甘肃省天水市一中高一英语上学期期末考试试题（含解析）.doc

天水一中2015-2016学年度2015级高一第一学期第二学段考试英语试题（满分：100分 时间：90分钟）第i卷 选择题（共50分）第一部分 阅读 （共两节，满分30）第一节 阅读理解（每小题2分，共20分） awhen i was a boy, i used to love walking in the woods around my home. my mom warned me several times never to travel so far that i would lose sight of the house. being a typical boy, however, i soon found myself hiking further and further away, testing just how far i could go into the woods without getting lost. after losing my way once for two hours, though, i decided that i had better leave a trail the next time i went for a walk.the very next day i decided to try it. i walked into the woods until the house was out of sight. then i broke a small branch on a young tree to mark my place. i wandered further in and broke another limb and then another. in a few spots where there were no limbs small enough, i snapped the heads off the low plants that were growing where the sunlight broke through the trees. after a while i finally got tired and decided to head back. turning around i easily found my tracks, but instead of being proud i felt sad. i could see the trail of destruction i had left in the woods going on and on. looking at the broken limbs and dead flowers i wondered if god was disappointed in me and i vowed never to do that again. instead, i started to cherish my times alone in the woods with nature. id sit by the streams and listen to them sing. id watch the birds and squirrels. id bend down to smell the flowers. and i even buried an acorn or two hoping that one day an oak might grow.there is an old native american saying that goes “we will be known forever by the tracks we leave.” as i have grown older and wiser, i have done my best to never leave a trail of destruction in my life as i did in the woods that day. i have instead tried to leave tracks of love, kindness, goodness, and compassion and i have strived to show others that they can do the same. may you always leave tracks of joy as you follow your own trail of love.1. when the boy headed back from the woods, he felt sad because _.a. he lost his way in the woodsb. he could find his tracks so easilyc. he left many trails of destructiond. god was very disappointed in him2. the boy took off some branches to _.a. protect himselfb. make his way outc. see the sun clearlyd. leave some marks3. the author wrote the passage to _.a. call on us to leave tracks of virtues in life b. inform us that we shouldnt destroy treesc. tell us how to avoid getting lost in the woodsd. show us ways to get back home in the forest【考点】人生百味【试题解析】本文作者通过这通过回忆自己儿时的经历来呼吁大家弘扬美德。1根据第二段中looking at the broken limbs and dead flowers i wondered if god was disappointed in me and i vowed never to do that again可知作者对造成的破坏感到很伤心。故c选项正确。2根据第二段then i broke a small branch on a young tree to mark my place一句，可知作者折断一些树枝是为了留下标记，故答案选d。3根据最后一段中i have instead tried to leave tracks of love, kindness, goodness, and compassion and i have strived to show others that they can do the same一句可知作者通过这篇文章是为了要呼吁大家弘扬美德。故答案a正确。【答案】1c 2d 3abdr. michael prager, a leading botox expert, said that a growing number of women are developing something called “computer face”. he also mentioned that professionals who worked long hours in front of a screen were ending up with saggy jowls(颚骨), “turkey neck” and deep-set wrinkles on their forehead and around their eyes. the botox expert said that, of all his clients, office workers were most likely to show premature(过早的)signs of ageing. “if you are one of the unfortunate people who frown(皱眉)while you are concentrating on the screen then, over time, you will inevitably end up with frown lines,” dr. prager said. “what is perhaps more surprising is the number of women with saggy jowls because they are sitting in one position for so long. if you spend most of the time looking down then the neck muscles shorten and go saggy, eventually giving you a second neck. “ dr. prager, who has a practice near harley street in london, said he encourages his clients to put a mirror next to their computer so they can see if they are frowning at the screen. “when people are stressed or thinking hard about something, then they will often put on a grumpy(脾气暴躁的)face without even knowing what they are doing. when my clients put a mirror next to their desk, they are often