（全国通用）中考英语 高频词汇10日通（Day 1）.doc

（day 1）1. excuse meexcuse me的基本含义是“对不起”，“请原谅”。它可不像sorry那样，事后才向别人赔礼，而是事前就先向别人致歉。在日常生活中，以excuse me作为开头语，一来可以引起别注意；二来表示自己的彬彬有礼。在英国英语中，下列情景要用excuse me：（1）向别人问路、问时间时。excuse me! where is the washroom? 请问，洗手间在哪里？（2）当你询问别人是否准许你做事时。excuse me! can i put my bike here? 对不起，我能把自行车放在这儿吗？（3）当你向别人打听某人（某事）时或当你要证实对方是不是某人时。 excuse me! are you mr. black? 打扰了，你是布莱克先生吗？no, im not. 不，我不是。拓展sorry是im sorry的省略式。sorry是用于表达由于某种过失或办不成某事的一种歉意。常用在以下语境中：（1）当自己犯了错误而给对方可能带来麻烦时。im sorry. im late. 对不起，我来晚了。（2）当别人向你请求某事，而你无法满足或爱奠能助时。can you spell it, please? 请问，你会拼写它吗？sorry, i cant. 对不起，我不会。2. howadv.（1）作疑问副词, 引起问句（表示方法，手段，状态），意为“如何, 怎样”。how does he go to school? 他是怎样去上学的？（2）作连接副词, 引起从句（也可以和不定式连用），意为“如何, 怎样”。i asked how he was getting on. 我问他近来怎么样。i should like to know how to do it well. 我很想知道怎样才能做好这件事。（3）和many, much, long 等连用，表示“多少, 多久”。how long have you been waiting? 你已经等了多久?（4）用于感叹句中，表示“何等, 多么”。how well she sings! 她唱得多好啊！3. findvt.（1）找到i cant find my e-dictionary. 我找不到我的电子词典。（2）发现，发觉i found a book lying on the ground. 我发现地板上有本书。we found it difficult to understand him. 我们觉得难以理解他。find(v.)的反义词为lose(v.)“丢失”。find后面常接动名词作补语，接省略to的不定式作补语，或跟宾语补语。拓展find, look for和find out三者均有“找”的含义，但“找”的方式不一样。（1）find为“找到” ，强调的是找的结果，通常指偶然发现。have you found the bike you lost last week? 你找到上周丢的自行车了吗？（2）look for意为“寻找”，强调的是找的动作或过程。 are you still looking for that place？你还在找那个地方吗？（3）find out指经过观察、调查把某事、某物查出来，搞清楚、弄明白。when he was a child, he liked to find out how things worked. 当他还是个孩子时，就爱弄明白各种事物的来龙去脉。4. take vt., vi.(took , taken , taking )（1）拿；取please take those things home. 请把那些东西拿回家。（2）拿走；带走who has taken my chocolate? 谁拿了我的巧克力？拓展take“拿走”“带走”，指离开说话方向而去；bring“带来”，是指朝说话人从别处把东西或人带来。he brought a new book with him. 他带来一本新书。（3）花费（时间）常用it作形式主语，宾语大多是时间、金钱。常用句型为：it takes(sb) some time to do sth.。just a minute, it wont take me long to change. 等一下,我很快就可以换好衣服。（4）吃；喝；服用；吸入take your medicine. 把药服下。（5）乘，坐，搭（车、船）shall we go by bus or take a taxi? 我们是乘公共汽车去还是乘出租汽车去? 短语搭配take a walk 散步take away 拿走take a train(a bus) 乘火车（公共汽车）take down 取下take off 脱下,起飞 take care of照料take out 取出take a rest 休息take ones time 不急；慢慢等take turns 轮流take a picture照相take ones temperature 量体温5. have vt.（1）有i have a few friends here.在这儿我有一些朋友。拓展动词have与there be表示“有”的区别：have表示“拥有”，常用来表达所属或构成关系，主语多是人；而there be结构通常表示“某处有某物（或某人）”，是表示存在意义的“有”，主语是紧接其后的名词，而不是后面的地点。试比较：i have a new dictionary. 我有一本英语词典。there is a dictionary in my bag. 我书包里有一本英语词典。（2）吃；喝what did you have for supper? 晚餐你们吃了什么？（3）进行；经受we had sports meeting last week. 上周我们举行了运动会。have作助动词时与过去分词一起连用，构成现在完成时或过去完成时。i have already seen the film.我已看过这部电影。短语搭配have用作行为动词还常与一些名词搭配在一起，构成短语，表示做某件事情。此时短语have的意思失去了“有”含义。have a lesson上课have a meeting 开会have a good time 玩得高兴have breakfast/ lunch/ supper吃早饭(午饭、晚饭)have a look (at)看一看 have a talk 谈话、交谈have a rest 休息一下have a headache 头疼6. let vt., vi. (let, letting)（1）允许，让my mother wouldnt let me go to the film. 我妈妈不会让我去看电影的。（2）放开；释放let each man decide for himself. 让每个人自己决定。let的宾语后面常跟不带to动词不定式作宾语补足语。像这样的动词还有feel, hear, notice, see, watch等（3）lets.是let us的的缩写，意为“让我们”。 let后面的宾语如果是代词，应用宾格，后面接动词原形。回答时，如同意，可说ok!或all right!等；如不同意，则说no, lets .。lets make it a little earlier.让我们（把时间定得）稍早一点儿吧。ok.好的lets play basketball.我们打篮球吧。no, lets go and see the monkeys.不，我们去看猴子吧。（4）在以lets开头的祈使句中，其反意疑问部分要用shall we?若以let us开头，反意疑问部分要用will you? lets have a break, shall we?let us stop here, will you?