（全国通用）中考英语 高频词汇10日通（Day 3）.doc

（day 3）1. how oftenhow often意为“多久（一次）”， 用来询问某动作间隔多久进行一次，即询问动作间隔的时间长度，动作发生的频率。通常是对一些表示频率的副词提问，如always, usually, often, sometimes, never等。也可以对表示“多久几次”之类的短语提问，如once a week（一周一次），twice a year（一年二次），three times a day（一天三次）等。how long, how soon, how often（1）how long意为“多久、多长时间”主要是对一段时间进行提问，答语通常是( for) three days/weeks/months等时间段，它可用于各种时态。 how long did the meeting last？这个会开了多长时间？ about half an hour. 大约半小时。（2）how soon意为“还要多久”，是对从某个基本时间到将来某动作结束或其动作发生这段时间提问，常用在一般将来时态的句子中，答语通常是“in十段时间”。 how soon will the road be finished？这条路要多久才能完工？ in a few months. 几个月之内。（3）how often意为“隔多久”，用来提问在某一特定的时间进行某个动作的次数，答语通常是always, usually, often, sometimes, once/twice a week/month等。 how often do you visit your uncle? 你要隔多久去拜访你叔叔一次？ once a week.每周一次。2. hardlyhardly虽然是副词，但不是hard的副词形式。它的意思是“几乎不”，“简直不”，相当于一个否定词，前面多和can连用，意思上接近于almost not。由于hardly本身已经表示否定，不应当再加否定词。my legs were so weak i could hardly stand.我的腿软得简直不能站立。拓展hard可用作形容词或副词。用作形容词时，hard意为“困难的；艰难的”。the problem is so hard that i cant work it out. 这题太难了，我算不出来。hard用作副词，意为“努力地”，“猛烈地”。the people are all working hard.人们都在努力工作。the little girl looked at me and cried harder and harder.那小女孩看了看我，哭得越来越厉害。3. although/ though（1） although连词，意为“尽管，虽然”，可以引导让步状语从句。注意不能和but连用，但可以和yet, still等连用。although it was very late, he went on working.虽然很晚了，他还继续工作。（2） though与although意义相同，有时指假设的情况，不指事实，所引导的从句用虚拟语气；而although多指事实，所引导的从句用陈述语气。i will try it, though i may fail.即使我可能失败, 我也要试一下。although it was so cold, he went out without an overcoat.天气虽然很冷, 他没有穿大衣就出去了。4. keep (kept; kept; keeping; keeps)vt. （1）使（人或物）保持某种状态she couldnt keep her tears.她止不住流下泪来。（2）保存；保留；留住how long can i keep this book? 这本书我能用多久？vi. 保持着某种状态；处于某一地点、位置或继续活动meat doesnt keep in hot weather. 热天, 肉保存不住。keep doing和keep on doingkeep doing意思是“继续不断地做某事”，强调动作不间断地进行，般来说，keep接的现在分词作表语。he kept talking. 他连续不断地说。keep on之后不能接动词不定式，要与动词的-ing形式连用。keep doing也是“不断地做某事”的意思，但强调动作的反复性。the little girl kept on asking questions. 那个小女孩不停地问问题。6. must aux.must无时态和人称变化, 后面接不带 to 的动词不定式。（1）必须, 应当（表示义务、命令或必要）we must keep our word.我们必须遵守诺言。you must not do it.你不可以做那件事。由must引起的一般疑问句的否定回答要用neednt。 must i come here tomorrow? 我明天必须来这里吗？ no, you neednt. 不必。（2） 一定；必定是（表示推断、推测）you must be hungry. 你一定饿了。there must be a mistake. 准是弄错了。have to和musthave to是情态动词，意为“必须，不得不”，后面跟动词原形。强调由于外在的客观原因而使主语必须做某事。使用时，各种句型的变化方法与行为动词相同。its getting dark, i have to go home now.天黑了，我得现在回家。must也作“必须”解，但它所强调的是说话者的主观愿望。i must go now, or ill be late. 我必须现在就走，否则就迟到了。7. until prep.& conj.prep.（1） 直到为止（与持续性动词连用，表示动作、状态的继续）i shall wait until monday. 我将等到星期一。注意until与till可替换，until比较正式，且句首较常用until。（2） 直到才；在之前（用于否定句，常与瞬间动词连用）they didnt leave here until the next day. 他们直到第二天才离开这里。conj.（1） 直到为止（表示动作状态的继续）well wait for you until you come back.我们将一直等到你回来。（2） 直到才（用于否定句）i didnt go to bed until my father got home. 直到爸爸到家我才睡觉。8. hear (heard; heard; hearing; hears)vt. （1）听见i listened but i could hear nothing. 我认真听，但是什么没有听到。（2） 听说i have heard that mr. li has gone to japan. 我听说李先生去日本了。vi. 听见，听im sorry, i didnt quite hear. 对不起，我没有听清楚。hear后面可以跟现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“听到某动作正在进行”。也可以跟不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，即hear sb. do，则去示“听到某一动作发生的过程”。can you hear her singing in the next room? 