定语从句专辑_05_定语从句历届高考真题解析.doc

第5章 定语从句历届高考真题解析 2016 定语从句专辑 、定语从句历届高考真题解析001.I dont like _ you speak to her. (1996上海).A. the wayB. the way in thatC. the way whichD. the way of which本题原始句为I dont like the way how(=in which) you speak to her. 四个答案，都是围绕着关副引出的定语从句打转。1、否决B。介词移至关系词前，关系词就不可用that。用the way in which则可，出题老师很狡猾，偏偏没有这个选项。2、否决D。论方法way时，介词用in而不是of。3、否决C。因为关系副词引出的定语从句中，way须对应how，所以the way how则可。4、选A。v这题有三个写法the way how = the way that = the way，参见章节3-4关副定语从句省略变化。002.Carol said the work would be done by October, _ personally I doubt very much. (1999上海)A. itB. thatC. whenD. whichCarol said无视。左句the work would be done by October完整，右句doubt及物而无宾语，可知空格内必为“连接词名词(做doubt的宾语)”。1、否决A。缺连接词，it不是连接词。2、否决B。逗点后面不可接出that引领的补述定语从句。3、否决C。when是连接词，但不具名词身份。4、选D。003._ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior schools is increasing. (1999上海)A. WhichB. AsC. ThatD. it右句the number.is increasing完整，左句有动词is，可知空格内必为“连接词名词(做is的主语)”。1、否决D。缺连接词，It不是连接词。2、否决A。定语从句要接在先行名词后面，此处Which前面无先行词。3、否决C。此处That若非连接词则全句缺连接词。That若是连接词且启首必然是“that-从句”（见第23章名词从句）。然而，that-从句that标准句子that主语动词，可是本题That is mentioned above的That is中间没有主语。4、选B。v记住：前置式定语从句就是As起首，见章节2-4。004.Have you seen the film “Titanic”, _ leading actor is world-famous? (2001上海春)A. itsB. itsC. whoseD. which左句Have you.Tiantic完整，右句leading ac tor.famous算它完整(leading actor要有冠词)，可知空格内仅是连接词。1、否决A/B。缺连接词，its/Its都不是连接词。2、否决D。which是关代，在右边leading actor is world-famous无处容身。v关代须在后面从句做主语或宾语(偶尔表语)，但后面从句基本完整。3、选C。005.John said hed been working in the office for an hour, _was true. (2001北京春)A. heB. thisC. whichD. whoJohn said无视。左句hed been.an hour完整，右边有was true，可知空格内必是“连接词名词(做was的主语)”。1、否决A/B。缺连接词，he/this都不是连接词。2、否决D。语意不对。既然关代是who，则先行词必定是人，若此，补述定语从句who was true应该放置在John后面。3、选C。006.He was very rude to the Customs officer, _of course made things even worse. (1999上海)A. whoB. whomC. whatD. which左句He was.officer完整，右句有动词made，可知空格内必为“连接词名词(做made的主语)”。1、否决B。明摆着需要主语，而whom是宾语格却跑来添乱。再说，右句made已有宾语things。2、否决C。what先行词关代，而先行词(整个左句)还没被兼并掉。3、否决A。who可做连接词兼主语，但语意不妥。4、选D。007.Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _, of course, made the others unhappy. (2000北京)A. whoB. whichC. thisD. what跟上题如出一辙。左句Dorothy was.完整，右句有动词made，可知空格内必为“连接词名词(做made的主语)”。1、否决C。缺连接词，this不是连接词。2、否决D。what先行词关代，而先行词(整个左句)还在前一个从句中没被兼并掉。3、否决A。who可做连接词兼主语，但语意不妥。4、选B。 008.Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _was very reasonable. (2000上海)A. which priceB. the price of whichC. its priceD. the price of whose左句I bought an ancient Chinese vase完整；右句有was，可知空格内必是“连接词名词(做was的主语)”。1、否决C。缺连接词。2、否决D。介词of须后接名词做宾语，而关系形容词whose仅是形容词。3、否决A。改为whose price即可。4、选B。v论“所有”，用the price of which = of which the price = whose price。v有whose，price前面就不要再用the。009.The result of the experiment was very good, _we hadnt expected. (2000北京春)A. whenB. thatC. whichD. what左句The result.good完整，右句expected及物而缺宾语，可知空格内必是“连接词名词(做expected的宾语)”。1、否决A。when是关副，不具名词身份。2、否决B。逗点不可后接that引领的补述型定语从句。3、否决D。what先行词关代，而先行词(整个左句)还没被兼并掉。4、选C。010._is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2001 NMET)A. ItB. AsC. ThatD. What本题与第003题类似，论前置式As起首的定语从句，As兼做主语或宾语。