Unit 4 Biology.ppt

Unit4Biology Unit4DarwinandtheTheoryofEvolution textorganization textcomprehension translationtechniques TextOrganization VoyageoftheBeagle Theoryofnaturalselection Reflectiononcousinmarriage Reactionstothetheory Recognitionofthetheory TextComprehension VoyageoftheBeagle1 WhatistheeffectofDarwin svoyageoftheBeagle 2 Whatisthecatastrophisttheory Line1 Para 3 3 WhatareNoah sfloodandNoah sark Lines4 5 Para 3 thevoyageoftheBeagle TheVoyageoftheBeagleBeginningonthe27thofDecember 1831 thevoyagelastedalmostfiveyearsand asFitzRoyhadintended Darwinspentmostofthattimeonlandinvestigatinggeologyandmakingnaturalhistorycollections whiletheBeaglesurveyedandchartedcoasts Hekeptcarefulnotesofhisobservationsandtheoreticalspeculations andatintervalsduringthevoyagehisspecimensweresenttoCambridgetogetherwithlettersincludingacopyofhisjournalforhisfamily Noah sfloodandNoah sark1Godobservesthattheearthiscorruptedwithviolenceanddecidestodestroyalllife ButNoah wasarighteousman blamelessinhisgeneration and NoahwalkedwithGod andGodgiveshiminstructionsfortheconstructionofanark intowhichheistoldtobring twoofeverysort ofanimal maleandfemale andtheirfood Noah sfloodandNoah sark2GodinstructsNoahtoboardtheArkwithhisfamily andsevenpairsofthebirdsandthecleananimals andtwopairsoftheuncleananimals and onthesamedayallthefountainsofthegreatdeepwerebrokenup andthewindowsofheavenwereopened andtherainwasupontheearth andGodclosesupthedooroftheArk Thefloodbegins andthewatersprevailuntilallthehighmountainsarecoveredfifteencubitsdeep andallthepeopleandanimalsandcreepingthingsandbirdsoftheheavensareblottedoutfromtheearth andonlyNoahandthosewithhimintheArkremain Theoryofnaturalselection1 Whatisthetheoryofnaturalselection 2 Whatarethedifferencesbetweenitandthecatastrophisttheory Reflectiononcousinmarriage1 WhatistheinfluenceofDarwin sfamilylifeonhim EmmaWedgwood Darwin swife In1851DarwinwasdevastatedwhenhisdaughterAnniedied BythenhisfaithinChristianityhaddwindled andhehadstoppedgoingtochurch Reactionstothetheory1 HowdidpeopleatthattimereacttoDarwin stheory An1871caricaturefollowingpublicationofTheDescentofManwastypicalofmanyshowingDarwinwithanapebody identifyinghiminpopularcultureastheleadingauthorofevolutionarytheory Recognitionofthetheory1 Howdidpeopleatthebeginningofthe20thcenturyviewDarwin stheory 2 Whatdoyouthinkistheoriginofspecies DoyouagreewithDarwin TranslationTechniques translationofEnglishpronouns TranslationofEnglishPronouns Task Translatethefollowingsentences 1 DespitethefactthatEmmawasadeeplyreligiouswomanwhocouldneverreconcileherselftoherhusband sideaofevolution thebondbetweenthemcouldnotbebroken Althoughasourceofgreatunhappinessforbothofthem theirconflictingbeliefsdidnotcompletelydestroytheirdeepaffectionforoneanother Theirswasahappyandcompanionablemarriage Lines3 7 Para 8 TranslationofEnglishPronouns 1 尽管爱玛笃信宗教 却未曾因为丈夫是进化论者而放弃自己的信仰 她与丈夫的感情纽带也未因此断裂 信仰的不同给他们彼此都造成了巨大的创伤 但这并没有毁掉他们之间的深厚情感 他们的婚姻生活幸福美满 TranslationofEnglishPronouns 2 Darwinwasknowntohaveconfidedtohisclosefriendshisfearsof hereditaryweakness anditwaswiththeseconcernsinmindthatDarwinfelttheneedtoreflectuponhisownlifeforthebenefitofhischildren TheclosenessoftheDarwinfamilyandDarwin sfondnessforhischildrenisfurtherhighlightedbythetragedyofhisdaughterAnnie sdeath Lines5 8 Para 9 TranslationofEnglishPronouns 2 据悉达尔文曾私下对其好友提及对遗传缺馅的忧虑 正是这种担忧驱使他为了孩子们而反思自己的生活 女儿安妮的死使达尔文家庭成员之间的关系更为亲密 也使他对子女的爱更为深沉 TranslationofEnglishPronouns 3 Herdeathattheageoftenhitthefamilyhard butitseemedtohavebroughtparticularandlastingdistresstoDarwin Andagain Annie sdeathaddedtohisfearsofhereditaryweakness Lines10 11 Para 9 TranslationofEnglishPronouns 3 安妮10岁便离开人世 给了达尔文一家重重一击 丧女之痛伴随达尔文终生 女儿的早逝再次加重了达尔文对遗传缺陷的恐惧 EnglishPronouns FeaturesandTranslationTechniques definition function types translationtechniques definition wordusedinplaceofanounornounphrase function Englishpronounsareusedforreference bywhichthesamethingentersintothediscourseasecondtime Cohesionisachievedthroughtheuseofpronouns Incontrast inChinesetext repetitionandomissionareusedforreferenceandChinesepronounsarenotusedasmany types personalpronoun I my mine anddemonstrativepronoun it this these translationtechniques pronounomissionrepetition 1 pronounTheConstitutionoutlinesthestructureofthenationalgovernmentandspecifiesitspowersandactivities 联邦宪法概述了全国政府的组成方式并规定了其权利和职能 2 omission 泛指代词 人称代词 物主代词 it Whenamanreachestheageofsixty five hemay