（五年高考）高考英语 专题一 名词和冠词（全国通用）.doc

专题十一 电化学20152011年各省市高考题(改编).用所给词的适当形式填空1.(2015江苏，32)some schools will have to make (adjust) in agreement with the national soccer reform.解析句意：为了与国家足球改革相一致，一些学校将做出调整。固定表达make adjustments 做出调整。答案adjustments2.(2015江苏，35)go and say sorry to your mom, dave. id like to, but im afraid she wont be happy with my (apologize).解析句意：去和你的妈妈说对不起，dave.我想，但我怕妈妈不会接受我的道歉。作介词with的宾语和my的修饰语要用名词形式。答案apology/apologies3.(2015浙江，15)one of the most effective ways to reduce (stressful) is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.解析句意：减少压力最有效的方法之一是与信任的人谈谈你的感受。作动词reduce的宾语要用名词形式，stress压力，紧张，为不可数名词。答案stress4.(2015湖北，21)when he was running after his brother, the boy lost his (balanced) and had a bad fall.解析句意：追赶哥哥时，小男孩失去了平衡，重重摔了一跤。作动词lose的宾语要用名词形式。lose his balance失去平衡，失去均衡。答案balance5.(2015安徽，30)there is no need to tell me your answer now.give it some (think) and then let me know.解析句意：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。思考一下，然后让我知道。 some后应跟名词，thought想法。答案thought 6.(2014安徽，29)why not buy a secondhand car first if you dont have enough money for a new one? thats a good (suggest). 解析句意：如果你没有足够的钱买一辆新车的话，为什么不先买一辆二 手车呢？这是个不错的建议(suggestion)。形容词修饰名词，故用名词形式。 答案suggestion7.(2014湖北，21)her (motivate) for writing was a desire for women to get the right to higher education.解析句意：她写作的动机是出于对女性获得高等教育权利的渴望。形容词性物主代词修饰名词。答案motivation8.(2013江西， 22)whenever i made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with (patient).解析句意：每当我犯错的时候，老师都耐心地帮我指出来。with是介词，介词后用名词形式，故用patience。答案patience9.(2012山东，24)my first (impress) of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.解析句意：我对他的第一印象是，他是一个友好且体贴的年轻人。序数词first修饰名词。答案impression10.(2012福建，25)why do you choose to work in an international travel agency?well，you know，english is my (strong).so it is my best choice.解析句意：你为什么选择去一家国际旅行社工作？哦，你知道英语是我的强项。因此，这是我的最佳选择。形容词性物主代词my后跟名词，strength意为“长处，强项”。答案strength11.(2011湖北，22)giving up my job to go back to fulltime education was a big (commit)，but now i know it was the best decision i ever made.解析句意：放弃工作回去接受全日制教育是个巨大的“投入”，但是现在我意识到那是我所作出的最正确的决定。commitment“花费，使用(资金、时间、人力)”形容词修饰名词。答案commitment.用适当的冠词填空1.(2015江苏，33)why didnt you invite john to your birthday party?well, you know hes wet blanket.解析句意：为什么你没邀请约翰参加你的生日聚会？唉，你知道他是一个令人扫兴的人。固定表达a wet blanket 令人扫兴的人或物。答案a2.(2015浙江，2)janes grandmother had wanted to write childrens book for many years, but one thing or another always got in way.解析句意：琼的奶奶多年来一直想写一本儿童书籍，但总有这样那样的事情阻碍她不能实现。考查冠词。第一空表泛指，故用不定冠词a；第二空为固定表达get in the way妨碍，阻碍。答案a; the3.(2015重庆，3)i just heard bank where dora works was robbed by gunman wearing a mask.解析句意：我刚听说dora 工作的银行被一位蒙面持枪歹徒抢劫了。第一空为特指，表示“dora 工作的那家银行”，第二空为泛指，表示“一位蒙面持枪歹徒”。