1、否决A。缺连接词，It不是连接词。2、否决C。That若不是连接词则全句缺连接词；若是连接词则成为名词从句做主语，而后面又有主语the moon。3、否决D。what先行词关代。随意套个先行词和关代如WhatThe theory that，全文The theory that is known to everybody，the moon travels.every month，再把画底线的定语从句“看掉”，结果全文变成The theory, the moon travels around the earth once every month，显然不成体统。vThat/What都可引出名词从句，见章节4-4。4、选B。v见章节2-4。011.He is the only one of the students who _ a winner of scholarship for three years. (2001上海春)A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been极有名的句子，数十年前就被热议过：vHe is one of the students that walk to school. 他是这群走路上学的学生们其中一个。 定语从句修饰the students。vHe is the only one of the students that walks to school. 这群学生里他是唯一走路上学的。 由于the only之故（有the就足够，only可有可无），因此定语从句that walks to school修饰the only one。v凡最多、最少、最、所有、零、唯一、人物、特别指定者，都要用that做关代。此处不用that而用who还是可以但很少见，恐怕是出题老师故意这么写来整冤枉的。1、否决B/C。因为the only，所以who指He，是单数。2、否决A。由于for three years论及时间累积量，要用完成式。3、选D。012.Hes got himself into a dangerous situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane. (2001上海)A. whereB. whichC. whileD. why左句Hes got.situation完整，右句he is.the plane完整，可知空格内仅是连接词。1、否决B。which是关代，在后面定语从句中无处安身。2、否决D。先行词是situation，与why不搭配。3、否决C。while同时，是状语从句连接词，明显句意不妥。4、选。先行词situation决定关副where，两者同伙。013.The famous basketball star, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. (2002北京春)A. whereB. whenC. whichD. whov原题两个逗点中间嵌入一段话，可把这段话视而不见，得出主句The star attracted attention. 球星获得了关注。再看嵌入的这段话也是一个从句，但缺了连接词和主语。1、否决A/B。where/when可做连接词，却做不得主语，因为它们是副词而不是名词。2、否决C。which可做连接词兼主语（即关代），可先行词basketball star棒球明星是人。3、选D。翻译：这明星球员，企图东山再起，为此引起了大家注意。014.Is this the reason _ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002上海春)A. he explainedB. what he explainedC. how he explainedD. why he explained暗藏杀机的题目，用reason领着我们走向关副定语从句的黑甬道。（题目不错，难为出题老师了。）v空格后面三个介词短语at the meeting/for his carelessness/in his work，省略后，原题成为This is the reason _. 再瞄一眼四个答案，都有主语和动词。1、否决B。what先行词关代，而先行词reason还存在，没被兼并掉。2、否决C。表面看，先行词reason与关副how不搭调，而且还有更深层瑕疵，见下一步骤。3、否决D。reason对应why没破绽，然而定语从句why he explained中，explain及物后面缺无宾语。4、选A。v把reason换用excuse借口套回原句：Is this the excuse (that/which) he explained? 这时可知关代that做explained的宾语，省掉了。015.Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _ I will always treasure. (2002NMET)A. thatB. oneC. itD. what见到失散多年的舅舅那一刹那我难以忘怀，这是一段我永远珍惜的时光。很明显答案是which做treasure宝爱之的宾语，偏偏出题老师不提供这个选项，奈何。v很阴毒的一题。1、否决A。无论如何，逗点不可后接that引领的定语从句。2、否决C。it做treasure的宾语，但缺连接词。3、否决D。what先行词关代，而先行词(整个左句)还在前面没被兼并掉。4、选B。v还原：Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, (which is) one (that) I will always treasure。就是补述定语从中套着一个限定定语从句，且补述句的which is省略掉了，见章节3-3-3。且限定句的宾语that也省略了，见章节3-1。016.Helping others is a habit, _ you can learn even at an early age. (2010山东卷32题)A. itB. thatC. whatD. onev跟上题一样阴毒，形态结构和答案完全相同，已成为高考的名题。 左句Helping others is a habit完整，右句learn及物而无宾语，可知空格内必定是“连接词名词(做learn的宾语)”。1、否决C。what先行词关代，而先行词habit尚未被兼并。2、否决B。逗点不能后接that引领的定语从句。3、否决A。it可做learn的宾语，但仍缺连接词。4、选D。v原题还原为Helping others is a habit, (which is) one (that) you can learn even at an early age. 也是补述定语从中套着一个限定定语从句，且补述句which is和限定句宾语that都省略掉了。