黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语 知识点 B3M1学案 外研版.doc

黑龙江省大庆外国语学校高一英语 知识点 b3m1学案 外研版同步导学period 1 reading guide learning guide to europe.i .fast reading read the text and decide if these sentences are true (t) or false(f)1. the eiffel tower is a tall building in france.2. there are a lot of restaurants and cafes in paris.3. barcelona is the capital of spain.4. the church of the sagrada familia was built in 19265. the artistic movement called the renaissance began in florence.6. the uffizi palace is a famous hotel in florence.7. a long time ago, athens was the worlds most powerful city.8. there were a lot of good writers in ancient athens.key-1-8 1.t 2 t 3.f 4. f 5. t 6. f 7. t 8. tiii. detail reading :1. paris is the capital and largest city of france, situated on the river seine.划线处可以换为_2. barcelona is the second largest city of spain and is situated on the northeast coast.划线处可以换为_3. barcelona is situated about five hundred kilometers east of the spanish capital, madrid. 划线处可以换为_4. florence, an italian city, became famous for the renaissance, which is a great artistic movement that began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years.课文中与这句话意思相近的句子是_key-1.which is situated /located 2. located 3. to the east 4. florence is an italian city which became famous because of the renaissanc, a great artistic movement which began in the 1300s and lasted for three hundred years.period 2 知识导学1. face vt. 面向；面对，正式例句：we must face up to our enemy.我们要勇敢地面对敌人。 they are faced with many economic problems.他们面临很多经济问题。拓展 face n. 面孔 facing n. 表面， 饰面短语： 勇敢地面对 _ 面临 _ 面对面_ 丢面子_保全面子_做鬼脸_在.面前_key. face up to, be faced with, face to face, lose ones face, save ones face, make a face, in the face of2. across prep. 在 另一边；横越， 交叉例句：there is a bridge across the river.有一座桥横跨在河上。 they live across from us.他们住在我们对面。辨析：across/over/throughacross 意思是“横过”， 动作在直线或物体表面进行。through 意思是“穿过”，动作在物体的空间里进行。over 意思是“在、之上越过”，动作在物体的上方进行。例句：it winds its way from west to east, _ deserts, _ mountains, _ valleys, till at last it reaches the sea.它从西向东，越过沙漠， 跨过高山， 穿过深谷，蜿蜒而行，最后抵达大海。 key: across, over, through3. situated adj. 坐落（某处）的；位于（某处）的，常与介词on/at/in 等搭配。 拓展：situate vt. 使位于，使处于，坐落于situation n. 形势；情况；状况例句：the village _ a valley.这村庄位于一个山谷中。 the tower _ a cliff那座塔坐落于悬崖之上。key: is situated in ; is situated on4. symbol n. 象征；符号，代号，记号例句： the dove is the symbol of peace. whats the chemical symbol for copper?拓展：symbolic adj. 象征性的 symbolize vt. 象征；是、的象征； 代表辨析：symbolsignmark symbol 指作为象征或表达某种深远意义的特殊事物。sign 指代表具有固定意义的一种简单的符号或标志，比symbol简单明了。mark 指在其他事物上留下的印痕或先天固有的标志。例句：his teaching left_ upon the readers. 他的教诲在读者心中留下了深刻的印象。key: a deep mark5. located adj. 位于；处于.的例句 greece is located in the south of europe.希腊位于欧洲的南部。拓展: locate vt. 使、坐落于；找到、位置；定居location n. 地点；位置；场所例句：we located the post office as soon as we moved into the town.我们一进城里，就找到了邮局所在地。have they decided on _ the new building yet?这座新建筑的位置他们定下来了吗？提醒：lie 也可表示处于某个位置，但它不用于被动语态。 例句：my house _ a small village.key: the location of; lies in6. be known as 作为、 而出名； be known for 因为、而出名例句：france _ its fine food and wine.法国以其优美的食物和葡萄酒而闻名。lu xun _ a writer.鲁迅作为一名作家而出名。key: is known for, is known as7. opposite (1) prep. 在、对面，面对 the waiter _ .那个服务员站在我对面。（2）n. 对立面，对立物 black and white are _.黑与白是相反的颜色。（3）adj. 对面的，相反的，对立的he stood on _ the street. 他站在那条街的对面。（4）we live just opposite.key: stood opposite me; opposites; the opposite side of语法突破一语态1. 动词的语态有主动语态和被动语态两种，被动语态是指句子的主语和谓语动词之间的关系是被动关系。表示不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者时。如：paper was first invented in china.表示需要突出或强调动作的承受者。如：the song was composed by a student.2. 主动表被动概念当 feel, look, smell, taste, sound 等后面接形容词时；当cut ,read , sell, wear, write 等词带状语修饰语时；当动词表示开始，结束，关，停，转，启动等意义时。如：this kind of cloth washes easily.those novels wont sell well.my pen writes smoothly.want, require, need, be worth 后面的动名词主动形式表示被动含义。如：the book is worth reading.作定语的不定式和被修饰的名词有动宾关系，又和另一名词或代词有主谓关系，常用主动形式表示被动含义。