[SAT词汇]SAT热门词汇-Hot Words for the SAT.doc

Lesson 1 Using Few Words or Being Quietbrevity n. briefness or conciseness in speech or writingconcise adj. using few words in speaking and writinglaconic adj. using few words in speechpithy adj. brief and full of meaning and substance; concisequiescent adj. quiet; still; inactivereticent adj. not talking much; reservedsuccinct adj. clearly and briefly stated; concisetaciturn adj. silent; sparing of words; close-mouthedterse adj. using only the words that are needed to make the point; very concise Lesson 2 Speakingcircumlocution n. speaking in circles; roundabout speechcolloquial adj. pertaining to common everyday speech; conversationaldiffuse adj. spread out, not concise; wordydigress vb. to wander off from the subject or topic spoken abouteloquence n. artful ease with speaking; speech that can impact peoples feelingsgarrulous adj. talkative; loquaciousgrandiloquent adj. using big and fancy words when speaking for the purpose of impressing othersloquacious adj. very talkative; liking to talk; garrulousprattle vb. to speak on and on in a senseless and silly manner; to talk foolishlyrant vb. to talk very loudly, even wildlyrhetorical adj. relating to speech that is used to persuade or have some effect; insincere in expressionverbose adj. using too many words; wordy; long-windedvoluble adj. talking a great deal with ease; glibLesson 3 Feeling Superiorarrogant adj. overbearing; proud; haughtybraggart n. one who boasts a great dealcomplacent adj. self-satisfied; smugcontemptuous adj. lacking respect; scornfuldisdainful adj. full of bitter scorn and pride; aloofegotistical adj. excessively self-absorbed; very conceitedhaughty adj. having a great pride in oneself and dislike for othersinsolent adj. boldly disrespectful in speech or behavior; rudenarcissist adj./ n. having to do with extreme self-adoration; person who feels superior to everyoneostentatious adj. having to do with showing off; pretentiouspresumptuous adj. too forward or bold; overstepping proper boundspretentious adj. claiming or pretending increased importance; ostentatious; affectedly grandsupercilious adj. looking down on others; proud and scornfulswagger vb. to walk around in a proud, showy manner; to boast in a loud mannerLesson 4 Unoriginal, Dull, Played Outbanal adj. dull or stale because of overuse; trite; hackneyedclich n. an idea or expression that has become stale due to overusederivative adj. unoriginal; taken from something already existinghackneyed adj. made commonplace by overuse; triteinsipid adj. lacking flavor or taste; unexcitinglackluster adj. lacking vitality, energy, or brightness; boringmundane adj. commonplace; ordinaryplatitude n. quality of being dull; an obvious remark uttered as if it were originalprosaic adj. dull; commonplacetrite adj. unoriginal and stale due to overusevapid adj. lacking freshness and zest; flat; stale Lesson 5 Lessening Pain, Tension, and/ or Conflictallay vb. to lessen fear; to calm; to relieve painalleviate vb. to lessen pain or tensionameliorate vb. to make better; to lessen pain, difficulty, or tensionappease vb. to make tranquil or quiet, especially by giving into demands; to pacifyassuage vb. to alleviate; to lessen pain or conflict; pacifyconciliate vb. to win a person over through special considerations or persuasive methodsmediate vb. to act as a go-between in settling conflicts or disputes between people or opposing sidesmitigate vb. to make or become less severe; to lesson pain or damagemollify vb. to pacify, soothe, or appease; to make less severe or violentpacify vb. to calm; to make peaceful; to restore to a tranquil stateplacate vb. to make calm; to soothequell vb. to pacify; to subdue; to quiet down Lesson 6 Friendly and Agreeableaffable adj. easy to talk to; easy to approach, friendly; kind; amiableamiable adj. friendly, kindamicable adj. showing goodwill; peaceablecongenial adj. compatible; having kindred needs or tastes; sympatheticconvivial adj. sociable, outgoing in a festive way, especially when pertaining to eating and drinking; fond of good companycordial adj. warm and friendly; amiablegregarious adj. sociable, outgoingjocular adj. liking to be