017.We are living in an age_ many things are done on computer. (2003北京春)A. whichB. thatC. whoseD. when左句We are living in an age完整，右句many things are done on computer完整，可知空格内仅是连接词。1、否决A/B。which/that都是关代，须在定语从句中做主语/宾语，但右句已有主语many things且不需要宾语。2、否决C。此处未论及“所有格”所以不需要whose。即使用也要改为many things of which或of which many things。3、选D。v先行词an age与关副when恰是一个团伙。 018._ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. (2003上海春)A. ThatB. AsC. ItD. What右句we shall have our final exam next month完整，左句有动词has，可知空格内必为“连接词名词(做has的主语)”。1、否决C。缺连接词，It不是连接词。2、否决A/D。That/What起首，构成名词从句做主语，而后面又有主语we。v本题与第03题颇为类似，请参考。3、选B。v前置式定语从句用As起首，且As兼做主语或宾语。019.George Orwell, _ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (2004北京)A. the real nameB. what his real nameC. his real nameD. whose real name主句George.essays完整，嵌入句有was而无主语，可知空格内必为“连接词名词(做was的主语)”。1、否决A/C。the real name/his real name是名词，仍缺连接词。2、否决B。what先行词关代，而先行词George Orwell安好无恙未被兼并。3、选D。020._ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress. (2004北京)A. ItB. AsC. That D. What本题与第003, 010, 018题类似。主句在后，显见空格内缺连接词和主语。 1、否决A。缺连接词，It不是连接词。2、否决C/D。That/What起首，构成名词从句做主语，而后面又有主语talks。3、选B。v前置式定语从句用As起首，且As兼做主语或宾语。021.Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, _, of course, made the others envy him. (2004天津)A. whoB. thatC. what D. whichof course无视。左句Helen was.others完整，右句有made而缺主语，可知空格内必是“连接词名词(做made的主语)”。1、否决B。逗点不能后接that引领的补述定语从句。2、否决C。what先行词关代，而先行词(整个左句)仍然存在。3、否决A。who究竟指左边哪个人，句意不明。4、选D。022._ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. (2004江苏)A. WhichB. WhenC. What D. As本题与第003, 010, 018, 020题类似。论前置式As起首的定语从句，As兼做主语。1、否决A/B/C。Which/When/What起首的从句，必定是名词从句做主语，但题目又有主语we。2、选D。v前置式As起首的定语从句，且As兼做主语或宾语。023. Anyway, that evening, _ Ill tell you more about later, I ended up staying at Rachels place. (2004浙江)A. whenB. whereC. what D. whichAnyway无视。主句I ended up staying at Rachels place完整。空格后接从句Ill tell you more about later可谓刁钻，试看： He told me a story about her. 他告诉我一个有关她的故事。，me/story是told的两个宾语，her是about的宾语。 Ill tell you more about later，you/more是tell的两个宾语，可later是副词，不能做about的宾语。换言之，about的宾语调到前面空格里去了。因此，空格内必是“连接词名词(做about的宾语)”。1、否决A/B。when/where可做连接词但不能做宾语，因为是副词。2、否决C。what先行词关代，而先行词evening仍在前面。3、选D。v翻译：稍后我再跟你多讲点那天晚上的事 24.I work in a business _ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. (2004湖南)A. howB. whichC. where D. that左句I work in a business完整，右句almost everyone is waiting for a great chance完整，可知空格内仅为连接词。1、否决B/D。which/that是连接词兼名词，但右边无处容身。关代which/that是连接词兼后面的主语或宾语(表语)。2、否决A。句意不妥。3、选C。025.There was _ time _ I hated to go to school. (2004湖北)A. a; thatB. a; whenC. the; thatD. the; when1、否决C/D。以前有段日子是There was a time，不用定冠词the。2、选B。v关副定语从句见到先行词时，关副可用that替代，且可省略，见章节3-4。所以A/B都成立，当然选标准用法，不要和分数过不去。 026.There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high. (2004湖北)A. the largerB. the larger of themC. the larger one that D. the larger of which左句There are two buildings完整，右句有stands而缺主语，可知空格内必是“连接词名词(做stands的主语)”。1、否决A/B。the larger/the larger of them都是名词，但不具连接词身份。2、否决C。that可做连接词，但逗点后面不要用that引出的定语从句。v或曰：that引出定语从句修饰one不可以吗？