如：please lend me a pen to write with.在某些表语形容词后作状语的不定式和主语有动宾关系，常见的形容词有：easy, comfortable, dangerous, difficult, hard , heavy, impossible等。如：the coffee is bitter to taste.这咖啡味苦。二主谓一致主谓一致的应用1.单数主语、单个动词不定式、动词-ing短语以及句子作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语，用and 或both.and 连接的动词不定式短语、动词-ing短语以及主语从句作主语时，谓语动词则用复数形式。但是，and 所连接的两个主语如指同一主体时，谓语则用单数形式，否则，谓语用复数。在what引导的主语从句中，如果表语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。例如 that book is on the desk. seeing is believing. how to do it is still a problem.the teacher and writer is her friend.这个既是教师又是作家的人是她的朋友。what the boy wanted were some books2.有些集体名词，如 crowd, family, team, group, government, committee, class, school, union, firm, staff, public等，他们作主语时，谓语动词的数要根据语境而定。如果它们作为一个集体单位时，动词用单数形式，如就其中的各个成员来说，则谓语用复数形式。 如 his family is rich. 他家很富有 the family were having dinner when i called.我去拜访的时候，那家人正在吃饭。3.有些表示总称意义的名词，形式上是单数，而意义上却是复数，谓语动词要用复数形式，如 police, cattle, the police have caught the thief.4.none 接不可数名词作主语时， 谓语动词为单数， 接可数名词复数时谓语单复数均可 none of us has/ have been to beijing.5. 一个主语后面跟有with., together with., as well as, like, but, except等，构成并列主语时，谓语动词仍与前面的主语一致。no one but your parents was there then.6. 两个主语用 or, eitheror,neither.nor., not only but also., not. but.连接起来，谓语与靠近的主语的数一致。either you or i am to blame.not only the students but also their teacher doesnt know about it.7. 在 there be句型中，如果有两个以上的并列主语，谓语往往与第一个主语一致。 there is a book and three pens on the desk.8. 由 quantities of，tons of. 或 amounts of. 名词构成的主语，谓语动词用复数。large quantities of food were wasted.9. 在 each and each., everyand every,noandno, many a.等由 and 连接并列单数主语的机构中，谓语动词用单数。 each boy and each girl has got a seat.many a boy and many a girl likes it跟踪测评单项选择1. when the project_, our city will take on a new look.a. has completed b. has been completedc. is to be completed d. will be completed2. -tom and lucy got married last week. did you go to their wedding? -no. i_ . did they have a big wedding?a. was not invited b. had been invitedc. hadnt been invited d. didnt invited3. ice can_ water by heat. a. turn to b. change into c .be turning to d. be changed into 4. all but one_ here just now.a. is b. was c. are d. were5. what the young need _ knowledge. a. is b. are c. has d. were6. professor james will give us a lecture on the western culture, but when and where_ yet. a. hasnt been decided b. havent decided c. isnt being decided d. arent decided7 .these pictures will show you _ five years ago .a. what our city looked like b. what did our city look likec. how our city looked like d. how did our city look like8. its clear that the thief was seen_ into the room that night.a. went b. go c. going d. to go9. -shall i wait here for three hours? -yes. three hours _ for you to wait for such a doctor.a. are not very long b. is not long enoughc. was not long enough d . will be too long10. each soldier and each sailor _ a rifle. a. are given b. was given c. being given d. were givenkey: 1-10 bcdda aadbbperiod 3 知能提高（cultural corner）learning guide to the european union careful reading. read the passage and answer the questions .1. what is the european union ?_.key: the european union is an organization of european countries.2. give the names of three first members and three new members of the european union._key:the first three members are france, germany, and belgium, and the three new members are the czech republic, estonia, and hungary.3. what is the population of the expanded eu.?key: it has a population of more than half a billion people, twice as big as the population of the united states.period 4同步自测单项选择1. hainan lies_ the south of china.a. to b. in c. off d. on2. you are right in _ of theory. a. items b. terms c. clauses d. words3. i suddenly saw mary _ the hall. i pushed my way _the crowd of people to get to her. a. across; across b. over; through c. over; into d. across; through4.the school _ at the foot of the mountain. a. situated b. is