Uint2 Our globe is in danger.doc

Uint2 Our globe is in danger!II. Basic Listening PracticeWord tipsmicroscope n. 显微镜(an optical instrument that produces magnified images of small objects)El Nio 厄尔尼诺现象drought n. 干旱(a long period of dry weather when there is little or no rain) e.g. Freshvegetableswerescarceduringthedrought.greenhouse effect 温室效应(the gradual warming of the air surrounding the Earth as a result of heat being trapped by pollution) e.g. Carbondioxideemissioncontributesto greenhouse effect. harness v. 利用（或控制）以产生能量等(control and use the natural force or power of something) e.g. Theproblemwashowtoharnesstheseforces.hazard n. 危险(danger; risk) e.g. Hehadputhisownlifeinhazard.CFC 含氟氯烃(a gas used in fridges and aerosol cans, harmful to the ozone layer)aerosol n. 喷雾器(a container in which liquids are kept under pressure and forced out in spray)1. A. By studying the warm Pacific current we can understand El Nino. B. Even scientists cannot understand El Nino. C. To understand El Nino, we have to use satellites. D. To understand El Nino, scientists have to use high-powered microscopes. 2. A. The man thinks negatively about it but the woman thinks positively. B. The woman things negatively about it but the man thinks positively. C. Both the man and the woman think negatively about it.D. Both the man and the woman think positively about it.3. A. To grow trees B. To close the windows. C. To live far from the desert. D. To visit Beijing.4. A. To treat old electrical appliances safely. B. To remove car air conditions. C. To upgrade refrigerators. D. To buy new cars.5. A. The woman may bomb the apartment B. The woman may burn the apartment. C. The woman should not use an aerosol spray. D. The woman should be sure to panic.III. Listening in Task 1 We should have proper respect for nature!Word tipslitter v. 乱扔垃圾(leave rubbish in public places) e.g. Dontlitterthepaperoverthefloor.trash n. 垃圾(something worth little or nothing)e.g. Pleasetakeoutthetrash.While being interviewed by Martha, Ed said more people in his culture respect (1)_ now than ever before. When asked about the most serious (2)_ in the world today, he mentioned the damaged ozone layer and the (3)_ in big cities. Ed learned about environmental problems at school. A lot of clubs and some TV programs (4)_ environmental safety. He believes that students should learn more about the environment at school. Then they can be more (5)_ all the problems and prevent more problems (6)_. When asked about a new (7)_ he would like to create to help the environment, he said that when people (8)_ their cigarette butts, they have to throw them into the garbage bin. They should be (9)_ if they throw them on the floor or ground. Personally, Ed is so against littering that he never litters. He always throws his (10)_ into the garbage bin.Task 2 River PollutionWord tipsdiscolor v. 使变色(cause something to change color) e.g. Thismaterialmaydiscolorifexposed todirect sunlight. smelly adj. 臭的(having a bad smell; stinking)e.g. Thetoiletsinthatrestaurantwerehorribly smelly anddirty.fertilizer n. 肥料(a substance that is put on the soil to make crops grow) e.g. Getsomemorefertilizerforthegarden.drain v. 排水(flow away) e.g. Theyarediggingtrenchestodrainthewateraway.concentration n. 浓度; 含量(the amount of a substance in a liquid) e.g. Althoughallplantsnormallycontainfluorine, the concentrationvariesgreatly.nitrate n. 硝酸盐; 硝酸盐类化肥phosphate n. 磷酸盐; 磷肥algae n.（复数）水藻bacteria n.（复数）细菌(germs)pollutant n. 污染物(a polluting substance)cyanide n. 氰化物lead n. 铅mercury n. 汞, 水银toxic adj. 有毒的(poisonous) e.g. Thefactoryhadaccidentallyreleasedaquantity oftoxicwasteintothesea.film n. 薄膜; 薄薄一层(a thin layer) e.g. Thisfilmof water isaboutfivemilesthickatits deepestpart.dissolve v. 溶解(mix with a liquid and become part of it) e.g. Bothsaltandsugardissolveeasilyinwater.1.A. The most serious pollutant. B. The harm from industrial waste. C.The present river pollution. D. The cause of river pollution.2. A. Because nitrate and phosphate in the water increase. B. Because nitrate and phosphate in the water decrease. C. Because algae are killed by nitrate and phosphate. D. Because the pollutants are removed.3. A. Lack of oxygen. B. Poisoning. C. Accumulation of algae. D. A lower temperature of water4. A. It creates a rainbow. B. It dissolves in the water gradually. C. It prevents oxygen from entering the water. D. It makes the fish dirty.5. A. Break in the food chain. B. Rapid growth of algae. C. Dissolution of chemical substance. D. Lack of oxygen.Task 3 Curbing carbon emissionscarbon dioxide n. 