若此，还原全句：There are two buildings, the larger one that stands nearly a hundred feet high。再将画底线的定语从句无视，剩下There are two buildings, the larger one是何意思？可见不行。3、选D。 027.What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it. (2004湖北)A. the wayB. in the way thatC. in the way D. the way which题型是not.but.。what he said是名词从句名词，所以空格内也必须是名词。1、否决B/C。两者都是介词短语。2、否决D。关副定语从句中，先行词the way要对应关副how。3、选A。v the way howthe way thatthe way，参见章节3-4关副定语从句省略变化。v参考第001题。028.The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _are sold abroad. (2004辽宁)A. of whichB. which of C. of them D. of that左句The factory.every year完整，右句有80%暂时不知是什么但有动词are，可知空格内必是“连接词名词主语”。1、否决C。缺连接词。2、否决D。逗点不可后接that引领的补述从句。另，定语从句高级笔法中，只有介词which/whom，没有ofthat。3、否决B。颠倒黑白，且介词of后面要接名词却无名词。4、选A。 029.American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently. (2004上海)A. whoB. asC. about which D. with whom左句American.someone完整，右句they can talk frequently完整(talk不及物)，可知空格内仅是连接词。1、否决A/B。who/as都是关代，做连接词还要做后面的主语或宾语，而后面无容身处。2、否决C。about which they can talk about which，可见which指向不明或不妥。3、选D。with whom they can talk with whom，合情合理。 030.There were dirty marks on her trousers _ she had wiped her hands. (2004全国II)A. whereB. whichC. when D. that左句There were dirty marks on her trousers完整，右句she had wiped her hands完整，可知空格内仅是连接词。1、否决B/D。which/that是关代，做连接词而后面定语从句中无容身处。2、否决C。先行词trousers论物，而关副when论时间，句意不妥。3、选A。v注意had wiped早于were，所以译文：在她先前檫手的裤子上有些污斑。，画底线的是定语从句。31. Luckily, wed brought a road map, without _ we would have lost our way. (2004北京春)A. itB. thatC. this D. which左句wed brought a road map完整，右句we would have lost our way完整，可知空格内是连接词(且接于without之后)。1、否决A/C。it/this不是连接词。2、否决B。定语从句高级笔法，介词移位后，不可“介that”，只有“介词which/whom”。见章节1-4、4-3-1。3、选D。 032.A fast food restaurant is the place _, just as the name suggests, eating is performed quickly. (2004上海春)A. whichB. whereC. there D. what嵌入的just as the name suggests(连同前后逗点)是个常用的套语，可省略不看。原题变成A fast food restaurant is the place _ eating is performed quickly。这时，左句A fast.the place完整，右句eating.quickly完整，可见空格内是连接词。1、否决C。there不是连接词。2、否决A。which是关代，右边无处容身。3、否决D。what先行词关代，而先行词place仍存在。4、选B。033.I have many friends, _some are businessmen. (2005全国一二)A. of themB. from whichC. who of D. of whom左句I have many friends完整，右句some are businessmen完整，可知空格内仅是连接词。1、否决A。them不是连接词。2、否决B。which的先行词须是物，前面主语里只有人，没有物。3、否决C。语法错误，没有who of some，只能写some of who，即使写成这样也是错的，介词后面不可接who/that。4、选D。 34.Why does she always ask you for help? There is no one else _, is there? (2005北京)A. who to turn toB. she can turn toC. for whom to turn toD. for her to turn这题牵涉到“疑问词不定词”的执行者，例如who to do it？是问说谁去（主动）做这个。turn to someone是向someone求援。1、否决A。whoone，语意是没人愿向她求援。2、否决C。for whomfor one, 语意是对谁而言愿向她turn（不是turn to），不知该怎么译。3、否决D。turn to合起来是求援，仅仅一个turn没有求援的意思。4、选B。v还原：There is no one else (whom) she can turn to，关代whom兼turn to的宾语。 035.If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. (2005上海)A. thatB. whichC. when D. where原题3个动词has/can park/will spend，即3个从句，须有两个连接词。现仅有1个连接词If，显见空格内必须是连接词，这是句之结构的概念，见章节4-1。1、否决A/B。that/which是关代，是连接词兼后面定语从句的主语或宾语，但women can park their men完整。2、否决C。