八年级下英语7至10单元语法总结.doc

Unit71 Turn down(关小) turn up（开大） turn on（打开） turn off（关上）2 In the yard在院子里3 Right away=right now=at once=in a minute立刻，马上4 Wait in line排队等候；stand in line站成一队；cut in line插队5 Annoy sb.使某人生气 be annoyed with sb.=be angry with sb.=be mad at 生某人的气6 be annoyed with sb. for sth. 对(某人)为(某事)而生气be annoyed with sb. at sth. 对(某人)为(某事)而生气7 Could you please do?=Can you do?=Why not do?=Why dont you do?=Would you mind doing?你能做？8 Would you mind(not)doing?的回答：（1）肯定回答 No, not at all.Of course. Certainly not.Ok, Ill do it right away.No, do please.(2)否定回答：Im sorry. ButBecauseYes, I do mind.Im afraid not.Would you mind ones(not)doing？你介意某人（不做）某事呢？9 Polite有礼貌的 impolite(rude)无礼的，粗鲁的10Follow sb. around 到处跟着某人11Getbe annoyed 生气12Sth. happen to sb.某人发生某事 Sth. happen+时间地点13Try to do sth.尽力做某事Tty doing sth.试着做某事14Allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事15In public (places)在公共场合16Take care to do sth.小心做某事17Give sb. a haircut=cut ones hair.18Pick sth. up=pick up sth.捡起某物 pick up sb.接某人19Some time 一些时间Sometime某个时候Sometimes有时 20Put out 扑灭 eg： put the cigarette out熄烟 put out a fire扑灭一场大火21Social behavior社交行为22Even if 即使23Joining the line 加入排队队伍Unit 81 Why not do sth.建议做某事2 Photo album 相册3 Receive from收到什么来自4 Sth. cost sb. somemoney 某物花某人钱5 Get sb. sth.=get sth. for sb.6 Tooto=sothat=notenoughEg: He is too young to go to school.=He is so young that he cant go to school.=He is not old enough to go to school.7. the trendiest=the most popular 最时髦的8 Named=called 叫做9. instead 代替，顶替He didnt go to school.Instead, he went to the Net Bar.He is ill, let me go instead.他生病了，让我代替他去。Instead of 代替，而不是He went to the Net Bar instead of going to school.他去了网吧而不是去学校。Rather than 而不是He seems happy rather than angry.他好像是开心而不是愤怒。9 Be interested in= take an interest inEg: She is interested in making models.= She takes an interest in making models.10. encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人去做某事11Look hard 竭力寻找12Besides 而且，除之外 Eg： I dont want to go; besides, Im too tired.我不想去, 再说我也太累了。He had other people to take care of besides me.除了我以外, 他还需要照料其他人。besides “除外，还有”，指更进一步的拥有，包括所“除”事物在内。 Besides Tom, Mary went boating. (Tom和Mary都去boating) Have you got any clothes besides these?除了这些衣服你还有别的吗? except 除了.之外 后面的范围比主语的范围小,除去的和非除去的是同类事物，用except We went boating except Tom (Tom属于我们(We)但没有went boating,但是Tom和We都是人) 不包括所引事物。常与no, none, nothing等否定词或all, everyone, everything等连用，但不可用于句首。 They all went to the Summer Palace except one.除一人之外他们都去了颐和园。13Make friends with 与交友14Mention to 对(某人)谈提起My friend has often mentioned you to me.我的朋友常常向我提起你。15Across China= all over China16. on stage 在舞台上17All age groups 不同年龄层18Suggest doing sth.建议做某事Unit91 Amusement park 游乐园2 Neither（两者都不）both（两者都）Eg: Neither of them can speak English.=Both of them cant speak English.Both Jack and I havent seen this movie.= Neither Jack nor I have seen this movie.杰克和我都没有看过这部电影。3. theme park 主题公园4 I have been to(many times)我去过（很多次了）。She/He has been to Have you ever been toYes, I have./No. I havent been toI havent neither=Me neither.我也没有。5Have been to到过某地（说话时主语不在去过的地方） Have gone to已经去某地（说话时主语不在说话现场，可能在路上，或已到达） Eg：He has been to Shanghai.他去过上海了。 He has gone to Shanghai.