（通用版）高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 题型专题方略 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 第三讲 语法专题 二 代词和介词针对训练.doc

代词和介词专项训练【代词】.单句语法填空1(2015高考浙江卷改编)how would you like _if you were watching your favorite tv program and someone came into the room and just shut it off without asking you?解析：句意：如果你正在看最喜欢的电视节目，有人走进来，不说一声就关掉了电视，你会作何感想？ it指代if you were watching.asking you这件事。how do you like it if.？如果，你作何感想？可以当作固定句式记忆。答案：it2(2015高考重庆卷改编)the meeting will be held in september，but _knows the date for sure.解析：句意：会议将在九月份举行，但是没人知道确切的日期。句中的转折连词but是解题的关键，表明人们现在只知道会议在九月份开，但确切日期不知道。答案：nobody3(2015辽宁五校协作体联考改编)id like some apple juice.sorry，there is _left.what about some other drink?解析：句意：我想买点苹果汁。对不起，苹果汁没有了，其他饮料可以吗？此处是指苹果汁没有了，有范围限制。故填none，指特定范围之内，表示“一点儿也没有”。答案：none4(2015四川名校联盟测试改编)monitor in class 8 rushed to the classroom to ask for help only to find _of the classmates there.解析：句意：8班班长跑到教室寻求帮助，却发现没人在那儿。none指的是三者或三者以上的人或物中没有一个，可以与of连用。答案：none5the students returned to school with a sense of achievement，a feeling that _helped people in need.解析：句意：这些学生带着成就感回到学校，一种他们帮助了那些需要帮助的人的成就感。设空处指代前面提到的the students，在同位语从句中作主语，故填they。答案：they6im writing this letter to share with you _(i) opinions.解析：句意：我写这封信来与你分享我的看法。设空处作定语，修饰名词opinions，故填形容词性物主代词my。答案：my7(2015浙江重点中学协作体适应性训练改编)_road out of town is good，but this one is better than the other.解析：句意：出城的两条路都不好，但是这条路要比那条路好些。根据后句中better和the other判断，此处指两条路，再由 but后面的转折内容可知设空处表否定，故填neither。答案：neither8this project requires close teamwork._ will be achieved unless we work well together.解析：句意：这个项目需要密切的合作，除非我们通力合作，否则一事无成。根据句意，此处应该用表否定意义的代词，不强调范围，故填nothing。答案：nothing9mum，have you seen my new book?the one you bought last sunday？im afraid i havent seen _解析：句意：妈妈，你看见我的新书了吗？你上星期日买的那本吗？恐怕我没有看见。空格处指代上文出现过的同一事物，因此用it。答案：it10lily was the only person who noticed me coming into the classroom，the _all absorbed in reading.解析：句意：lily是唯一注意到我进教室的人，所有其他人都沉浸在阅读中。从题干可以看出，这里的其他人是指教室里除lily之外的人，故此处有范围，且表示特指，并且有复数，故填others。答案：others.单句改错1(2015高考陕西卷短文改错)i wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party._解析：句意：我想在他的退休晚会上为他做点儿特别的事情。此处是表示某件事而不是任何事情。答案：anythingsomething2(2015高考四川卷短文改错)its been three saturdays now and it really costs me many._解析： many用来指代可数名词复数，而此处指代花费的钱，因此要用much。答案：manymuch3(2015河南信阳模拟短文改错)all the people i visited were grateful，not only for surviving but to the country for helping their._解析：句意：我所拜访的所有人都心存感激，不光为幸存下来，也为国家对他们的帮助。设空处作help的宾语，指代all the people i visited，故用人称代词的宾格形式them。答案：theirthem4all over the city，history and modernity come together to make that an essential place for tourists to discover._解析：句意：遍布全城的历史性和现代性的结合，使得这里成为一个游客们必定前来游览的地方。本题考查“make it adj./ n to do”结构，it为形式宾语，不定式为真正宾语。只有it可以作形式主语和形式宾语。答案：thatit5not having found something，he had to go home with empty hands._解析：句意：没有找到任何东西，他只好空着手回家了。根据后句中with empty hands可知他没发现什么。not anything相当于nothing，上文已有表示否定的not，故把something改为anything。答案：somethinganything6the xiaomi phone 4 has functions similar to ones of apples iphone 6，but sells for just half the price of its competitor._解析：句意：小米手机4有与苹果的iphone 6相似的功能，但销售价格仅是它的一半。替代名词functions，又有后置定语of apples iphone 6，表特指，故用those。答案：onesthose7which book do you think is the best?neither.they are both boring and expensive._解析：句意：你认为哪本书最好？