题。根据第一段“many adults believe that somehow boys need friends less than girls do.”可知答案为b。27a推理判断题。根据第三段“boys seem to enjoy，even need the opportunity to test themselves against others，and many lasting friendships begin in karate class or on the basketball court.”可推知答案为a。28c推理判断题。该研究显示“girlsfriendships are actually more fragile”，并解释了其原因，由此可推知男孩比女孩更注意对友谊的维护。29c细节理解题。根据最后一段“a part in which his parents are not included”可知答案为c。30b主旨大意题。本文说明了男孩怎样重视友谊，并分析了男孩间的友谊，因此b为正确答案。【广东省2012届高三考前冲刺卷(五)】 bchildren start out as natural scientists，eager to look into the world around them.helping them enjoy science can be easy；theres no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment.you only have to share your childrens curiosity.firstly，listen to their questions.i once visited a classroom of sevenyearolds to talk about science as a job.the children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling，salary and whether i liked my job.when i finished answering，we sat facing one another in silence.finally i said，“now that were finished with your lists，do you have questions of your own about science？”after a long pause，a boy raised his hand，“have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢)eat? when i try eating leaves like that，i get a stomachache.why？”this began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.secondly，give them time to think.studies over the past 30 years have shown that，after asking a question，adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer，no time for a child to think.when adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more，children give more logical，complete and creative answers.thirdly，watch your language.once you have a child involved in a science discussion，dont jump in with “thats right” or “very good”these words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior.but in talking about science，quick praise can signal that discussion is over.instead，keep things going by saying “thats interesting” or “id never thought of it in that way before”，or coming up with more questions or ideas.never push a child to “think”it doesnt make sense.children are always thinking，without your telling them to.whats more，this can turn a conversation into a performance.the child will try to find the answer you want，in as few words as possible，so that he will be a smaller target for your disagreement.lastly，show；dont tell.reallife impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program.let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜)，and theyll understand why you want them to wash before dinner.rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发)，put a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.31according to the passage，children are natural scientists，and to raise their interest，the most important thing for adults to do is _.ato let them see the world aroundbto share the childrens curiositycto explain difficult phrases about sciencedto supply the children with lab equipment32in the last sentence of the first paragraph，the word “lists” could best be replaced by _.aany questionsbany problemscquestions from textbooksdany number of questions33according to the passage，children can answer questions in a more logical，complete and creative way if adults _.aask them to answer quicklybwait for one or two seconds after a questionctell them to answer the next daydwait at least for three seconds after a question34in which of the following paragraph(s)does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion?athe second and third.bthe fourth and fifth.cthe fifth and sixth.dthe seventh.35the author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their childrens curiosity except that adults should _.atell their children stories instead of reciting factsboffer their children chances to see things for themselvescbe patient enough when their children answer questionsdencourage their children to ask questions of their own31b细节理解题。根据文章第一段第三句中的“.share your childrens curiosity(好奇)”可推知此题的答案为b项。32c推理判断题。根据文章第一段第六句“the children asked me textbook questions.”可推知此题的答案为c项。33d推理判断题。根据文章第四段最后一句“when adults increase their wait time to three seconds or more，children give more logical(符合逻辑的)，complete and creative answers.”可推知此题的答案为d项。34c归纳概括题。根据问题的内容可在文章的第五、六段找到答案。35a推理判断题。根据文章内容：从第四段排除c项；从文章前三段的内容排除d项；从第七段排除b项。从而可推知答案为a项。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项。british men are encouraged to cry. there are certain things british men like to believe about themselves. the first is that one day they will again win the world cup. they also believe they do not cry. over the centuries, britons are believed to have a “stiff upper lip”. but is this true? yes, it is. a recent study arranged by kleenex on how the british express their emotions reveals that 95 percent of them still contain their emotions. moreover, while 72 percent think this is unhealthy, 19 percent cant remember the last time they “let it out”. as a result, kleenex is launching the “let it out” campaign that encourages britons to grab a tissue and have a good cry. these days, however, the male britons attitude toward crying is changing. though the majority still struggles to open up emotionally, a 2004 study by oxfords social issues research center found that 77 percent of british men considered crying in public increasingly acceptable. half of london males admitted crying in front of their mothers. scotsmen are the least emotional, although they are the most likely to cry at weddings. peter marsh, director of the center, said: “crying can now indicate sensitivity rather than weakness. like with david beckham, crying because youre dropping off your boy at nursery isnt seen as weak.”winston churchill was said to be a frequent crier, shedding tears at seeing a survivor in an air raid shelter (防空洞), and when he saw his wife after a long absence. psychologists say that while society has accepted that men can cry, ther