with people, joke around with them and have funlevity n. lightheartedness; gaiety; carefree disposition, particularly when not appropriateLesson 7 Quarreling, Fighting, and Bitter Feelingsanimosity n. hatred; ill willantagonism n. hatred or hostilitybellicose adj. of a quarrelsome nature; eager to fight; warlike; belligerentbelligerent adj. taking part in war or fighting ready to fightcantankerous adj. bad-tempered; quarrelsomecaptious adj. made for the sake of quarreling; quibblingcontentious adj. quarrelsome; belligerentdisputatious adj. likely to dispute or arguepolemical adj. inclined to argue or debate; controversialpredator n. one who takes advantage of another, exploits or feeds on another; a strong adversary or rivalpugnacious adj. eager to fight; belligerent Lesson 8 Generosity in Spending Money or Time, or Showing Concern for Othersaltruistic adj. showing an unselfish concern for othersbenevolent adj. giving freely and easily to others; charitablelargess n. generous givinglavish adj. generous in giving to others or in spending moneymagnanimous adj. generous in overlooking insult or injury by others; rising above pettinessmunificent adj. very generousphilanthropic adj. showing a desire to help others by giving gifts; charitable; humaneprodigal adj. wasteful; lavishsquander vb. to spend money (or time) in a wasteful, uncaring fashion Lesson 9 Cheapness or Care with Spending Moneyaustere adj. having great economy; showing self-control when it comes to foregoing luxuries, frills; stern in manner or appearanceavarice n. greedfrugal adj. careful with money; thrifty; not costlymercenary adj. greedy for self-gain; thinking only of money-makingmiserly adj. careful with how money is spent; thriftyparsimonious adj. overly thrifty or miserlypenurious adj. stingy; relating to great poverty, destitutionthrifty adj. showing care with how money and resources are spent or used; miserly Lesson 10 Problems, Puzzlements, and Disastersadversity n. great trouble or difficultyconflagration n. a huge fire, an infernoconfounding adj. puzzling; bafflingcryptic adj. hidden; hard to understand; mysterious; obscuredebacle n. a failure or breakdown; a collapse that is often nonsensicalenigma n. a riddle or mystery; a puzzling or baffling matter or personlabyrinth n. a maze from which it is very hard to extricate (free) oneselfprecarious adj. dangerous or risky; uncertainquandary n. a dilemma; a confusing or puzzling situationturbulence n. great unrest; turmoil or disorderturmoil n. a very puzzling scenario or situation; tumultLesson 11 Harmfulbaneful adj. causing ruin; harmful; perniciousdeleterious adj. harmful to ones health or overall welfare; perniciousdetrimental adj. harmfuldevious adj. dishonest or deceptive iniquitous adj. showing a lack of fairness; wicked; viciousmalicious adj. intending to hurt of harm another; spitefulnefarious adj. very mean and wickedodious adj. loathsome; evil; revolting in a disgusting wayominous adj. pertaining to an evil omen; forebodingpernicious adj. very destructive or harmful, usually in an inconspicuous and relentless wayrancorous adj. deeply hateful or spiteful; maliciousvirulent adj. extremely poisonous; deadly; full of spiteful hatred Lesson 12 Criticizing, Disapproving, or Scoldingberate vb. to rebuke or scold in a harsh tonecastigate vb. to scold or punish severelycensure vb. to criticize stronglychastise vb. to punish or scold harshlydeprecate vb. to show mild disapprovalimpugn vb. to oppose or attack someone or something as false or refutablerebuff vb. to snub; to bluntly refuserebuke vb. to reprimand or scold sharplyreprove vb. to speak to in a disapproving manner; to scoldupbraid vb. to chide; to scold bitterlyLesson 13 Lacking Interest or Emotionaloof adj. uninterested; showing no concern; emotionally removed or distantapathetic adj. indifferent; showing no care, interest, or concern; lacking emotiondetached adj. aloof; indifferentimpassive adj. lacking emotion or driveindifferent adj. apathetic; showing little or no concern or carelistless adj. lacking interest in something, usually because of illness, fatigue, or general sadness; spiritlessnonchalant adj. casual and indifferent; not showing