你能听到他在隔壁房间唱歌吗？i heard him sing an english song yesterday. 昨天我听见他唱了一首英文歌。短语搭配：hear of/ about 听说hear from sb. 受到某人的来信拓展hear和listen hear是“听见”、“听到”，不是有意识地听，侧重于“听”的结果。hear在作“听见”时，不能用现在进行时态中。what did you hear just now? 你刚才听见什么了？ listen是“听”，指有意识地倾听，但不一定听见，侧重于“听”的动作。listen是不及物动词，后面常用介词to。listen to可以用在进行时态中。please listen to the teacher carefully in class. 课堂上请认真听讲。9.another adj. 再一，别的，不同的ill give you another example. 我再给你举个例子。pron. 另一个i dont like this shirt, give me another please. 我不喜欢这件衬衣, 请另外给我一件。拓展another和the otherthe other表示两个人或两个物中的另一个或另一部分，常与one搭配构成one, the other句型。hold it in this hand, not the other.用这只手握着, 不要用那只手。another表示三个以上的人或物中同类的另一个；也可用作形容词，修饰后面的名词，意为“另一个，又一个”。we need another chair. 我们再要一把椅子。i dont want the green apple. please give me another. 我不想要这个箐苹果，请给我另一个吧。1. is “lucky 52”shown on cctv-2? every week. a. how long b. how often c. how many times d. how soon2. sorry, your dress isnt ready yet? _ will it be ready? a. how long b. how soon c. how often d. how far3. _ did it _ the conductor to check the tickets this morning. half an hour. a. how soon; take b. how long; cost c. how often; spent d. how long; take4. peter, _ do you visit your grandparents? twice a month.a. how long b. how soon c. how far d. how often4. i know i have met the girl before, but i can _ remember her name. a. easily b. hard c. really d. hardly5. janes brother didnt work so _ as the others did in his class. a. harder b. hard c. hardest d. hardly6. can you follow me? sorry, i can _ follow you. you speak too fast.a. hardly b. nearly c. clearly7. the poor man ate a big breakfast _ he said he wasnt hungry. a. since b. becausec. though d. for8. _ they are brothers, they dont look like each other at all. a. because b. though c. when d. as9. fei junlong and nie haisheng said, “_ we didnt see the great wall, we felt excited when we passed over china.” a. because b. if c. althoughd. as10. _ i live near the sea, i am not a good swimmer.a. but b. althoughc. if d. so11. the earth is our home. we must _ the land, air and water clean.a. change b. share c. notice d. keep12. how long may i _ these books? half a month. a. borrow b. lend c. keep d. get13. please keep your eyes _. a. closing b. close c. closed d. to close14. when traffic lights are red, we _ stop and wait.a. may b. can c. must d. might15. you _ be tired after working for eight hours without a rest. a. can b. may c. must d. need16. may i do the rest of the work tomorrow? yes, of course. you _ finish it today. a. must b. mustnt c. neednt17. i cant stop smoking, doctor. for your health, im afraid you _.a. may b. need c. have to d. must18. he didnt go to bed _ he finished the work. a. since b. after c. until d. because19. you dont look well, whats wrong with you. wang ming? last week i watched the football match and didnt go to bed _ 12 oclock. a. when b. until c. as d. while20. i didnt know he came back _ i met him in the street. a. since b. when c. until d. after21. _! its the music of mozart. be quiet. a. hear b. sound c. sing d. listen22. _ me carefully, boys and girls. can you _ me? a. listen to; hear from b. hear; listen to c. hear; hear d. listen to; hear23. is wei fang good at singing? yes, she is. we often hear her