shocked by the angry, frowning face which stares back at them.” he said, “the women i am seeing at the moment have only been using computers at work for the last decade or so. but women in their 20s have grown up with them and use them for every single task. i think the problem is going to become much, much worse. in another ten years, they could be looking quite awful.”dr. prager said there were several simple steps which could avoid “computer face” such as regular screen breaks and stretching the neck muscles. and, of course, there was always botox. he said that, after a couple of sessions of botox, the habit of “grumpy face” could be broken.4. in what way do women develop a “computer face”?a. frowning every now and then.b. concentrating on computers frequently.c. working for too long in front of a screen.d. sitting in the same place for a long time.5. according to the passage, which of the following are signs of ageing?a. saggy jowls and short necks.b. turkey neck and frown lines.c. deep-set wrinkles and angry faces.d. second neck and stressed muscles.6. from the last 2 paragraphs, we can learn that _.a. “computer face” is avoidableb. we should give up using computersc. we should break the habit of “grumpy face”d. the younger generation is worse at computers 【考点】健康保健【试题解析】drmichael prager通过研究发现了长时间使用电脑对现代人的影响。 1根据第二段中who worked long hours in front of a screen were ending up with saggy jowls(颚骨), “turkey neck” and deep-set wrinkles on their forehead and around their eyes可知本文主要介绍长时间使用电脑带来的影响，故c选项正确。2根据第二段可知长时间使用电脑导致过早出现衰老迹象包括turkey neck 和 frown lines，故选b。3根据最后一段中drprager said there were several simple steps which could avoid “computer face” such as regular screen breaks and stretching the neck muscles一句可知通过一些措施可以避免形成“电脑脸”。可知答案a正确。【答案】4c 5b 6a cthe enigma（谜）of beautythe search for beauty spans centuries and continents. paintings of egyptians dating back over 4,000 years show both men and women painting their nails and wearing makeup. in 18th-century france, wealthy noblemen wore large wigs (假发) of long, white hair to make themselves attractive. today, people continue to devote a lot of time and money to their appearance.there is at least one good reason for the desire to be attractive: beauty is power. studies suggest that good-looking people make more money, get called on more often in class, and are regarded as friendlier.but what exactly is beauty? its difficult to describe it clearly, and yet we know it when we see it. and our awareness of it may start at a very early age. in one set of studies, six-month-old babies were shown a series of photographs. the faces on the pictures had been rated for attractiveness by a group of college students. in the studies, the babies spent more time looking at the attractive faces than the unattractive ones.the idea that even babies can judge appearance makes perfect sense to many researchers. in studies by psychologists, men consistently showed a preference for women with larger eyes, fuller lips, and a smaller nose and chin while women prefer men with large shoulders and a narrow waist. according to scientists, the mind unconsciously tells men and women that these traitsthe full lips, clear skin, strong shouldersequal health and genetic well-being.not everyone thinks the same way, however. “our hardwiredness can be changed by all sorts of expectationsmostly cultural,” says c. loring brace, an anthropologist at the university of michigan. what is considered attractive in one culture might not be in another. look at most western fashion magazines: the women on the pages are thin. but is this “perfect” body type for women worldwide? scientists answer is no; what is considered beautiful is subjective and varies around the world. they found native peoples in southeast peru preferred shapes regarded overweight in western cultures.for better or worse, beauty plays a role in our lives. but it is extremely difficult to describe exactly what makes one person attractive to another. although there do seem to be certain physical traits considered universally appealing, it is also true that beauty does not always keep to a single, uniform standard. beauty really is, as the saying goes, in the eye of the beholder.7. peoples ideas about beauty _.a. have existed since ancient timesb. can