用when语意不妥，而且前面没相当于时间的先行词。3、选D。36.Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _ effects the people are still suffering. (2005天津)A. thatB. whoseC. thoseD. what左句part of.by floods完整，右句the people.suffereing完整，可知空格内仅是连接词(且接于from之后)。1、否决C。those不是连接词。2、否决A。逗点不可后接that引领的补述从句。再者，介词移位后，不可“介that”，只有“介which/whom”。3、否决D。what先行词关代，而先行词floods仍在左边。4、选B。037.Her sister has become a lawyer, _she wanted to be. (2005湖北)A. whoB. thatC. what D. which左句Her sister has become a lawyer完整，右句be缺表语，几乎可认定空格内必是“连接词名词(做be的表语)”。1、否决B。逗点不可后接that引领的补述定语从句。2、否决C。what先行词关代，而先行词lawyer仍在左边。3、否决A。先行词虽为lawyer，但此处论及职业、身份，视之为事而非人。v特别记住一点：先行词跟关代who是同一个人。此处，她姐姐是某著名律师，她只能成为“这类”律师，而不能成为“这位”律师。所以，这时关代不能选who而须选which，就是论及身份、职业。4、选D。v这题的关代which在右边从句做表语(而非宾语)，较少见，挺有意思。 038.I walked in our garden, _ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees. (2005辽宁)A. whichB. whenC. where D. that左句I walked in our garden完整，右句Tom and Jim were.one the trees完整，可知空格内仅是连接词。1、否决D。逗点不可后接that引领的补述定语从句。2、否决A。which是关代，须在后面定语从句做主语或宾语，而后面不需要它。3、否决B。形态没问题，但先行词garden指场合，对应不了when。3、选C。039. Is that the small town you often refer to? Right, just the one_ you know I used to work for years. (2005福建)A. thatB. whichC. where D. what嵌入语you know无视。剩下：Right, just the one_ I used to work for years，定语从句I used to work for years完整。1、否决A/B。that/which是关代，右边定语从句中无处容身。2、否决D。what先行词关代，而先行词one仍在左边。3、选C。 040.Jim passed the driving test, _surprised everybody in the office. (2005浙江)A. whichB. thatC. this D. it左句Jim passed the driving test完整，右句有动词surprised，可知空格内必是“连接词名词(做surprised的主语)”。1、否决C/D。this/it可做主语，但缺连接词。2、否决B。逗点不可后接that引领的补述定语从句。3、选A。 041.The place _ the bridge is supposed to be built should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest. (2005江苏)A. which; whereB. at which; whichC. at which; where D. which; in whichv空格一右边the bridge is supposed to be built完整，可知空格一仅是连接词。总之，_ the bridge is supposed to be built是定语从句，无视后，全文缩为The place should be _ the cross-river traffic is the heaviest.v承前缩短文，空格二右边the cross-river traffic is the heaviest完整，可知空格二也仅仅是连接词。1、否决A/D。前格选项里，which是关代，在右边the bridge is supposed to be built无处容身。2、否决B。后格选项里，which是关代，在右边the cross-river traffic is the heaviest无处容身。3、选C。042._ I explained on the phone, your request will be considered at the next morning. (2005浙江)A. WhenB. AfterC. As D. Since右句your request.morning完整，左句explained及物而无宾语，可知空格内必是“连接词名词(做surprised的宾语)”。1、否决A/B/D。When/After/Since都是副词连接词，不具名词身份。2、选C。 043.Do you still remember the chicken farm _ we visited three months ago? (2005北京春)A. whereB. whenC. that D. what左句Do you.chicken farm完整，右句动词visited及物而缺宾语，可知空格内必是“连接词名词(做visited的宾语)”。1、否决A/B。where/when都是关副，无名词身份。2、否决D。what先行词关代，而先行词farm仍在左句里。3、选C。 044.The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people to keep it running, _ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (2006江苏)A. whoB. thatC. as D. whichv答案略有瑕疵。which引出补述定语从句时，which可能指前面主句的某个名词、短语或整个主句。而as引出补述定语从句时，as通常指前面整个主句。1、否决B。逗点不可后接that引领的补述定语从句。2、否决A。who不可能代表什么抽象意义。再者，先行词是owner/people哪个人？3、研究C。本句关代意指左句全句，因此用as不能算错，但不如which保险，当然不要跟分数过不去。见章节15-4。