高级英语 lesson 11 复习重点.doc

Lesson 11 But Whats a Dictionary For?单词4through light on 帮助说明，阐明much-touted 广受好评的sound and fury 吵闹场面，喧哗骚动take refuge in 逃到，在中避难booby trap 陷阱furnish with 提供hail v. 赞扬eliminate =get rid of vt. 消除，淘汰clout n. 影响力，势力 v.敲打much-clouted 猛烈抨击的in terms of 根据，按照dynamic adj. 有生气的，充满活力的fury n. 愤怒，狂怒insofar as 在范围之内no respecter of persons 平等待人verbosity n. 冗长，赘言take refuge in a log cabin 过多追究往事elevation n. 晋级，提升Paraphrase1. a flagrant example of lexicographic irresponsibility.(Para. 1)编者极其不负责的典范。a shameless example of irresponsibility in making the dictionary2. What underlies all this sound and fury? (Para. 2)究竟是什么导致了这场喧闹？What causes the abuse in the popular press?3. It cannot be described in terms of any other language, or even in terms of its own past. (Para. 9)每种语言都不能通过其他语种来描述，甚至不能从其自身的早期形式来形容。Each language cannot be described according to other language, or even by its own past.4. All languages are dynamic rather than static (Para. 10)所有语言都处于发展之中而非静止。Every living language is in a process of constant change. 5. Even in so settled a matter as spelling, a dictionary cannot always be absolute. (Para. 19)即使是拼写这样较为确定的事情，词典都不能给予绝对权威的说明。Even in spelling, which is so stable and hardly debatable, a dictionary cannot always decide absolutely which is right and which is wrong. 6. But neither his vanity nor his purse is any concern of the dictionarys (Para. 10)然而，词典既没有必要满足他的虚荣心，也没有义务去关心他的钱包。A dictionary should record the fact without bothering whether it can satisfy the vanity of those who use a dictionary to prove their unyielding position in an argument or help those who bet some money in support of their conviction. 7. Has the dictionary abdicated its responsibility? (Para. 21)是词典失职了吗？Has the dictionary failed to do its duty?8. lexicography, like God, is no respecter of persons. (Para. 21)词典如同上帝一样，不会奉迎任何人。Lexicography is a science and its judgment, like the judgment of God, cannot be swayed by anybody no matter what high social position he may occupy.9. And this, too, is complex, subtle, and forever changing. (Para. 22)这方面的情况也是复杂而微妙的，并且总是处于变化之中。And this is also complicated, delicate, and always changing. 10. the editorial charges the Third International with “pretentious and obscure verbosity. (Para. 23)该社论职责第三版的“矫揉造作，晦涩难懂”。The editorial accuses the Third International of being pedantically and confusingly wordy.TranslationEnglish to Chinese1. We have come to terns.我们已经达成协议2. He always considers problems in terms of money.他总是从钱的角度考虑问题。3. They speak of the boy in terms of praise. 谈到这个男孩时他们总是赞不绝口。4. The 2 countries have kept on good terms since then.从那时起两国一直保持着友好关系。5. You must set it down to his account.你必须把这事儿算在他头上。6. We set down our success to your help.我们将成功归功于你。7. His parents set him up as a lawyer.在父母的资助下他当上了一名律师。8. They were held up by fog.大雾使他们耽搁了。9. Its hard work. But you must hang on.即使工作很困难，你也一定要坚持下去。10. She has turned to singing.她改行做歌手了。TranslationEnglish to Chinese1. 谐趣园是仿照无锡的一座花园建造的。The Garden of Harmonious Interest was modeled on a garden in Wuxi.2. 他号召孩子们以解放军英雄为榜样。He called on the children to model themselves on the PLA heroes.3. 这本书应归入哲学类。This work may be relegated to philosophy.4. 本杰明富兰克林不仅是政治家，而且还是科学家、发明家。Benjamin Franklin was as much a scientist and an inventor as a statesman.5. 他把每次实验的结果都记在本子上。He set down the founding of every experiment in his notebook.6. 你能用简明的语言概括这首古诗的中心思想吗？Can you conclude the main idea of this ancient poem in simple terms?7. 我们应不断地使自己的思想适应变化的情况。We should perpetually adapt our thinking to the changing environment.8. 年轻的士兵冻死在雪地里，手里还紧握着枪。The young soldier died of the coldness in the snow, his hands still hanging on to the gun.9. 该公司将为他们提供住宿和交通工具。It is said that company will furnish them with accommodation and transportation.10. 车速限制在每小时55公里之内。Motor vehicles speed is restricted to 55km per hour.11. 电报转达了首都人民对震区人民深切的关怀。The telegram message conveyed the deepest concern of the capital people for those in te quake-afflicted areas.12. 关于作者本人的情况，你能从文章本身猜出些什么？What can you infer about the author from the passage itself?13. 她特别喜欢古典音乐。She has a preference for classical music.14. 教师让学生多用用英英词典，而不要总用英汉词典。The teacher encourages the students to use English-English dictionaries in preference to English-Chinese dictionaries.修辞(Para. 1) The storm of abuse in the popular press that greeted(拟人 personification) the appearance of Websters Third New International Dictionary is a curious phenomenon.(Para. 1) They doubted that “Lincoln could have modeled his Gettysburg Address” on ita concept of how things get written that throws very little light on Lincoln but a great deal on Life(押头韵 alliteration) (讽刺 sarcasm).(Para. 5) The difference, for example, between the much-touted Second International (1934) and the much-clouted(谐音 assonance) Third International (对照 antithesis) (1961) is not like the difference between yearly models but like the difference between the horse and buggy and the automobile.(Para. 15) The issue of the New York Times which hailed the Second International as the authority to which it would adhere and the Third International as a scandal(拈连zeugma). (Para. 15) The Washington Post, in an editorial captioned “Keep Your Old Websters”(转喻 metonymy)(Para. 16) In short, all of these publications are written in the language that the Third International describes(转喻 metonymy)(Para. 19) But neither his vanity nor his purse(提喻 synecdoche) is any concern of the dictionarys; it must record the facts.(Para. 23) After a ringing appeal to those who “love truth and accuracy” and the usual bombinations(移就transferred epithet) about “abdication of authority” and “barbarism”, the editorial charges the Third International with “pretentious and obscure verbosity” (移就transferred epithet) and specially instances its defi