any great concern or worry about anythingphlegmatic adj. hard to get excited or emotional; calmremote adj. emotionally distant and disinterested; aloof; uninvolved; distant, far awaystoical adj. lacking emotion or not showing any emotion Lesson 14 Lacking Energy or Movementindolent adj. lazy; not wanting to do any worklanguor n. weak or lifeless feelinglassitude n. a tired feeling, usually resulting from depression or too much worklethargic adj. having little or no energysedentary adj. having to do with sitting around a lotsluggish adj. slow and lazysoporific adj. sleep-inducing; sleepystagnant adj. lacking movement or energytorpid adj. lacking energy; relating to inactivity; feeling sluggish Lesson 15 Humility and Obediencecompliant adj. yielding, submissivefawning adj. gaining the favor of another by acting overly kind or by flatteryobsequious adj. obeying or performing a service for someone in an overly attentive mannerservile adj. slave-like; very humble and submissiveslavish adj. slave-like; overly humble; involving very hard worksubmissive adj. voluntarily obeying another; humblesubordinate adj. inferior; lower in rank or statussubservient adj. obedient; obsequioussycophant n. a self-server who tries to gain the favor of others through the use of flattery or by being over-attentivetoady n. a flatterer; a sycophant Lesson 16 Enthusiasm and Passionardent adj. full of passion and emotionavid adj. showing enthusiasm; ardentebullient adj. filled with a bubbly excitement, as if boiling over with excitementeffervescent adj. lively; full of uplifted spirit; vivaciousexuberant adj. overflowing with vitality and good spiritsfanatical adj. full of great enthusiasm or devotionfervent adj. filled with passion or intensityimpassioned adj. filled with passionate emotionvibrant adj. lively; full of vitalityzealous adj. filled with enthusiasm; ferventLesson 17 Being Stubbornadamant adj. unwilling to bend; unyieldingdogged adj. stubborn; determinedhidebound adj. strongly-opinionated; narrow-mindedly stubbornintractable adj. stubborn; hard to manageobdurate adj. resistant to persuasion or softening; stubbornly persistent in wrongdoingobstinate adj. stubborn; inflexiblerecalcitrant adj. stubborn; disobedient; defiantresolve n. firmness, determinationunwavering adj. firm and determinedunyielding adj. stubborn; inflexiblewillful adj. stubborn Lesson 18 Soundacoustics n. the quality of sound, pertaining to how it is heard based on the quality and structure of the roomcacophony n. lack of harmony; loud and unpleasant noise; a racketclamor n. unpleasant sound; noisedin n. ongoing loud sound; noisediscordant adj. lacking harmony or agreementeuphony n. pleasing soundmellifluous adj. sweet and smooth soundingraucous adj. coarse-sounding; loud and unrulystrident adj. shrill; high-pitchedvociferous adj. loud and noisy regarding ones own voice, especially shouting; demandingly clamorous Lesson 19 Words Relating to Praise and Respectacclaim v. to express strong approval or praise; hailadulate v. to praise or flatter too greatly; fawn overesteem v. to value highly; to have great regard foreulogize v. to praise, as in a eulogy; to say good things aboutexalt v. to praise or glorify; to lift up in status, dignity, powerextol v. to praise highly; laudlaud v. to praise; extolpanegyrize v. to praise a person or event in a formal speech or in writing; to praise highlyrevere v. to regard highly with love and respectvenerate v. to feel of show deep respect for, especially due to age or tradition; to honor Lesson 20 Words Relating to More Than Enoughample adj. abundant; plentiful; enough or more than enoughcopious adj. abundant; much; plentifullavish adj. abundant; in excessmyriad adj. or n. countless; a very large numberplethora n. excess; abundanceprofuse adj. abundant; more than enoughsuperfluous adj. overabundant; more than is needed; unnecessarysurfeit n. an oversupplyLesson 21 Words Relating to Food and Hungerabstemious adj. holding back from eating or drinking too muchalimentary adj. relating to food and nourishmentculinary adj. having to do with cooking, preparing mealsdelectable adj. deliciousemaciated adj. very, very thin due to lack of