（湖北专版）高考英语大二轮 增分精品专题复习试题 说明文（含调研真题含解析）.doc

课时作业(十八)说明文test 1(2013湖北省鄂西示范校高中毕业班质量检查)would you dare to put your shoes on the table？if so，then you may face death.putting a hat on the bed could cause_31_spirits to slip into your clean sheets！and opening an umbrella indoors might bring punishments.most superstitions (迷信) are_32_to something negative，or the thought that something will bring bad luck.for example，the number thirteen is_33_by many to be unlucky，especially friday falls on the 13th of the month.in many cultures，twelve is a number of_34_there are twelve months of the year and 12 animal zodiacs (黄道十二宫图) in chinese culture._35_，thirteen is considered incomplete, unusual and therefore unlucky.walking under a ladder is also_36_that many people believe will bring bad luck.some think that walking under a ladder is not polite to god，so they dont take the_37_.others，perhaps，are afraid that something will_38_on their head from a great height!one of the most famous superstitions is that_39_a mirror will bring seven years of bad luck.in ancient greek culture，many people held the_40_that a mirror reflected a persons soul.the soul would be_41_too，if the mirror was broken._42_cats have long been linked to luck.if one crosses your path，it is_43_to bring you ill fortune_44_even death.however，in the uk and ireland，its generally considered to be a sign of future_45_if a black cat crosses your path.superstitions have been_46_in many cultures for thousands of years，and many of these beliefs can still be found in_47_societies.dr.kevin foster，from harvard university，believes it is an example of humans interpreting (诠释) and_48_to threats.most people know these threats are_49_.but why are people still so superstitious？well，it seems that many people would prefer to be better_50_than sorry.语篇解读本文为说明文，介绍了世界各地的一些迷信观念。31a.highbevilcgood dsmart解析：根据本段的内容以及后文说到大部分迷信通常是消极的。故此处应为表示负面意思的词，evil意为“邪恶的”，符合语境。答案：b32a.related bdevotedcaddicted dreturned解析：大多数迷信与消极的东西相关。be related to意为“与相关的”，符合语境。答案：a33a.reported bannouncedcdesigned dthought解析：数字13被很多人“认为”是不吉利的，尤其是当一个月的13号又是星期五的话就更不吉利了。答案：d34a.business bsadnessccompleteness dweakness解析：根据破折号后的内容以及与后文的“thirteen is considered incomplete”对比可知，此处应为completeness，意为“完整”。答案：c35a.in contrast bin timecin addition din particular解析：空处前后是12和13的对比，故应选in contrast表示“相比之下，相反”。in time及时；in addition除此以外；in particular尤其。答案：a36a.nothing bsomethingcanything deverything解析：在梯子下走也被很多人认为会带来厄运。答案：b37a.time bluckcrisk dtrouble解析：一些人认为在梯子下走对上帝不礼貌，所以他们不会去冒这个险；take a risk意为“冒险(做某事)”，符合语境。答案：c38a.fall bexplodecmove dchange解析：另外一些人也许担心从很高的地方“掉落”什么东西砸到他们头上。答案：a39a.buying bwatchingccleaning dbreaking解析：根据后文的“if the mirror was broken”可知，此处指“打碎”镜子。答案：d40a.fact bbeliefchope dcomment解析：在古希腊文化中，许多人有这样的信念，认为镜子反映人的灵魂。belief意为“信念”，符合语境。答案：b41a.saved brepairedcharmed dprotected解析：人们认为镜子反映人的灵魂，如果镜子碎了，灵魂也会“受损”。答案：c42a.white bblackcbrown dyellow解析：黑猫一直与运气相关联。后面“a black cat crosses your path”是提示。答案：b43a.certain bimpossiblecglad dfree解析：如果一只黑猫从你面前走过的话，“肯定”会给你带来厄运或者甚至死亡。答案：a44a.then bbutcso dor解析：参见上题解析。or意为“或者”，表示选择关系。答案：d45a.disaster bmistakecloss dprosperity解析：根据however可知，此处与前文为转折关系，故此处指的是在英国和爱尔兰，人们认为遇见黑猫是未来繁荣的预兆。prosperity意为“繁荣，兴旺”，符合语境。答案：d46a.found bmissedcignored dexplained解析：根据后半句“and many of these beliefs can still be found可知，应选found。