黑龙江省哈尔滨市高考英语 阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练（10）.doc

哈尔滨市2014高考英语阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练（10）及答案levi strauss, who was born in 1830 and went to the usa at the age of 17, sat in the saloon and drank his beer slowly. he began to think. business was not good. nobody wanted to buy anything. he thought about the canvas and the pots and pans on the wagon. then he remembered the hole in hanks trousers. suddenly, he had an idea “pants”, he jumped up and shouted, “everyone needs pants.” he hurried to a tailor and gave him all his canvas.“i want you to make pants with this canvas,” he said. “can you do that?”“yes, of course,” said the tailor, “what name is it?”“strauss, levi strauss.”it was the beginning of jeans. now more than a hundred years later, people wear jeans all over the world and everyone knows the name of levi strauss. in the 1860s, farmers, rail-road workers, cowboys and miners helped to develop the new land. life was hard. they worked for long hours in all kinds of weather. they wore trousers made by levi strauss. they were the first people to wear jeans in america. jeans first came to europe with the american soldiers during world war ii. soon, workers in europe were wearing them. workers liked them: they were cheap, hardwearing and practical. they were not popular with young people generally until the late 1950s and early 1960s.it came suddenly. it started in america and it crossed the atlantic quickly. it was a new kind of music, a new kind of dance. rock n roll. the king of rock n roll was elvis presley. teenagers loved him. at home he wore a t shirt, an old leather jacket and blue jeans, so more and more teenagers began to wear jeans. they liked them tight.57. all the following statements are true except _.a. jeans could first be seen in europe during the second world war b. jeans were not popular with all americans until the late 1950s and early 1960s c. many people all over the world show interest in jeans at the present timed. farmers, railroad workers, cowboys and miners were the first people to wear jeans in america58. which of the following is the right order in jeans spreading?a. more and more teenagers began to wear jeans.b. more than a hundred years later people wear jeans all over the world.c. farmers, railroad workers, cowboys and miners started to wear jeans.d. soon, workers in europe were wearing jeans.e. not until the late 1950s and early 1960s were jeans popular with young people.f. levi strauss had jeans made at 17.a. f,c,d,b,e,ab. c,d,f,e,a,bc. a,c,d,e,b,fd. f,c,d,e,a,b 59. jeans became popular among the teenagers because _.a. they were cheap, hardwearing and practical b. they liked them tightc. their idol liked wearing them d. they came out like a new kind of music or dance60. the best title for the passage can be _.a. levi strauss, first man to invent jeans b. the best trousers jeansc. how jeans comes out and spreads d. reasons for jeans spreading参考答案 57-60 bdcc*结束高考英语必考动词考点30题大家知道，动词是高考英语中最重要的语法考点，根据近几年的高考试题分析，在单项填空中，动词少则有道(占单选总量的33.3%)，多则有8道(占单选题总量的53.3%)。其中涉及时态、语态、情态动词、非谓语动词、动词辨析、短语动词等。本文拟就对这一考点精编经典试题30道，供同学们考前复习之用。1. when youre learning to drive, _ a good teacher makes a big difference.a. have b. having c. and have d. and having2. anyone _ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.a. seen carry b. seen carrying c. saw to carry d. saw carrying3. any student _ will be disqualified from the exam. a. catching cheating b. catching to cheat c. caught cheating d. caught to cheat4. to test eggs, _ them in a bowl of water: if they float theyre bad, if they sink theyre good. a. put b. putting c. to put d. to be putting5. she read the letter through before sending it, _ for spelling mistakes.a. checked b. to be checking c. checking d. having checked6. _ this report _ in such a short time was quite a difficult exercise.a. getting, done b. get, done c. to get, to do d. getting, to do7. certainly i posted your letteri remember _ it. a. posting b. to post c. to be posting d. have posted8. i asked the boss for a months holiday and, _ it or not, he agreed.a. believe b. to believe c. believing d. believed9. _ wine, first you must press the grapes.a. making b. to make c. to be makingd. make10. before you decide to leave your job, _ the effect it will have on your family.a. consider b. considering c. to consider d. considered11. “i thought you wouldnt mind.” “well, as a matter of fact i dont, but you _ me first.” a. should ask b. should have askedc. must ask d. must have