be easily describedc. have little influence on a persons successd. are based upon strict criteria8. in paragraph 3, the babies in the study _.a. were rated for their appearanceb. were entered in a beauty contestc. were shown photos of a group of college studentsd. were able to tell attractive faces from unattractive ones9. the underlined word “traits” in paragraph 4 probably means _.a. qualitiesb. measurementsc. judgmentsd. standards10. we can learn from the passage that _.a. the ideas of beauty vary as people grow upb. the search for beauty is rooted in lack of confidencec. the standards for beauty are based on scientific researchesd. the understanding of beauty depends on cultural backgrounds 【考点】社会现象【试题解析】本文主要介绍了人类对美的理解。1根据第一段，人们对美丽的追寻跨越了时间和地域（“the search for beauty spans centuries and continentstoday，people continue to”）。因此人们对于美的理解，始于从古代并一直存在。2根据第三段the babies spent more time looking at the attractive faces than the unattractive ones一句可知婴儿观看迷人脸孔的时间比非迷人脸孔的时间长，故婴儿可以区分迷人和非迷人脸孔。3根据第四段，大脑无意识告诉男人、女人这些特征丰满的嘴唇、光滑的皮肤、强壮的肩膀。故可推知traits在这里的意思是“特征”。4根据第五段our hardwiredness can be changed by all sorts of expectationsmostly cultural可知所有期待值都会改变我们的固有看法绝大多数是有关文化的。因此对美的理解依附于文化背景【答案】7a 8d 9a 10d第二节 阅读填空根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项多余选项。what exactly is cheating?11 for kids, cheating may happen at school, at home, or while playing a sport. if a baseball team is for kids who are 8 or younger, its cheating for 9-year-old to play on the team and hit home run after home run. 12 cheating can happen in a lot of different ways. jeff is doing it by sneaking answers to a test, but its also cheating to break the rules of a game or contest or to pretend something is yours when it isnt. when people cheat, its not fair to other people, like the kids who studied for the test or who were the true winners of a game or a contest. why kids cheat some kids cheat because theyre busy or lazy and they want to get good grades without spending the time studying. 13 even when there seems to be a “good reason” for cheating, cheating isnt a good idea.truth and consequencesmany kids feel tempted to cheat once in a while. most resist and do the work instead. some kids cheat once and feel so bad that they never do it again. 14 unfortunately, some kids start cheating and feel like they cant stop.making a comebackthere are plenty of reasons why a kid shouldnt cheat, but some kids have already cheated. 15 cheating can become a habit, but like other bad habits, a kid can always decide to act better and make better choices. it might help to talk the problem over with a parent, teacher, or counselor. choosing to play fair and be honest again can help a kid feel relieved and proud.a.how do people cheat?b.how to deal with cheat?c.others get caught and decide it isnt worth it.d.if thats you, its never too late to stop cheating.e.other kids might feel like they cant pass the test without cheating.f.theres an old saying that cheaters never win and winners never cheat.g.cheating is when a person misleads, deceives, or acts dishonestly on purpose.【考点】信息匹配【试题解析】本文主要分析了孩子作弊的原因及影响。1后文讲述了发生欺骗行为的一些场合，故为举例证明本段的中心句。故第一句应解释欺骗的概念。故可知选g。2根据第一句cheating can happen in a lot of different ways可知本段主要讲述人们行骗的方式，故选a。3本段主要解释为什么有些孩子作弊，故e选项正确。意为：有些孩子作弊是因为他们认为自己除了作弊就无法通过考试。根据语境可知选c。4本段主要展示孩子们作弊的不同感受及结果，只有c选项合适。本句意为：有些孩子被老师抓住作弊，并认为这是不值的。5本段标题意为“东山再起”。根据标题可知不玩那段主要是劝解作弊的孩子停止作弊。【答案】11g 12a 13e 14c 15d第二部分 英语基础知识运用 （满分20分）完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，共20分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。war started in our house in late july with a month to go before my first day of college. it was a battle of wills over what college i was to attend. mom wanted me to attend a famous 16 school, and i wanted to go to a small writing college. every night for two weeks, we argued, shouted and gave 17 treatments until both sides went to bed with regrets.it was mostly my 18 . since my junior year of high school, i had 19 at being a nurse. i took all the science courses, and even worked as a 20 in my towns local hospital. my 21 was to help the sick and be superwoman to the world.yet, 22 graduation and college neared, it all changed. treating the sick was 23 , but not what i was meant to do for the 24 of my life. i could picture myself in hospitals, making