答案：a47a.local boldcmodern dancient解析：许多这些信念在现代社会中也能找到。答案：c48a.contributing breactingcleading dadapting解析：哈佛大学的dr.kevin foster认为这是人类对威胁的诠释和反应的例子。react to意为“对作出反应”，符合语境。答案：b49a.incorrect bmeaningfulcinteresting dstrange解析：很多人知道这种威胁是不正确的。答案：a50a.easy bsuccessfulcsafe dhelpful解析：似乎许多人宁愿更安全也不愿感到遗憾。答案：ctest 2(2013安徽省蚌埠市高三第一次教学质量检查)years ago，if a teenager had some problems in his life，he might go home and write in his diary；now，a teenager with_36_problems might go onto the internet and write about them in a blog (博客)in many ways，a diary and a blog are very_37_.but what makes blogging different from writing in a(n) _38_diary?the biggest difference is that a blog is much more_39_than a diary.usually，a teenager treats his diary like a book full of_40_that he does not want to_41_with others.its_42_that someone who writes in a blog will probably write nearly the same information as someone who writes in a diary.i have a little sister，and sometimes i go online to read her_43_.she writes about things like waking up early for swimming practice and not studying enough for her chemistry test._44_i was her age，i wrote about the same things，but_45_in my diary.then，after i had finished writing，i would hide my diary in a secret place because i was_46_that my sister might read it.the biggest_47_with blogging is that anyone can read what you write.if i was angry with a friend during high school and wrote something_48_about him in my diary，he would never know._49_，if my sister ever wrote something bad about a friend，that friend might_50_her blog and get angry.there are also_51_to blogging，of course.if i was feeling sad one day and wrote in my diary，“nobody cares about me”，no one would come to comfort me because no one would_52_about it.however，if my sister wrote the same sentence in her blog，her best friends would quickly_53_and tell her how much they_54_her.blogs help people_55_in contact with their friends and know what the people around them are doing.语篇解读人们喜欢把自己的感觉写在日记里或博客上，本文主要介绍了日记和博客的差别：日记具有保密性，而博客是一个开放的信息平台。36a.daily binterestingcdifficult dthe same解析：现在，有同样问题的青少年会上网，把碰到的问题写在博客上。前一句已提到这些问题，故选d项。答案：d37a.similar bspecial csimple ddifferent解析：日记和博客在很多方面相同。根据下一句“but what makes blogging different”可知答案。答案：a38a.personal bordinary ctraditional dmeaningful解析：根据文章第一句可知，以前的青少年通常把问题写在日记里，这是传统做法。答案：c39a.attractive bexcitingcpublic dquick解析：由下文可知，两者最大的差别在于博客比日记更公开。答案：c40a.thoughts bsecrets cideas dpuzzles解析：通常青少年把日记当做一本充满秘密的书。根据后面的“he does not want to_41_with others”可推出答案。答案：b41a.share btell cpublish dsolve解析：这是不愿和别人分享的秘密。与前半句相互呼应。答案：a42a.confusing binterestingcboring ddisappointing解析：有趣的是人们写入博客和写入日记的内容可能相同。根据下一段的例子可知，妹妹写入博客的内容与我写入日记的内容相同。答案：b43a.diary bblog creport dweb解析：我有一个小妹妹，我有时上网去看她写的博客。根据“online”可知，我是去看她写的博客。答案：b44a.when bsince calthough dbecause解析：我在她这个年纪通常写同样的内容。这是把以前的我与现在的她作对比。答案：a45a.already bonly cstill dnever解析：那个时候的我，只能写在日记里。答案：b46a.angry bsad cworried dglad解析：那个时候，我常常把我的日记藏起来，因为我担心妹妹会看到。答案：c47a.doubt bproblem cquestion dmistake解析：博客最大的问题在于任何人都有可能会看到你写的内容。根据本段最后一句可知，此处是讲博客存在的问题。答案：b48a.boring bwrong cfunny dunkind解析：如果我在读高中时生某个朋友的气，我在日记中写一些关于他的不好的话，他可能永远都不会知道。根据下一句中的“something bad”可知答案。答案：d49a.so btherefore chowever dthen解析：然而，如果我的妹妹在博客中写了一些关于朋友的坏话，情况就不一样了。