二氧化碳per unit of GDP 单位GDP(per unit of gross domestic product)the National Energy Administration 国家能源局harmonious adj. 和谐的(with each part fitting well with other parts) e.g. There is nothing more harmonious, more symmetrical, than this group of structures.priority n. 优先权; 重点(the right to be given attention first) e.g. There are great dangers in giving absolute priority to any department.low-carbon adj. 低碳的 e.g. Butouroptionsforlow-carbonenergysourcesarelimited.hydroelectric adj. 水力发电的(producing electricity by waterpower) e.g. Plans arebeingdrawnup tobuildahydroelectricstationhere.capacity n. 生产量(the amount of something that a factory, company, machine, etc. can produce or deal with) e.g. Isthismanufacturingcostbasedonproduction figuresatfull capacity?kilowatt n. 千瓦（功率单位）non-fossil adj. 非化石的shutdown v. 关闭(closedown) e.g. Thebestradio channel intown isindirectly forcedto shutdown. curb v. 抑制(control or limit something in order to prevent it from having a harmful effect) e.g. Democraticelectionand publicopinionsupervision helpcurb corruption.1.A. The best way to use clean energy. B. Chinas enormous investment in developing clean energies. C.A comparison between China and other countries in cutting carbon dioxide emissions. D. Cutting carbon dioxide emissions: Chinas achievements and problems.2. A.More than 10 million. B. More than 50 million. C. More than 60 million. D. More than 70 million. 3. A.15%. B. 7.2% C. 7.8% D. 0.6%4. A. Chinas investment was about the same as the United States. B. Chinas investment was almost twice as large as the United States C. Chinas investment was nearly half of the United States. D. Chinas investment was about three times as large as the United States.5. A. Slowing down economic development. B. Exerting a negative influence on peoples income. C. Causing more strikes.D. Causing unemployment.V. Lets Talkscenario n. 情景 (a situation that could possibly happen)e.g. Themorelikelyscenarioisthatthepresident will resignandan election will beheld.hollow adj. 空的 (having a hole or empty space inside) e.g. Theboysscrapedoutahollowplaceforplanting trees. shell n. 壳 (the hard outer covering)channel v. 为引资; 引导 (control or direct money, energy, etc. toward a particular purpose) e.g. Channelallyoureffortsintothisoneproject, and youwillsucceed. Man 1: Well, its inspirational language which is nice and lovely and fluffy, but(1)_ _, and so its really hard to take to the bank. I mean, peoples lives are on the line in the developing world where we are seeing the impacts felt first and foremost. And obviously (2)_ _(3)_ _and thats a big problem.On-screen text: Wind Farm This is a great photo op for all the world leaders, but if (4)_, it really doesnt mean much at the end of the day.?Man 2: Whats in there is very disappointing. (5)_. (6)_ that will need to be filled in, and it has some numbers, it talks about trying to avoid two degrees. Thats the same language that the G8 used last July. But (7)_ as yet that would guarantee that were actually on the, on track to get there. And the financing commitments there is a mention of a 100- billion-dollar figure and the attempt to raise or mobilise that level of resources, but (8)_, as yet.athe atmosphere simply cant take the kind of emissions weve been seeing in the business-as-usual scenario and theres no real commitment to change thatbdoesnt really actually commit anyone to doing anythingcit lacks anything on emissions cutsdits not backed by actioneIts a hollow shellfTheres no guarantee that there will be new money, that the money will be real, that theres actually a commitment to get there, or that it will be channeled in new wayshTheres no real commitment to put serious money on the tablegIt does not constitute a a dealFurther listeningTask 1 The environment and the developmentsummit n. 峰会(a meeting or set of meetings of the leaders of several governments) e.g. TheEarthsummitisnotjustaboutproblems.sustainable adj. 