都不好，它们既枯燥又昂贵。对话中的best提示我们比较对象至少是三者，对三者或三者以上的事物进行全部否定用none。答语中的both可能会误导以为答案为 neither。答案：neithernone8the parties of the contract have equal legal status，and neither party may impose its will on the others._解析：句意：合同双方享有同等的合法地位，任何一方都不能把自己的意愿强加于对方。签署合同的只有两方，表示“另一方”，用the other。答案：othersother9ive lived in new york and chicago，but dont like neither of them very much._解析：句意：我在纽约和芝加哥住过，但是我不喜欢它们中的任何一个。根据转折词 but可知，后面的意思应为“两个都不喜欢”，因为前面有not，故把neither改为either，not eitherneither。答案：neithereither10why are you leaving right away？you promised to stay more two hours._解析：句意：你为什么要马上就离开呢？你答应过再待两个小时的。“another数字复数名词数字more复数名词”意为“再几个，又几个”。答案：moreanother【介词】.单句语法填空1(2015高考福建卷改编)human life is regarded as part of nature and，as such，the only way for us to survive is to live_harmony with nature.解析：句意：人的生活是自然的一部分，因此，我们生存下来的唯一的方法就是与自然和谐相处。in harmony with与和谐相处。答案：in2(2015高考湖北卷改编)this meeting room is a nonsmoking area.i would like to warn you_advance that if you smoked here you would be fined.解析：句意：这个会议室是无烟区域，我想提前警告你：如果你在这里吸烟，会被罚款。in advance“提前”。答案：in3(2015高考陕西卷改编)the little pupil took his grandma _the arm and walked her across the street.解析：句意：那个小学生搀着他奶奶的胳膊，送她过了街道。“take sb.bythe身体部位”为固定搭配，意为“抓住/触及某人的”。答案：by 4(2015高考浙江卷改编)have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _animals both on land and sea?解析：句意：你听说过成为海陆两栖动物的栖息地的树吗？ be home to为固定搭配，意为“是的栖息地，是的家园”。答案：to 5(2015高考浙江卷改编)these comments came in response _specific questions often asked by local newsmen.解析：句意：这些评论是回应当地记者常提出的各种具体问题的。根据句子的关键信息these comments和specific questions可知，此处表示这些评论是对各种具体问题的回应。in response to回答，响应。答案：to6(2015高考重庆卷改编)last year was the warmest year on record，with global temperature 0.68 _the average.解析：句意：去年是有史以来最暖和的一年，全球温度比平均值高出0.68摄氏度。根据逗号前面的the warmest year可知，去年的温度应该是在平均值之上的，故填above，above the average在平均值之上。答案：above7(2014高考浙江卷改编)while staying in the village，james unselfishly shared whatever he had with the villagers without asking for anything _return.解析：句意：在村子里待的那段时间，詹姆斯无私地同村民分享他所拥有的一切，而不要任何东西作为回报。由关键信息unselfishly shared和without asking for anything可知，此处表示“不要任何东西作为回报(in return)”。答案：in8(2014高考江西卷改编) it is unbelievable that mr.lucas leads a simple life _his great wealth.解析：句意：尽管lucas先生有大量的财富，但是他过着简朴的生活，这真是让人难以置信。根据“a simple life”以及“his great wealth”可知此处用表转折关系的介词despite(尽管)。答案：despite9(2014高考全国大纲卷改编)september 30 is the day _which you must pay your bill.解析：句意：9月30日是你付账单的截止日期。by意为“到为止”，符合句意。答案：by10as is widely received，outdoor activities help children learn through curiosity，which，_turn，promotes creativity.解析：句意：人们普遍认为，户外活动有助于孩子通过好奇心学习新事物，这反过来也能促进创造力。in turn为固定搭配，意为“反过来”，符合句意。答案：in.单句改错1(2015高考浙江卷短文改错)my old classroom was interesting because three sides of the classroom were made from glass._解析：此处表示的是“教室的三面是由玻璃制成的”，从制成品中可以看出原材料，应用be made of结构，所以应将from改为of。答案：fromof2(2015高考陕西卷短文改错)my soccer coach retired in last week._解析：last week，next week，this week，that week前不加介词。答案：去掉in3(2014高考浙江卷改编)facing up to your problems instead running away from them is the best approach to working things out._解析：句意：面对你的问题而不是逃避它们才是解决问题的最好办法。instead为副词，后不接宾语，故改为介词短语instead of。答案：instead后加of4to view of the weather，our school sports meet has to be held in the indoor stadium._解析：句意：由于天气原因，我们学校的运动会不得不在室内体育馆举行。