由“get angry”可知，此处表转折。答案：c50a.read bbreak cwrite dsteal解析：结合上文内容可知，此处是说(妹妹的)这位朋友就有可能看到妹妹写的博客，可能会生气。答案：a51a.reasons badvantages cshortcomings dwishes解析：当然，博客也有优点。由下文可知，本段与上一段形成对比，主要讲述博客的优势。答案：b52a.care bthink cknow dask解析：如果我把感受写在日记里，没有人会关心我，因为没有人会知道。know about知道，了解。答案：c53a.respond bbegincprepare dfeel解析：如果妹妹在博客里写同样的内容，她的好朋友们就会很快作出回复。答案：a54a.need bsuit clike dstand解析：并告诉她，他们是多么喜欢她。答案：c55a.lose bfind cleave dstay解析：博客帮助人们与他们的朋友们保持联系。答案：dtest 3(2013安徽省合肥市高三第二次教学质量检测)youth sports teach kids to develop a winning state of mind as well as the ability to become team leaders.although having_36_is a major part of athletics，the only purpose of sports is to compete and create the_37_mentality (心态) people need in sports._38_have the extremely hard task of getting their young athletes to learn how to play the sport and become disciplined and ready to play the sport to the best of their ability._39_，i was at my younger brothers baseball game the other night and his team was_40_by five runs in the last part of the game.while most teams in this situation would be desperately trying to regain their_41_for bravery and will to fight，his team just seemed to slowly walk around，_42_the shell of sunflower seeds，and laugh at jokes made by teammates.i asked my brother after the game why everybody was so_43_about the loss and he said it was because some kids moms brought really good snacks.some parents have a _44_with coaches shouting at their children，as they hold the view that if a children makes a mistake，it is the coachs _45_to correct the problem.when parents get involved in telling the coach how to _46_the team，problems _47_.some parents feel if they pay their money，they should have an equal_48_on how to coach the team.in order to have a successful teaching experience，the coach needs to feel like he can control his team and_49_the parents from having the last say.without that，the coach feels as if he needs to_50_the parents by giving more playtime to their kids who actually dont_51_ it.with youth sport programs becoming less competitive，club teams are on the_52_.more teens can get an easier access to them.club teams _53_more of what high school and junior high coaches are looking forthe competitive edge that is absolutely necessary in_54_.while having fun is important，skills and a_55_mentality is worth more in the world of sports.语篇解读本文主要讲述了目前年轻人的体育运动由于一些家长的干预不再那么有竞争力。文中作者强调了技能和赢的心态在体育运动中的重要性。36a.fun bdignityccourage dpatience解析：年轻人的体育运动教孩子们培养一种赢的心态和成为团队领导者的能力。尽管玩得高兴(having fun)是体育运动的一个主要部分。55空前的“while having fun is important”是线索提示。答案：a37a.social bcompetitivechealthy dresponsible解析：体育运动的唯一目的就是竞争和创造一种人们在体育运动中所需要的竞争的(competitive)心态。52空前的“with youth sport programs becoming less competitive”是线索提示。答案：b38a.coaches bparentscexperts dheadmasters解析：教练(coaches)有非常繁重的任务让年轻的运动员学习怎样运动。答案：a39a.as a result bin additioncfor example don the contrary解析： 从下文的内容可知这里是举例说明，故选for example。答案：c40a.up bbelow cabove ddown解析：前两天的晚上，“我”去观看“我”弟弟的棒球比赛，他的队在后半场落后了5分。down(以某一比分)落后(的)，符合语境。答案：d41a.score bgoal cspirit ddream解析：尽管大部分队在这种情形下会竭力重新获得勇敢的精神(spirit)去抗争。答案：c42a.chew bspit ccount dswallow解析：但他的队只是慢慢地走来走去，吐(spit)葵花子皮，嘲笑队员们开的玩笑。答案：b43a.worried bhappy cserious dcasual解析：“我”问“我”弟弟为什么大家对丢分这么不在意。casual“漫不经心的，随随便便的”，符合语境。答案：d44a.joke bproblemcco