一些英语表达式的读法.doc

一些英语表达式的读法数学符号 读法：1/2A half 或 one half1/3A third 或 one third2/3Two thirds1/4A quarter或 one quarter1/1234One over a thousand two hundred and thirty-four2Two and a half2Two and seven over eight0.1O point one或 zero point one0.01O point o one或 zero point zero one60mi/hrSixty miles per hourTwenty degrees0Zero degree Centigrade65=30Six times (multiplied by)five equals (is equal to; are ; makes; make) thirtyS=vtS equals (is equal to)v multiplied by t1:2The ratio of one to twoA+B=CA plus B is(are;equals;is equal to)CC-B=AC minus B is(equals;is equal to)AV=s/tV equals s divided by t3+77+3Twelve is greater than seven plus three x square;x squared;the square of x;the second power of x y cube;y cubed;the cube of y;y to the three power y to the minus tenth(power)=The square root of 4 is(equals)plus or minus 2The cube root of aThe fifth root of x squareThe square root of five hundred and eighteen2%Two percentInfinity;indefinitely greatAngleLength of line from A to BABVecter product of A and B;magnitude of A times magnitude of B times since of the angle from A to B;ABsinAScalar product of A and B; magnitude of A times magnitude of B times cosine of the angle from A to B; AB cosPerpendicular; is perpendicular to,Parallel; is parallel toSquare root ofCube root ofnth root ofEquivalent;similar( )Round branckets;parentheses Square angular bracketsBracesIntersection,logical productUnion,logical sumIs an element of;is member of setIs equivalent toimpliesIs not an element ofaba is approximately equal to baba is greater than baba is much less than baba is much greater than baba is not less than baba is perpendicular to bX=X approaches infinityaba is identically equal to b; a is of identity to bp to the power xa The absolute value of a;magnitude of an!Factorial nexp xExponential(to the base e)of xlogx to the base a; logarithm to the base a of xlnxlogx to the base e;natural logarithm of xaba is parallel to bSin Sine of xCosxCosine of xTanx,tgxTangent of xCotx,ctgxCotangent of xSecxSecant of xCosecx,cscxCosecant of x;1/sinxArcsin xArc sine of xArccosxArc cosine of xArctanx,arctan xArc tangent of xArccotx,arcctgxArc cotangent of xArccosecx,arccscxArc cosecant of xImzImaginary part of zzModulus of z,Conjugate of zx,xIncrement of x; delta xTotal differential of the function / D Derivative of the function with respect to nth derivative of the function An indefinite integral of the function or the set of indefinite integrals of the function Definiteintegral of the function from a to bxax approaches the limit abb primebb double primeX,YSets xXx is a member of the set X xXx is not a member of XAXSet A is contained in XAXA is not contained in XXY, X+YUnion of sets X and YXY, XYIntersection of sets X and Y,0Null set,empty setX , CXComplement of the set XX-Y ,XYDifference of sets X and Y(x,y,z) ,Ordered set of elements x,y,and z,for exampleXYCartesian product, set of all (x,y) such that xX,yY, DescartesThe set whose elements are ,where iIR(x,y)Relation,Equivalence relations ,for example ,congruence ,Transitive relations ,for example ,numerical order:XX,XYFunction,mapping,transformationinverse mappingComposite functions()(x)=g(f(x) (X)Image of X by