他去上海了。 1）表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响： I have already heard the news.我早已听过这条消息。 He has cleaned the room. 他打扫过房间了。 Have you ever been to Beijing?你过去北京了吗？ I have never seen the movie.我从未看过这部电影。 I have just finished my homework.我刚刚完成了我的作业。 2）表示过去某时间开始并持续到现在的动作或状态 We have studied English for eleven years. (for+时间段/since+时间点/since+时间段+ago)7 Hear of /about听说 8 Perhaps= possibly也许9 End up 以结束 with sth./ doing sth. Well end up the class with a song.Well end the class up singing a song.10. Whats the population of China?中国的人口有多少？ Large population 很多人口 small population 很少人口11 have gone to （已经去了某地方，还没回来。）have been to （曾经去过某地方，强调去过）have been in （在某地方有呆过，强调“呆”的延长性）12 A/the way to do sth.a/the way of doing sth.13. discover+n./pron./that从句 发现14Such as 比如15Start doing sth. Start to do sth. 开始做某事16Take lessons=have lessons 上课17a natural environment 一个自然的环境18High/ low temperature 高/低温19 three quarters/three fourths a quarters/one fourths one seconds20Population 1）作为人口时，谓语动词常用单数 The of the city is about six million=The city has a of six million.2） 某地人口有多少 the+of+somewhere3） 人口多/少 have a large/small 4） 提问Whats the population of ？当表示人口几分之几时谓语动词用复数21Whetheror 不管，还是Eg：Whether you have time or not, you should finish it.22. be close to 靠近Eg: Japan is close to China.23. choose to do sth. 决定去做某事 He choose to go home.24. on board 在船上=on the boat25. during the daytime 在白天期间26All year round 一年到头27An English-speaking country 一个说英语的国家28Take a ride 兜风29Take a holiday 去度假30Fall asleep 入睡Unit101 特殊形式的反意疑问句1） 当陈述部分的主语是指示代词this，that，these和those时，疑问部分的主语用相应的人称代词it或they来代替。Eg：These are your books, arent they?这些是你的书，不是吗？2） 当陈述部分的主语是表示物的不定代词：something，everything，nothing等时，疑问部分的主语用it，若是表人的不定代词：somebody，everybody，nobody等，疑问部分的主语常用they，如：Everything is OK，isnt it?Everyone is here, arent they?3） 如果陈述部分出现never,hardly,few,little,no,seldom,none,nothing,nobody表示否定意义的词时，其间略句用肯定形式，如He has never been there, has he?4） 当由lets引导的祈使句，附加部分用shall we，其他的祈使句，（包括let us或否定祈使句）附加部分用will you Lets go together, shall we?让我们一起去吧，好吗？ Let us have a rest, will you?让我们先休息吧，好吗？5） 当陈述部分为Im时，附加部分用arent I ,如：Im late, arent I? 我迟到了，不是吗？6） 当陈述部分以there be句型时，附加部分用there作主语，如：There are some apples on the tree, arent there?7） 当陈述部分以I(dont)think(believe,suppose,guess)后接宾语从句的复合句时，疑问附加部分的主语代词和动词必须和从句保持一致，还要注意否定前移，其他复合句一般与主句的主语及时态一致：I dont think he is right, is he? 他是错的，不是吗？8） 当陈述句中的have的适当形式，若have（has）作助动词时，附加部分不需借助动词，用have适当形式，若不用作助动词时，附加部分需借相应do助动词的适当形式，如：He had never been to Wuhan, had he?他从没去过武汉，不是吗？He has to stay at home, doesnt he? 他必须留在家里，不是吗？9） 当陈述句部分带有否定前缀的词时，此陈述句当作肯定句， 其后的附加部分用否定形式。例如：This girl is unhappy, isnt she? 这个女孩不开心，不是吗？10） 含had better的陈述句，附加部分用助动词had; 含would 的陈述句，附加部分动词用would。例如：Youd better go home now, hadnt you? 你最好现在回家，好不好？ Youd like to go to the amusement park, wouldnt you? 你很想去游乐园，是吗？11） 附加疑问句有时可用Eh? Right? Am I right? Dont you think? Isnt that so? 等。例如：She didnt pass the exam, right? 她没有通过入学考试，对不？They forgot to see the doctor, am I right? 他们忘记去看医生了，对不对？2 Take/make note 做笔记3 Get along = get on 相处4 cross 作动词用，“穿过，越过”的意思。主要表示在物体表面上横穿。如横过马路、过桥、过河等，与go across同义。如，Be careful when you cross the street.过马路时要小心。Cross (Go across )th