situated c. has situated d. is situating 5.the dark cloud is a _ of rain. a. symbol b. sign c. mark d. impress6.many students make great progress in listening_ the large amount of time devoted to it. a. because of b. instead of c. in case of d. though7.it was _ yesterday _ he _ the secret. a. not until; did; know b. until; when; knew c. not until; that; knew d. until; that; didnt know8.your hand is dirty. it needs _. a. to wash b. to be washing c. being washed d. washing9. he _ the heavy burden of caring for his wife and two children. a. faced with b. face c. was faced with d. was faced to10. i would like a job which pays more, but _ i enjoy the work im doing at the moment. a. in other words b. on the other hand c. for one thing d. as a matter of factkey:1-10 bbdbbii. 完形填空第二节：完形填空 (共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分) 阅读下面短文、掌握其大意、然后从 3655 各题所给的四个选项(a、b、c 和 d)中，选出最佳选项、并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 a few years ago, i had a job that almost destroyed me. my _11_ was that i enjoyed my job too much and couldnt get _ 12 _ of it. working for the president was better than any other _ 13 _ that id ever had. in the morning, i couldnt _ 14_ to get to the office. at night, i didnt want to leave . part of my mind _ 15 _ at work even when i was at _ 16 _ with my kids at night. not _ 17_ , all the other parts of my life shrivelled (枯萎) into a dried raisin (葡萄干). i lost touch with my _18 _ , as i saw little of my wife and my two sons. i lost contact with my old friends. i even _ 19_ to lose contact with myself. then one evening, i _ 20 _ home to tell the boys i wouldnt make it back in time to say good night. id already missed five _ 21 _ that week. sam, the younger of the two, said that was _ 22_ , but asked me to wake him up _ 23_ i got home. i explained that id be back so late that he would have gone to sleep _ 24_ ; it was probably better if i saw him the next morning. but he _ 25_ . i asked him why. he said he just wanted to know i was there at home. to this day, i cant _ 26_ exactly what happened to me in that moment. yet i suddenly knew i had to_ 27 _ my job. after i said in public that i had quit my job, i received a number of _ 28_ . most people were understanding, but a few were _ 29_ . they wrote to tell me angrily that i shouldnt think myself virtuous (有道德的). _ 30_ work was virtuous; leaving an important job to spend more time with my family was not.11. a. advantageb. disease c. problem d. fight12. a. muchb. all c. enoughd. part13. a. giftb. factc. jobd. trouble14. a. hopeb. standc. stopd. wait 15. a. remainedb. heldc. blockedd. forgot16. a. lunchb. homec. schoold. office17. a. reallyb. interestinglyc. surprisinglyd. usually18. a. parentsb. teachersc. familyd. friends19. a. beganb. wantedc. chosed. proved20. a. wroteb. phonedc. rand. drove21. a. bedtimesb. kissesc. nights d. calls22. a. badb. okc. greatd. easy23. a. howeverb. wheneverc. whateverd. wherever24. a. as wellb. on purposec. in timed. long before25. a. agreedb. insistedc. managedd. accepted26. a. noticeb. feelc. required. explain27. a. valueb. leavec. keepd. take28. a. newspapersb. interviewsc. lettersd. invitations29. a. angryb. sadc. pleased d. excited30. a. timelessb. hardc. valuabled. necessaryiii：阅读理解 (共 20 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 40 分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中(a、b、c和 d)中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 a “how are you?” is a nice question. its a friendly way that people in the united states greet each other. but “how are you?” is also an unusual question. its a question that often doesnt need an answer. the person who asks, “how are you?” expects to hear the answer “fine”, even if the person isnt fine. the reason is that “how are you?” isnt really a question and “fine” isnt really an answer. they are common ways of saying “hello” or “hi”.sometimes, people