Inverse-image set ,counter image1-1,one_oneOne- to- one correspondence |APartial mapping restriction of function to set ACardX,X,XCardinal of the set A1.4;One and four-tenths 1又10分之41(1)20(10)100From 1 to 20 in intervals of 1从1到10间隔1和从20到100间隔10ConstConstant 常数A0 The number A is nonnegative ,or, the matrix A has nonnegative entires数A是非负数或矩阵A是正定的，或矩阵A之元皆非负x|yx divides y x除y mod px congrument to y modulo p x同余（全等）模pContinued fractions 连分数a,bClosed interval 闭区间a,b,a,bHalf-open interval (open at the right) 半开区间（右开）(a,b)Open interval 开区间a,a,Interval closed at the left ,infinite to the right 左边闭右边无限的区间Maximum of when x is in the set X 当x属于X集时，的最大值minMinimum 最小值Sup l.u.bSupermum ,least upper bound 下确界,最小上界Inf,g.l.bInfermum ,greatest lower bound 下确界,最大下界,B is the limit of f(x) as x approaches a 当x 趋于 a时f(x) 的极限值是b Limit of f(x) as x approaches a from the left 当x 从左边趋于a 时f(x) 的极值, Limit superior 上极限 Limit inferior 下极限Jacobian,functional determinant Jacobi行列式，函数行列式Integral (for example,lebesgue integral) of function over set E with respect to measure 在集E（对于测度）上函数的积分（例如，Lebesgue积分）,当 n/ approaches 1 as n 当 n时，/趋于1，当n/ is bounded as n 当n时，/是有界的b, b increases ,approaching the limit b 减少，趋于极限ba.e.,p.pAlmost everywhere 几乎处处Ess supEssential supermum 殆上确界Space of continuous functions连续函数空间The class of function having continuous th derivative (ona,b)有连续的阶导数（在a,b的闭区间）的函数类Space of functions having integrable absolute pth power (ona,b) 绝对p次幂（在a,b上是可积的函数空间）xThe integral part of x x的整数部分Binomial coefficient ,n!/k!(n-k)! 二项式系数Hyperbolic functions双曲函数Jacobi elliptic functions Jacobi 椭圆函数Gamma function 函数Bessel function Bessel函数Characteristic function of the set X: =1 in case xX,ortherwise =0 集X 的特征函数：=Dirac delta function Dirac 函数Identity,unit,neutral element(of a general algebraic system) 恒等，可逆元素，零元素（加法系的）E,1,IIdentity ,unit,neutral,element(of a general algebraic system) 恒等，可逆元素，零元素(一般代数系的)e,E,PIdempotent 幂等元Inverse of a a 的倒数Hom(M,N)Group of all homomorphisms of M into N M到N的所有同态组G/HFactor group ,group of cosets商群，傍系群K：kDimension of K over k ， k上K的维数Direct sum 直合Tensor product ,Kronecker product张量积，Kronecker积Exterior product ,Grassmann product,外积，Grassmann积，Vector 向量，XY，（x,y）Inner product,scalar product,dot product内积，纯量积，点积XY, xy,Outer product ,vector product,cross product外积，向量积，叉积|x|, |x|,Norm of the vector x 向量x的模方The image of x under the transformation A x在A变换下的象Transpose of the matrix A 矩阵A转置Adjoint ,hermitian conjugate of A伴随阵，A的Hermite共轭TrA,SpATrace of the matrix A 矩阵A的迹DetA,|A|Determinant of the matrix AFinite differences有限差分Divided differences均差Gradient of 的梯度Divergence of v v的散度Curl of 的旋度gradLaplacian Laplace算子GL（n,R）Full orthogonal group全正交群SO(n,R),O+(n,R)Special orthogonal group特殊正交群p,q,P(x),Sentences,prepositional functions,propositions语句，命题函数，命题-p,p,non p,Np,Negation ,read”not p”否定，读作“不是p”pq,p+q,ApqDisjunction,read”p or q”,”p,q”or both析取，“p或q”pq,pq,p&q,KpqConjunction,read”p and q”合取，读“p和q”pq,pq,pq,CpqImplication,read “p implies q ”or “if p then q”蕴涵。读“p蕴涵q”或如果p然后q”pq,pq,pq,Epq,p iff qEquivalence,read”p is equivalent to q”or ”p if and only if q”等价，读“p等价q”或“p当且仅当q”（）， ， ，-Parentheses 括号， Universal quantifier,read”for all”or “for every”全称量词，读“对于全部