rounds, and taking 25 , but i couldnt picture myself happy. it wasnt the 26 i wanted.then, i realized i had been creating and writing stories for as long as i could 27 . i loved it, and writing was what i had been doing as a 28 . it was going to be my career. and it had to be.on august 1st, mom and i sat down at the dinner table and i told her that she had every 29 to choose where to spend her money, just like i had every right to decide where i wanted to go to school. if it was her choice not to 30 any of my college education, then i would take a year off to work and earn money so i could go to the college i wanted.standing by my decision to be a writer had 31 my firm belief to my mom. finally we were at 32 , and she decided to support me, which 33 the world to me.before that time, i had never stood up 34 my parents on any major decision. choosing which college to attend 35 me to become a separate and complete adult. i am now finished with my first semester as a professional writing major and i cannot wait to see what comes next.16. a. cookingb. gardening c. nursing d. writing17. a. medical b. warm c. mental d. silent18. a. success b. duty c. faultd. turn19. a. wondered b. aimed c. pointed d. looked20. a. student b. volunteer c. graduate d. doctor21. a. goal b. job c. task d. post22. a. before b. after c. until d. as23. a. rough b. noble c. mild d. tough24. a. rest b. part c. whole d. half25. a. notices b. examinations c. temperatures d. drugs26. a. future b. effect c. drill d. idea27. a. see b. wait c. find d. remember28. a. process b. hobby c. rule d. business29. a. chance b. time c. right d. ability30. a. finance b. expect c. raise d. offer31. a. doubted b. followed c. shaken d. proven32. a. peace b. war c. ease d. play33. a. attached b. applied c. devoted d. meant34. a. for b. against c. over d. by35. a. forced b. promised c. allowed d. reminded【考点】日常生活【试题解析】本文作者介绍了上大学前，就上一所什么样的大学和父母发生争执。最终在自己的坚持下，作者选择了一所有关写作专业的大学。1cooking做饭；gardening园艺；nursing保育；writing写作。下文得知作者在医院做志愿者照顾病患，故选c。2我们会争论，然后争吵，然后互相保持沉默，双方都很伤心得去睡觉了，争论的几个阶段对应。medical医疗的； warm温暖的； mental心理的； silent沉默的。故选d。3为什么会发生争论，因为错在我身上，之前一直做医院的志愿者让母亲误以为我想从事相关的职业，表示一个过渡关系，故用fault。success成功；duty职责； fault错误； turn次序。答案为c。4wonder想知道； aim把设为目标； point指出； look看起来。aim at目标成为。故选b。5高中生到医院里做志愿者，故选b6助病患和成为超人是我的目标。goal目标； job工作； task任务； post岗位。帮故选a。7随着毕业和大学的临近，一切都变了。 before在以前； after在之后； until直到； as随着，因为。as表示随着。选d。8照顾病患是高尚的工作，褒义词。rough粗糙的； noble高贵的； mild温柔的； tough艰苦的。故选b。9rest休息； part部分； whole全部； half一半。这不意味着我的余生都要从事这份工作，故选a。10notices布告； examinations考试； temperatures温度； drugs毒品。巡视病房，给病号量体温，take temperatures量体温，故选c。11这并不是我想要的未来。future未来； effect 影响； drill训练；idea主意。故选a。12从我记事起，我就一直在创作，在写东西。故选d。13原先，写作时我的一项爱好，而如今，它即将成为我的职业。process进程； hobby嗜好； rule制度； business生意。故选b。14下文i had very right to decide有提示，此处表示“她有权选择是否支持我去写作”。chance机会； time时间； right权利； ability能力。故选c。15如果她选择不资助我的大学学费，我将休学一年去攒钱。finance攒钱； expect期望； raise繁殖，提高； offer提出。故选a。16坚持自己要成为作家的观点向我的母亲证明了我坚定的信念。doubt怀疑； follow跟随，理解； shake晃动； prove证明。故选d。17原文刚开始提到war，此处终于平息了，因此为at peace。peace和平； war战争； ease平和； play玩耍。选a。18母亲决定支持我，这对于意义重大。attach黏住；apply应用； devote投入； meant意思是。the world在这里表“全部”的含义，故选d。19for为了； against反对； over超越； by依靠stand up against，在重大决定上违背父母的意见，选择“反对”，故选b。20选择上什么样的大学使得我成长为一个独立自主的成年人。allow有“使得”的意思。 force强迫； promise许诺； remind提醒。故选c。【答案】16-20 cdcbb 21-25 adbac 26-30 adbca 31-35 dadbc第ii卷（共50分）第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分25分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）根据课文内容填空daisy smiled. “that is good news. it shows the importance of wildlife36, but id like to help as the wwf suggests.” the carpet rose again and almost at once they were in a thick rainforest. a monkey watched them 37it rubbed itself. “ what are you doing?” asked daisy. “i am protecting myself from mosquitoes,” it replied. “when i find a millipede insect, i rub it over my body. it contains a powerful drug which38 them. you should pay attention to the rainforest 39i live and 40how the animals live together. ”many musicians meet and 41a band because they like to write and play their own music. they may start as a group of high-school students, 42practicing their music in someones house is the first step to fame. sometimes they may play to 43in the street or subway so that they can 44some extra money for themselves or pay for