答案the; a4.(2015陕西，14) more learned a man is， more modest he usually becomes.解析句意：一个人的知识越是渊博，他通常就越谦虚。考查固定搭配。the more.the more.越越。答案the；the5.(2015四川，5)brian is gifted in writing music；he is very likely to be beethoven.解析考查冠词。句意：brian在创作音乐上极有才华，他很有可能成为一个像贝多芬那样的人才。本题考查不定冠词在人名前，表示：一个像那样的人。答案a6.(2014陕西，19) village where i was born has grown into town.解析考查冠词。句意：我出生的那个小村庄已经变成了一个城镇了。根据句意可知，“我出生的村庄”由定语从句修饰，表特指，用定冠词the；而第二空应是泛指。答案the；a7.(2014天津，8)life is like ocean：only strongwilled can reach the other shore.解析考查冠词。句意：生活就像一个大洋，只有那些意志坚强者才能到达彼岸。此句中的ocean是可数名词且是第一次出现，故用an；第二个空中theadj.表示一类人。答案an；the8.(2014浙江，2)the paper is due next month，and i am working seven days week，often long into night.解析考查冠词。句意：这篇论文预计下个月写完，我一星期工作七天，经常熬到深夜。a week泛指一星期；第二空为习惯用法，如work into the night工作到深夜。答案a；the9.(2014重庆，6)i cant tell you way to the wilsons because we dont have wilson here in the village.解析考查冠词。句意：我无法告诉你去威尔逊家怎么走，因为我们村没有叫威尔逊的。由句意可知前者是特指，后者为泛指。答案the；a10.(2014江西，22)they chose tom to be captain of the team because they knew he was smart leader.解析考查冠词用法。句意：因为他们知道汤姆是一位精明的领导，所以就选他当球队的队长。可知，第一空用定冠词是特指这个球队的队长，第二空用不定冠词表示泛指意义。答案the；a11.(2013福建，21)the “chinese dream” is dream to improve peoples wellbeing and dream of harmony, peace and development.解析考查冠词。句意：“中国梦”是一种提高人民生活的梦，是一种和谐、和平和发展的梦。由句意可知都用不定冠词a，表示泛指概念。答案a；a12.(2013山东，22)it was cold winter night and the moon was shining brightly across night sky.解析考查冠词用法。第一空“一个寒冷的冬夜”，应用不定冠词a；第二空“夜空”，指独一无二的事物用定冠词the。答案a；the13.(2013陕西，19)marco polo is said to have sailed on pacific ocean on his way to java in thirteenth century.解析句意：据说十三世纪时马可波罗曾经横渡太平洋前往爪哇。世界七大洲前不加the，而四大洋前需要加the。in the.century意为“在世纪”。答案the；the14.(2013新课标全国，31)india attained independence in 1947，after long struggle.解析考查冠词用法。句意：印度在长期抗争后，于1947年获得独立。 attain independence获得独立，是零冠词用法；after a long struggle经过一段长时间的抗争，用不定冠词a表示数量。答案/；a15.(2013重庆，32)the parents were shocked by news that their son needed operation on his knee.解析考查冠词。句中的news指的是that从句的内容，所以此处的news是特指，要用定冠词the；第二空处意为“需要做一次手术”，为泛指，要用不定冠词。答案the；an16.(2013江西，32)animals are obviously lower form of life than man.解析本题考查冠词。man表示“人类”的意义时，前面不加冠词。form是可数名词，前面有形容词修饰时要加不定冠词，故用a修饰。句意：很明显，动物是低于人类的一种生命形式。答案a；/17.(2012辽宁，21)i woke up with bad headache，yet by evening the pain had gone.解析句意：我醒来时头很痛，但到了晚上头痛就已经消失了。考查冠词的基本用法。两空后的名词均为可数名词，第一空表示泛指，加a；第二空表示特指，加the。答案a；the18.(2012浙江，2)the development of industry has been gradual process throughout human existence, from stone tools to modern technology.解析考查冠词。句意：在整个人类历史中，工业的发展从石器时代到现代科技时代，已经成为一个渐进的过程。第一空process是可数名词，第一次出现一般用不定冠词修饰，且此次表示“一个”的概念；第二空existence是不可数名词，此处表示抽象概念，故用零冠词。答案a；/19.(2011重庆，26)in communication, a smile is usually strong sign of a friendly and open attitude.解析考查冠词的用