adequate foodepicurean adj. having to do with relishing the pleasure of eating and drinking (n. epicure)glutton n. one who overindulges in food and drinkpalatable adj. pleasing to the taste budsravenous adj. very hungrysavory adj. tasty or good smellingvoracious adj. greedy; gluttonous; ravenous; insatiable Lesson 22 Words Relating to Being Carefulchary adj. cautious; warycircumspect adj. careful and cautious before actingconscientious adj. relating to doing what one knows is right; scrupulousexacting adj. requiring a great deal of care or effort; painstakinggingerly adj. very carefullyheedful adj. paying careful attention tometiculous adj. very careful; fussy; finickyscrupulous adj. showing great care and honesty, based on personal belief of what is right and propervigilant adj. carefully alert and watchfulwary adj. cautious, careful Lesson 23 Words Relating to Being Short-lived in Time or Placeephemeral adj. lasting a short time; fleetingevanescent adj. vanishing quickly; fleetingfleeting adj. short-liveditinerant adj. wandering about; tending to move around, travelnomadic adj. wanderingperipatetic adj. moving or walking about; itineranttransient adj. lasting for only a short time; temporarytransitory adj. fleetingvolatile adj. explosive or changing very quickly Lesson 24 Words Relating to the Old or the New The Old . . .antediluvian adj. very, very old; antiquatedantiquated adj. very old and no longer in use; obsoleteantiquity n. ancient timesarchaic adj. old; from a much earlier time; antiquatedobsolete adj. old; outdated, as in no longer in userelic n. a custom or object that has been around for a very, very long timeThe New . . .contemporary adj. modern, new; relating to the same time periodinception n. the start, the beginning of somethinginnovation n. something newnovel adj. newunprecedented adj. novel; unparalleled Lesson 25 Words Relating to Being Sneaky or Hardly Noticeableclandestine adj. hidden, secret, concealedcovert adj. secret, hiddenfurtive adj. sneakyinconspicuous adj. hardly noticeablesly adj. underhanded, furtivestealthy adj. secretive, slysurreptitious adj. done or made in a secret, stealthy wayunobtrusive adj. inconspicuous; not easily noticed Lesson 26 Words Relating to People You Will Meet on the SAT Iadversary n. an opponentartisan n. a person who is skillful with his or her handsascetic n. a person who refrains from indulging in earthly pleasurescharlatan n. a fraud; a quack or imposterdiva n. a highly skilled singer, usually an opera singerhedonist n. a person who lives for pleasurepariah n. a social outcastraconteur n. a skillful storytellerskeptic n. a person who doubts virtuoso n. a highly skilled performer, usually a musical performer Lesson 27 Words Relating to Things of Little Importance or Valueextraneous adj. not necessary; not an essential part; not relevantfrivolous adj. not having substance or s sense of importance or seriousness; silly; trivial; triflingincidental adj. less important; minorinconsequential adj. irrelevant; of no significance; unimportantirrelevant adj. not relating to the matter at handnegligible adj. able of likely to be neglected or bypassed due to smallness or lack of importanceperipheral adj. only marginally connected to what is truly important; minor or incidental; relating to the field of visionpetty adj. minor or trivial; small in quantitysuperficial adj. lacking in depth or importance; on the surfacetrifling adj. lacking significance; unimportanttrivial adj. unimportant; trifling; ordinary Lesson 28 Words Relating to Being Wise and Sharp-Mindedacute adj. keen-minded; sharpastute adj. sharp-minded; very cleardiscerning adj. able to judge people and situations clearlyerudite adj. wise due to much reading and studying; scholarlyincisive adj. sharp; keeningenious adj. very clever or inventivejudicious adj. showing wisdom in judging people and situationsperspicacious adj. using wise judgment; sharp-mindedprudent adj. careful, cautious, and wisesagacious adj. wisesavvy adj. smart; informedshrewd adj. insightful; clever Lesson 29 Words that Sound and/or Look Alike But Have Different Meaningsacrid adj. bitter, harsharid adj. dry, lacking wateraesthetic adj. having to