in view of意为“鉴于，由于，考虑到”，为固定搭配。答案：toin5i have just graduated from senior high school.i want to find out a parttime job in the summer._解析：句意：我刚刚高中毕业。我想在夏天找一份兼职工作。find out意为“查明”，“找到”应为find。答案：去掉out6i believe its the best way to get close nature and enjoy its beauty._解析：句意：我相信这是接近大自然并欣赏其美丽的最好方法。get close to为固定搭配，意为“接近，靠近”。答案：在close后加to7in spite its 30 years of history，the spring festival gala has gradually lost its appeal，particularly among younger viewers._解析：句意：尽管走过来三十个年头，但春晚逐渐丧失了它的魅力，特别是在年轻观众中。in spite of意为“尽管”，为固定搭配。答案：在spite后加of8he invited me to a dance after the show at christmas eve._解析：句意：在圣诞节前夕的演出之后，他邀请我参加了一个舞会。christmas eve圣诞节前夕，应与介词on连用。答案：aton9do you know any other foreign language except english?_解析：由本题中的信息词any other foreign language可知应用besides，表示“除之外(还有)”。答案：exceptbesides10we left at 6：30 am.on our school bus and arrived beihai park three hours later._解析：句意：我们上午六点半坐校车离开，三个小时之后到达北海公园。arrive为不及物动词，后可接at或in。at用于表示较小的地方，in用于表示较大的地方。答案：在arrived后加at高考模拟.语法填空(2015江西南昌高三年级调研测试卷)阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。some inventions happen in strange ways.the potato chip is one of them.moons lake house was 1._ restaurant in new york in the 1850s.george crum was the cook there.many rich people often came to the restaurant 2._ (enjoy) his cooking.the one thing that really upset crum was 3._ a customer complained about the food and sent it back to the kitchen to be done over.he would often return it overcooked.he was happy to see the customer walk out of the restaurant 4._ (angry)on august 24，1853，a customer returned his fried potatoes to the kitchen，5._ they werent crunchy(脆的) enough.crum reacted in his 6._ (usually) way.he cut the potatoes very thin and cooked them in hot oil.they were so crunchy and crum was sure that the man would refuse 7._ (eat) them.instead，the man loved them.he even asked for more.now，do you know 8._ invented the potato chip？its george crum！he 9._ (late) set up his own restaurant.he named it crums house.he put baskets of his potato chips on all the tables.they made his restaurant a very popular place.today，potato chips are one of americans 10._ (favor) foods!【解题导语】本文告诉我们薯片是怎么被发明出来的。1解析：考查冠词。restaurant是名词，此处表示泛指，故用不定冠词a。答案：a2解析：考查非谓语动词。这里用动词不定式作目的状语，表示许多富人常常来这里吃他烹饪的饭菜。答案：to enjoy3解析：考查表语从句。此处应用when 引导表语从句，且在从句中作时间状语。答案：when4解析：考查副词。根据前面“walk out of the restaurant”可知，后面应用副词angrily修饰动词。答案：angrily5解析：考查连词。根据语境可知，此处表示“因为油炸的土豆不够脆”，强调原因，故用because。答案：because6解析：考查形容词。根据后面的名词way可知，此处应用形容词。答案：usual7解析：考查动词不定式。refuse to do sth.“拒绝做某事”。 答案：to eat8解析：考查疑问词。根据后面“its george crum”可知，此处问的是谁发明了薯片。答案：who9解析：考查副词。根据后面的“set up”可知，这里应用later。答案：later10解析：考查形容词。根据后面的“foods”可知，这里需要用形容词，且表示“最喜欢的”。答案：favorite.短文改错(2015河北石家庄一模)假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号()，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。one year ago，i had a special english lesson hold at the railway station.it was quite different from the regular english classes we were familiar to，for we had no textbooks，no blackboard or no fixed seats.gathering at the entrance of the station，we told to collect as many english words and sentences as possible here.curious and excited，we walked ar