可持续的(able to continue without causing damage to the environment ) e.g. Put people first and aim at comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable developmentoption n. 选择(choice) e.g. Theoptionforpeaceshouldneverbeclosedoff.instill v. 注入; 灌输(make someone think, behave or feel in a particular way) e.g. Wemustinstillasenseofdutyinourchildren.log v. 伐木(cut down trees) e.g. Theylogfor aliving.the upper reach（河流的）上游(the upper section)Environmentalproblemsair pollution, (1)_, desertification, overfishing, destruction of natural habitats, acid rain, (2)_ of wild animals and plants, etc.Central problemthe contradiction between (3)_ and the environmentA new ideasustainable development; it means: Todays economic growth should not wipe out the (4)_ and options for future generations. Planning and development should ensure not only economic growth, but also (5)_ and environmental health. Some economic behavior must be (6)_ or controlled.What China could doInstill principles of sustainable development into (7)_, resource management and (8)_.What China has doneChina has already taken some (9)_ to reduce damage to the environment, e.g., following the huge floods of 1998, the government banned logging in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River.The aima(n) (10)_ between economic growth and the environmentTask 2 Thick cloud of pollution covering southern AsiaPakistan 巴基斯坦（南亚国家）Afghanistan 阿富汗（西南亚国家）intensify v. 加强(increase in degree or strength) e.g. Myfirstfailureonlyintensifymydesire tosucceed.1. A. It hangs over northwestern Asia. B. It is three kilometers wide.C. It increases rainfall in the whole Asia. D. It can move halfway around the world in a week.2. A. Burning animal waste in stoves. B. Evaporation from the ocean.C. Forest fires. D. Burning agricultural waste.3. A. It cools the land and oceans. B. It reduces the sunlight on the Earth by 50 percent.C. It lowers its own temperature. D. It changes the direction of the ocean currents.4.A. Because the cloud will contain more harmful substances. B. Because the cloud will gradually turn into acid rain. C. Because the Asia population will increase a lot.D. Because industries in Asia are developing fast.5 A. The size and dangers of a cloud of pollution. B. The movement of cloud of pollution and the disaster C. The causes and results of a cloud of pollution. D. A terrible disaster in Asia.Task 3 Mountain regions face a number of dangersinhabit v. 居住(live in a particular place) e.g. WeshouldtreasuretheplanetEarthweinhabit.graze v. 吃草(eat grass) e.g. Thesheepusuallygrazeinthegrassland.Andes 安第斯山脉（南美洲西部）conservation n. 保护(protection of the natural environment) e.g. Theconservationoftropicalforestsisofcrucialimportance.vulnerable adj. 易受伤害的, 脆弱的(that can be easily harmed) e.g. Hevolunteeredtoprotectherasshelookedsovulnerable.Nepal 尼泊尔（南亚国家）drift v. 漂泊(move aimlessly) e.g. Do not picture yourself as anything, and you will drift like an abandoned ship at sea. Mountain people around the world are in great danger of the (S1)_ effects of the worsening environment, according to a UN (S2)_.As global (S3)_ and deforestation accelerate and technology makes wilder places more accessible, environmental and social (S4)_ on the worlds remotest regions increase.The UN has found that many (S5)_ regions-inhabited by one out of five of the worlds peopleare (S6)_ recognizable when they are compared to what they were like 60 years ago. This is mostly because forests were cut to (S7)_ cattle grazing and agriculture.The authors of the UN study (S8)_ _. Biological losses are expected to be heavy. The mountains of Europe, parts of California and the northwest Andes in South America are among the most threatened mountain areas in the world and should be given priority in conservation.(S9)_ because theyre inhabited by some of the most vulnerable people. These people could lose their culture and their livelihood with even the smallest shifts in climate.At the same time, many mountain regions are losing people. (S10)_. In other areas like Nepal, people are drifting to the cities in search of work.Viewing and listeningSanta ( Santa Claus) 圣诞老人 e.g. HebelievesSantaClauscomes inthroughthechimney.Finnish adj. 芬兰的(of Finland) e.g. He creates veryornatehandlesfor thefamousFinnish knives byhand