四级模拟练习(三).doc

四级模拟练习（三）Part 1 Skimming and Scanning (True or False Questions + Blank Filling) Directions: Read the following passage and then answer the questions. For questions 1-7, choose Y (YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage, choose N (NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage, choose NG (NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage. A Roof over Our HeadsMan has three basic needs: food, clothing and shelter. If a man lives in a warm climate, clothing is not absolutely necessary. However, man cannot live without food, and he has little chance of survival without shelter. Man needs shelter to protect himself from the weather, wild animals, insects, and enemies.History of shelters Long before man learned how to build houses, he looked for natural shelters, as the animals did. He found that he could protect himself by climbing up into trees or by hiding in caves. The first shelters or homes actually built by man were very simple. For his building materials, he used whatever he could find easily around him: rocks, tree branches, dried grasses, and animal skins. It was a long time, however, before man began to build permanent (永久的) shelters because, until man learned to farm, he lived by hunting (狩猎). And, in order to follow game (猎物), he had to be able to move from one hunting ground to another. Thus, the first man-made shelters were those that could be easily transported.The first permanent shelters were probably built twenty or forty thousand years ago by fish-eating people who lived in the places as long as the fish supply lasted. Fish-eaters could stay in one place for several years. However, once man learned to farm, he could live longer in such a place. Thus, he was able to build a permanent home. Once again, he built his home with the materials he found at hand. In Egypt, for example, wood was scarce, so most houses were built of dried mud, with a roof supported by tree trunks.When the Norsemen came from Scandinavia to northern Europe, they found many forests, so they built homes with a framework of heavy tree trunks and then filled the space between the trunks with mud. The Eskimos, on the other hand, lived in a land where there was little or no wood. They learned to adapt their homes perfectly to their surroundings. In the wintertime, when everything was covered with snow and ice, the Eskimos built their homes with blocks of ice. When the warm weather came and the ice turned to water, the Eskimos lived in a tent made of animal skins.Weather and houses The weather is mans worst natural enemy. He has to protect himself from extremes of heat and cold and from storms, wind and rain. Where the weather is hot and dry, the windows are small and high up, so that the heat stays outside. There is often a flat roof, where people can find a cool place to sleep. In hot, wet areas, on the other hand, people need to be protected from the rain, as well as the heat. In such places, houses are built with wide roofs that hang over the side of their homes.Where there is a lot of rainfall, houses are built with steep (陡峭的) roofs to drain off the rain. People living in the Congo River region have found that steep roofs flow off large rains more quickly. Other people in Africa have found that rain flows quickly off a roof of broad leaves.Building houses In Borneo, houses are built on high posts to protect people from dampness. And there are tribes in Malaysia that build their homes in the branches of trees, and people climb up to their houses on bamboo ladders. In northern countries, people build houses to protect themselves from cold and snow. Their houses are built of strong materials, and the roofs are steep, so that the snow will fall off. And, in northern Siberia, where snowfall is extremely heavy, the roofs even have a funnel-shaped (漏斗型的) platform to protect the chimneys from drifting snow.Protection from danger has also influenced the type of house man builds. When enemies threatened him, man made his house in places that are difficult to reach. People in the Philippines protect themselves by living high above the ground. When danger threatens, they remove the ladders leading to their homes. People who lived on the cliffs of the American Southwest built their homes high up on the sides of cliffs, where access was very difficult.Nomad tribes (游牧部落) must move from place to place, taking care of flocks of sheep that are always in need of fresh grass. Their houses must be simple and easy to transport. The nomads of central Asia have developed a round house with a hole at the top to let the smoke out.In Europe there are very few wooden houses being built today. This is partly because wood is no longer as plentiful as it once was, and partly because wooden houses burn quite easily. On the other hand, there are many wooden houses in America. This is because the first settlers wanted to build houses quickly and cheaply. Since the country was covered in many places with forests, some trees had to be cut down to make houses.Houses in many cities used to be made of wood. However, since the houses were very close together, fire could easily spread from one house to another. There were records of large fires in some cities, such as the great fire of London in 1666. When the burned-out cities were rebuilt, wood was still used for the roofs, but stones were used for walls.There are so many people living in some cities where it is often very difficult to find a place to live, and if one does find a place it is often too small. And many of the houses are too old and uncomfortable. Just as in mans earliest days, finding a good place to live continues to be one of his biggest concerns.1. Trees and caves served as mans first shelters. 2. Permanent houses were built after man learned farming. 3. Eskimos live in homes built with blocks of ice all the time. 4. Different roofs have different functions. 5. Steep roofs are built in areas that are both hot and dry. 6. Protection from danger is another factor people have to consider when building their houses.7. Nomad tribes move from one place to another for different seasons. 8. In the U.S., there were many , because they could be built quickly and cheaply. 9. When London was rebuilt, were used for walls. 10. One of the most urgent problems man is faced with is to live. Part 2 Understanding Short Conversations (每题1分, 共8分) Directions:In this section youll hear some short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear. 1. A. In China. B. In Japan. C. In Korea. D. At home. 2. A. To reduce the size of the head office. B. To help the company make more money. C. To try new Japanese techniques. D. To learn from Japanese companies. 3. A. The things the man has learned. B. The success the man has found. C. The ways the man has changed his life. D. The attitude of learning the man has adopted. 4. A. The man cant make his own interviews. B. The man hasnt ever worked in business. C. The man doesnt teach kids about business. D. The man doesnt want a new job. 5. A. He only had something to talk about. B. He missed his home country too much. C. He only went to one countryItaly. D. He didnt have enough time. 6. A. He believes people work there. B. Hes heard about the school. C. He has found a friend succeed in it. D. Hes heard that it is an interesting program. 7. A. How to set goals. B. How to become a teacher. C. How to understand values. D. How to develop thinking skills. 8. A. In a post office. B. In a bank. C. In a shop. D. In a school. Part 3 Understanding Long Conversations (每题2 分，共20分) Directions:In this section youll hear a long conversation or conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear. Questions 9 to 13 are based on the same passage or dialog. 9. A. To make students study more. B. To help students be more successful. C. To see if classes are being taught well. D. To make changes to education. 10. A. To check if changes should be made. B. To understand more about tests. C. To compare them with results in other countries. D. To see if their child is making any progress. 11. A. 70%. B. 73%. C. 85%. D. 87%. 12. A. Different countries and their teaching methods. B. Help for students in getting good grades. C. Improvements made possible through tests. D. The purpose of tests and interpretation of grades. 13. A. Parent and child. B. Psychologist and patient. C. Teacher and student. D. Employer and employee. Questions 14 to 18 are based on the same passage or dialog. 14. A. In a classroom. B. At an office. C. At home. D. On a sports field. 15. A. She has some questions that she doesnt understand. B. She is asking an important question concerning sports. C. Her questions could help the school become better. D. Her questions might help other students too. 16. A. 70%. B. 20%. C. 30%. D. 50%. 17. A. Asking more questions. B. