Student-Module 4 Carnival.doc

Module 4 CarnivalKey words1hide v(hidehidhidden)掩藏，躲藏；隐瞒(事实、感情等) n隐蔽处；藏身处(1)hide away 躲藏；隐藏hide out 口躲起来hide sth.from sb.把某事隐瞒着某人hide sth.in/at/under sth.else把藏在hide behind/under/in etc.躲藏到后面/下面/里面等(2)hiding nU躲藏处，C痛打a hiding place一个藏身处hidden adj.秘密的；隐蔽的a hidden place一个秘密/隐秘的地方Eg：He hid the letter in a drawer.Tom hid the truth from us.He was hidden behind the door.Exercise:Its not proper for her to struggle to _ the truth about her past from her husband.Ahold Bhide Cdefend Dcover2pretend v假装，佯作；装扮Eg：He pretended to be friendly to us.The students pretended to be reading when the teacher came in.You neednt pretend that you dont see what I am driving at.Exercise:Dont pretend _.Your book is upside down.Ato read Bto be readingCto have read Dreading3mark v标志；标明；评成绩；打分n记号，标志；得分；痕迹(1)mark up./down 提高/降低商品价格mark.with 用作标记mark.on 把在某物上做记号mark out画出界限(2)a trade mark 商标full/top marks 满分/最高分get a high (good)/low (poor) mark得高/低分Eg: Winter coats have been marked down from $80 to $50.My students marked their names on their school uniforms.The boy is so clever that he often gets full marks in the examination.Exercise:She is careful to _ her place before she shuts a book so that she can easily find where she stops reading next time she continues.Amark Bdate CTake DputWhen you get the paper back，pay special attention on what _.Ahave marked Bhave been markedChad marked Dhad been marked4. import v进口，输入 n进口产品，输入品，输入(1)import.from.从进口imported silk进口丝绸the import of food from abroad从外国进口的食品importer n进口国，进口商(2)反export n&v.出口，输出exporter n出口商export.to.出口到Eg: Japan imports raw materials from many other countries.China must produce more food to reduce its reliance on imports.She wears a nice dress made of imported silk today.Exercise:This kind of apple is more expensive because they are _ abroad.Aimported to Bexported toCimported from Dexported fromKey Phrases1come to an end 结束，完成bring sth.to an end 使停止；结束put an end to sth.结束；停止make (both) ends meet量入为出，使收支相抵at the end of sth.到的尽头(极限)end up (with/in)以结束in the end 最后，终于，结果Eg: The party came to an end at 10 last night.That was a final battle that brought the war to an end.Since Mike lost his job，we can hardly make ends meet.Exercise:The UN is to_an end to the dispute between the two countries.Im sure the issue will_an end soon.Acome；put Bcome to；bringCput；come Dbring；come to2dress up装扮，打扮dress up (in) sth.穿上盛装，化妆，打扮，修饰，掩饰dress sb.up as把某人打扮成be dressed in穿着Eg: You neednt dress up and go as you are.Children love dressing up as a fairy，hero and pirate etc. in Halloween.Guan Zhilin was dressed in purple clothes at the party，looking more beautiful.Analysis: dress，wear，put on & have on(1)dress表示动作。作及物动词时，应该说“dress sb./oneself”，不能接表示衣服的名词；作不及物动词时，尤指为特殊场合穿好衣服；be dressed in表示状态，相当于be in，后面可接表示衣服或颜色的名词。(2)wear表示状态，表示穿衣服(鞋子)，戴首饰、眼镜、饰物等，留(发)、蓄(须)，面露(某种表情)。(3)put on表示穿的动作，接衣服、鞋子等。(4)have on表示状态，相当于be wearing；但have on不能用被动语态，也不能用进行时。Exercise:The lady _ and went to the ball happily.Adressed in Bdressed herself upCwore up Dput up_ in a red skirt in the opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games，the little girl Lin Miaoke won the hearts of the people all over the world.ADressedBWornCDressingDWearingKey Sentences1There was an immediate need for people to work on them.