asked12. that car nearly hit me; i _. a. might be killed b. might have been killed c . may be killed d. may been killed13. you _ practise the drums while the baby is sleeping.a. neednt b. mightnt c. mustnt d. wont 14. you _ him the news; he knew it already.a. neednt tell b. neednt have told c. mightnt tell d. mightnt have told15. “whats her name?” “sorry, i _.” a. forget b. forgot c. had forgottend. am forgetting16. look at that little boy wandering about perhaps he _ his mother.a. will lose b. is losing c. had lost d. has lost17. its good that we _ to the park because its started to rain.a. dont go b. hadnt gone c. didnt go d. wasnt going18. i _ for five minutes; why dont they come?a. am calling b. called c. was callingd. have been calling19. you _ your turn so youll have to wait.a. will miss b. have missed c. are missing d. had missed20. i left my pen on the desk and now its gone; who _ it?a. took b. has taken c. will take d. had taken 21. they havent arrived yet but we _ them at any moment.a. are expected b. have expectedc. are expecting d. will expect22. youll never guess who i met todaymy old teacher! we _ for 20 years.a. dont meetb. havent met c. hadnt met d. couldnt meet23. i think you must be mistaken about seeing him at the theatre; im sure he _ abroad all week.a. is b. was c. has been d. had been24. i tried to phone her, but even as i _ she was leaving the building.a. phoned b. would phone c. had phoned d. was phoning25. we _ to move but are still considering where to go to.a. are deciding b. decided c. have decided d. had decided 26. a red sky in the morning _ to be a sign of bad weather. a. says b. is saying c. has said d. is said27. were so busy that no one in the office can _ for any other work.a. spare b. be spared c. share d. be shared28. all the girls swam in the lake except two, who _ halfway. a. gave off b. gave up c. gave away d. gave out29. if the new arrangement doesnt _, well go back to the old one. a. work over b. work out c. work up d. work down30. my worst fears were _ when i saw what the exam questions were. a. done b. seen c. finished d. realized【答案与解析】1. b when 引导的是时间状语从句，填空句为主句，动名词短语 having a good teacher 为主句主语。2. b anyone seen carrying bags为 anyone who was seen carrying bags 之略，其中过去分词短语 seen carrying bags用作定语修饰代词 anyone。3. c caught cheating 为 who is caught cheating 之省略。同时注意句型：catch sb doing sth (逮住某人做某事)。4. a 句首的 to test eggs 为目的状语，填空句为祈使句谓语，故用动词原形。5. c 现在分词短语在此表示伴随。6. a 注意句子的谓语是 was，getting this report done in such a short time 是动名词短语，用作句子主语。7. a remember doing sth=记住曾经做过的事，remember to do sth=记住要做的事。8. a believe it or not 是习语，用作插入语，其中的 believe 只用原形。9. b to make wine 为目的状语。10. a before 引导的是时间状语从句，填空句为主句，而此主句为一祈使句，故动词用原形。下面五题也都选a，道理是一样的：(1) before you send the letter, _ with bill to see if the address is right.a. check b. to check c. checking d. checked(2) if the car wont start, _ it.a. try pushing b. try push c. to try pushing d. to try to push(3) if they dont understand it the first time, _ over it again until they do.a. go b. to go c. going d. to be going(4) if youre going on a long car journey, _ sure the vehicles in good condition.a. make b. to make c. making d. having made(5) if you hear the fire bell, _ cool and dont panic.a. keep b. to keep c. keeping d. kept11. b should 后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”，此处含有责备之意。12. b 表示过去可能发生而实际上未发生的事，用might+动词完成式。若只是推测过去可能的事，则可用 may might + 动词完成式，如 he may might have gone. 他可能已经走了。13. c mustnt 在此相当于 cant。14. b neednt + 动词完成式的意思是：本来不必做某事，但实际上做了。上句意思是“你本来不必告诉他这个消息的，因为他(当时)已经知道了”。15. a 表示忘记“她”的名字在“现在”（即对方问话时）。16. d 由于那个小男孩徘徊的现象，推知他可能是找不到妈妈了。用现在完成时表示结果。17. c 句意为“好在我们（刚才）没有去公园，因为天（现在）已经开始下雨了”。18. d 用现在完成进行时表示持续到现在的一段时间。19. b 用现在完成时表示结果，即你已经错过了机会，其结果是：你只能等。20. b 用现在完成时表示影响或结果，即现在笔不见了，是由于某人已经把它拿走了的结果。21. c 表示目前的情况，用现在进行时。句意为“他们还没到，但我们预计他们随时都会到”。22. b 用现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间。23. c 用现在完成时表示影响或结果，即他整个星期都在国外，所以你说你在剧院见过他，你一定是搞错了。24. d 注意even as 的意思，它表示“正当的时候”或“恰当的时候”。25. c 用现在完成时表示影响。26. d 此句也可说成 it is said that a red sky in the morning is a sign of bad weather.27. b spare表示“腾出或省去(多余的人或物)”，根据句意，应用被动语态。28. b give up 指“放弃”。29. b work out 在此表示“使人满意”或“有好结果”。30. d realize 在此的意思不是“实现”，而是指“使(不安、恐惧等)成为事实”。 “there are only four kinds of people in this world,” former first lady rosalynn carter once wrote. “those who have been caregivers, those who currently are caregivers, those who will be caregivers, those who will need caregivers.” her comment is true now more than ever before. this is a nation of caregivers. you can see it in the numbers: approximately 50 million americans provide the majority of the help needed by relatives or friends who are elderly, ill, or disabled. and those figures are only going to growthe number of people 65 and over is expected to double in the next 40 years, and the number of those over 85 will more than three times.but the reality of caregiving is best understood not with figures but through the following stories of spouses(配偶), children, siblings (兄弟姐妹), and friends who have stepped forward when a loved one needed them. their experiences explain whats new about caregiving these days, and what never changes. whats new: an economic climate that makes the cost of caregiving harder than ever to bear; an increasingly mobile society in which families may be separated by a continent when a crisis unfolds; and the effects of divorce（离婚） and the increasing numbers of people who are choosing to stay single, which mean that many people are reaching their middle years and beyond without a spouse or child at hand. what never changes: the fact that neither fame nor fortune nor physical gifts protects against sickness and old age. and the fact that no difficulty will keep family and friends from doing what they can to help. we will meet some of the caregivers who have risen to the challenge here. for all of them, the experience has been stressful. but it has also brought their lives new meaning and strengthened their power to love.63. the main idea of the first paragraph is that_.a. former first lady rosalynn was a wise womanb. people in the world can be divided into four types c. a large number of americans are caregivers in a way d. america is a fast aging nation with 50 million in need of caregiving64. we can see from the third paragraph that_. a. more and more american people use mobile phones b. more and more american people work harder due to the climate change c. more and more middle aged american people do not want to get married d. more and more american families tend to live in different places in the world65. the underlined sentence in the last paragraph means_. a. everyone can be rich or famous b. everyone needs to be taken care of c. everyone should protect the sick and the old d. everyone will fight against sickness and old age66. what is the writer most likely to write about after the last paragraph? a. the stories of some caregivers. b. the changes of american society. c. the reason why something has changed about caregiving. d. the reason why something has not changed about caregiving.参考答案63-66 cdda *结束 in our deep mind, we all talk to ourselves an inner monologue(独白) that might seem rather pointless. but as a study shows, the act of giving ourselves mental messages can help us learn and perform at our best. researchers have identified the most effective forms of self-talk, collected hereso that the next time you talk to yourself, you know exactly what you should say.self-talk isnt just motivational messages like “you can do it!” or “almost there,” although this inside cheering section can give us confidence. a review of more than two dozen studies, published last year in the journal perspectives on psychological science, found that theres another kind of mental message that is even more useful, called “instructional self-talk.” this is the kind of running description we engage in when were carrying out a difficult task, especially one thats unfamiliar to us. think about when you were first learning to drive. your self-talk might have gone something like this: “foot on the gas pedal(踏板), hands on the wheel, slow down for the bend here, now put your blinker on”over time, of course, giving yourself instructions becomes unnecessary but while youre learning, it does three important things. first, it promotes our attention, focusing us on the important part of the task and keeping out distractions. second, it helps us manage our effort and make decisions about what to do, how to do it, and when. and third, self-talk allows us to control our cognitive(认知)and reactions, making us stay on tasks.in a recentstudy of students learning to throw darts(飞镖) in a gym class, athanasios kolovelonis and his colleagues at the university of thessaly in greece found that self-talk is most effective when involved in a cycle of thought and action. first comes forethought, when you set a goal for yourself and make a plan for how to get there. thats followed by performance, when you enact the plan to the best of your ability. last comes self-reflection, when you carefully evaluate what youve