在上述两个例句中，lets的含义是包括听话的人在内，let us的含义是“请求允许”，不包括听话的人在内。7. soundvt. & vi.似乎；听起来his explanation sounds all right. 他的解释似乎有理。your idea sounds a good one. 你的想法听起来很好。sound为连系动词，后边接形容词，构成系表结构。表示“听起来”。that sounds interesting. 那听起来很有趣。that sounds boring. 那听起来很无聊。拓展其他常用连系动词：taste尝起来 feel感受到 touch摸起来 smell闻起来 look看起来8. like vt.（1）喜欢, 爱好do you like your teacher? 你喜欢你们的老师吗？（2）like常与should, would连用，意为“欲, 想, 愿意, 希望”。i should like to stay here. 我想留在这里。（3）感觉how do you like this book? 你觉得这本书怎么样?like doing和like to do（1）like doing (sth.)表示“喜欢做某事”，它侧重于经常性地喜欢做某事。tom likes flying kites. tom喜欢放风筝。（2）like to do (sth.) 表示“喜欢做（某事）”，它侧重于具体的、一次性的动作或行为，也表示偶然喜欢做某事。i like going fishing, but i dont like to do it today.我喜欢钓鱼, 但我今天不想钓。would likewould like表示“想做某事”，would like主要用于婉转地提出请求、建议或某种看法。语气比want更委婉。would like后面一般跟动词不定式，也可以跟事物名词。在表示建议或请求时，肯定回答常说yes, please/ yes, id love(like) to；否定回答常说no, thanks. would like.意为“你想要吗？”用来提出建议，后面可以接名词，也可以接动词不定式。would you like something to eat?你想要吃的东西吗？would you like to go shopping with me?你愿意和我一起去买东西吗？yes, id love to! 是的，我很原意。would you like a mooncake?吃块月饼好吗？no, thanks. 不用，谢谢。1. _! is that your bike under the tree? a. im sorryb. excuse me c. tell me d. pardon2. _, could you tell me the way to the park street? the park street? oh, go straight and turn left. you cant miss it.a. all right b. never mindc. excuse med. thank you3. are you miss green? no, im not. oh, _. a. excuse me b. sorry c. thank you d. all right4. _ do they come to school every day? they _ the subway. a. how, byb. what, takec. how, taked. what, by5. this blue jacket looks nice on you. _ is it? its 50 dollars. a. how manyb. how muchc. how longd. how often6. _ beautiful the bird is! a. what b. what a c. how d. how a7. my dad bought me a new mp4, but i dont know _. lets read the instructions.a. what to use b. which one to usec. how to use it d. when to use it8. please _ an umbrella with you when you go out. a. bring b. put c. get d. take9. why do chinese people like red? because they think it can _ them good luck.a. carryb. bringc. maked. take10. miss king has visited the art museum. i am going to _ her somewhere else this afternoon.a. takeb. bringc. pushd. carry11. how long did it _ you to finish the work yesterday? two hours. a. spent b. cost c. take d. pay12. my sister _ a good baseball.a. is b. have c. has d. there is13. does he _ a sister? no, he doesnt.a. has b. is c. have d. are14. let him _ a rest. i think he must be tired after the long walk. a. have b. gets c. to take d. has15. why wont you go to the movie with me, betty? because i _ it twice.a. see b. will seec. saw d. have seen16. lets _ take the baby home. a. not b. not to c. dont d. no17. lets go out and play football. _.a. its very kind of you b. it doesnt matterc. thats a good idea d. youre welcome18. let us listen to the mp3, _? a. shall we b. will you c. do we d. dont we19. the suitcase looks too heavy for the lady to carry. lets go to help her, _? a. will youb. wont you c. shall we d. do we20. the songs of s. h. e. sound _. their cds sell _.a. well, well b. good, well c. well, good21. have you heard the song “take me to your heart”? yes, it _ terrific. all of us like it very much.a. smells b. sounds c. looks d. tastes22. my aunt _ cakes very much. a. like to make b. likes t