这里急需干活的人手。There is /was a (great)/no need (for)sb.to do sth.(不)需要某人干某事There is /was a (great)/no need for sth./sb.(不)需要某事(人)There is /was no possibility to do sth.没有可能干某事There is /was no time to do sth.没有时间干某事There is /was no doubt to do 毫无疑问去干某事注意：(Its/It was)No wonder.难怪；怪不得Eg:Is there any need to explain further? Is there any need for further explanation?There is no need for you to wait.There is a great need for a new book on the subject.Exercise:The two boys are twins._ is no wonder they look so much alike.AIt BThere CWhich DWhat2As time passed，however，the carnival period was extended，so that it began just after Christmas.然而，随着时间的推移，狂欢节的时间被延长了，这样它就正好在圣诞节以后开始。as用作连词，可引导下列状语从句：(1)时间状语从句，强调主句谓语动作与从句谓语动作的同时性。(2)让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然，即使”。(3)方式状语从句，意为“以方式”。(4)原因状语从句(since/because)，意为“由于，因为”。(5)比较状语从句。注意：(1)as引导方式状语从句，应放在主句之后，意为“正如；如同；好像”。(2)as引导让步状语从句，一般放在主句前面，需用倒装语序：从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首；若表语是名词，前置时要省略冠词。(3)as作关系代词，既可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句所表达的整个意思。as 引导限制性定语从句，用于先行词前有such或the same 修饰时，as 在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。as 引导非限制性定语从句，既可在主句前，又可在主句后，有时还可插入句中指代整个主句的内容，而不是主句中的一个词。Eg:As he grew older he lost interest in everything except gardening.(引导时间状语从句)Young as I am，I already know what career I want to follow.(引导让步状语从句)Why didnt you catch the last bus as I told you to？(引导方式状语从句)As you werent there，I left a message.(引导原因状语从句)Exercise:All morning _ she waited for the medical report from the doctor，her nervousness grew.Awhile Bwhen Cas Dbefore_，he does get annoyed with her sometimes.AAlthough much he likes herBMuch although he likes herCAs he likes her muchDMuch as he likes herGrammarPassive Voice(1)各种时态的被动语态形式时态名称被动语态形式一般现在时am/is/are过去分词一般过去时was/were过去分词一般将来时will/shallbe过去分词过去将来时wouldbe过去分词现在进行时am/is/arebeing过去分词过去进行时was/werebeing过去分词现在完成时have/hasbeen过去分词过去完成时hadbeen过去分词情态动词情态动词(can，may，must，need，should.)be过去分词不定式to be过去分词感官动词和使役动词的被动语态beseen/heard/noticed/found/watched/observed/let/madeto do短语动词的被动语态把主要动词变成被动形式(2)被动语态的构成方式“be/get/become过去分词”表示结果。Eg:The important problem has been discussed for nearly two weeks.那个重要的问题已经被讨论近两个星期了。“beunder/in等介词名词”结构可表示现在进行时的被动语态的含义。Eg:The problem is under discussion (is being discussed)at the meeting.这个问题正在会上讨论。(3)主动形式表示被动意义当 feel，look，smell，taste，sound 等系动词后面接形容词时；当 cut，read，sell，wear，write，cook，shut，dry，drink，wash 等表示某种性质且带状语修饰语时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。Eg:The fish smells good.鱼闻起来很香。These cups clean easily.这些杯子很容易洗。下面的短语经常使用主动语态：come out，come into being，go off，run out，give out，give in，belong to，happen，come true。want，require，need，worth 后面的动名词用主动形式表示被动意义。Eg: These flowers want/require/need watering.这些花需要浇水。在“beadj.to do”结构中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动表示被动。Eg: This apple isnt fit to eat.这个苹果不能吃。Exercise:New technology _to make sure that the cars，taxis，buses and trains we use_ the ai