dont say exactly what they mean. for example, when someone asks “do you agree?” the other person may be thinking, “no, i dont. i think you are wrong.” it isnt polite to disagree very strongly, then he might say, “i am not so sure.” this is a nicer way to say that you dont agree with someone.people also dont say exactly what they are thinking when they finish talking to other people. for example, many conversations over the phone end when one person says, “ive got to go now.” or the person who wants to hang up will give an excuse such as, “someone is at the door” or “something is burning on the stove (火炉).” the excuse may be real, or not. the person who wants to hang up simply doesnt want to talk any more, but it isnt polite to say so. an excuse is polite, and it doesnt hurt the other persons feelings.whether they are greeting each other, talking about an opinion, or ending a conversation, people often dont say exactly what they are thinking. its an important way that people try to be nice to each other, and its part of the game of language.31. the passage is mainly about_.a. how to make friends with peopleb. some polite questions used to greet another personc. important ways of being polite to other peopled. how to end a conversation32. if you have different opinions from someone, it is polite to say “_” a. youre wrong. b. im not sure that you are right. c. of course, i disagree. d. no, i dont agree with you.33. which of the following is a polite way to finish a conversation? a. i have no time to talk to you now. b. i want to stop talking now. c. i have to go now. d. i dont want to talk any more.34. according to the passage, when a person says, “something is burning on the stove”, it means that _.a. he is going to another place b. he is hurting someones feelingsc. he is talking to a person at the door d. he is giving an excuse35. one of the rules of the game of language is probably _.a. to be polite b. not to disagree with others c. to say what you mean d. to always say exactly what you are thinkingkey：11-15 cccda 1620 bccab 2125 abbdb 2630 dbcab 3135 cbcdaiv 写作:（共二节，满分45分）. 第一节 阅读表达（满分15分）阅读下面短文，按要求完成文后各题。help your child keep what he readsa crucial skill, especially as he gets older and needs to gain important information from textbooks.1. have him read aloud. this forces him to go slower, which gives him more time to process what he reads. plus, hes not only seeing the words, hes hearing them, too.2. provide the right kinds of books. make sure your child gets lots of practice reading books that arent too hard. he should recognize at least 90 percent of the words without any help. stopping any more often than that to figure out a word makes it tough for him to focus on the overall meaning of the story.3. _. to gain meaning from text, your child needs to read quickly and smoothlya skill known as fluency. rereading familiar, simple books gives your child practice at decoding words quickly, so hell become more fluent.4. talk to the teacher. if your child is struggling mightily with comprehension, he may need more help with his readingfor example, building his vocabulary or practicing phonics skills.5. supplement class reading. if his class is studying a particular theme, look for easy-to-read books or magazines on the topic. some prior knowledge will help him get prepared and make his way through tougher class texts.6. talk about what hes reading. this “verbal processing” helps him remember and think through the themes of the book. ask questions before, during, and after a reading session. for example: before: what interests you in this book? what doesnt? during: whats going on in the book? is it turning out the way you thought it would? after: can you summarize the book? what did you like about it?36. what is the best title of the passage? _37. fill in the blank with a proper topic for the third suggestion. (within 10 words) _38. if a child is r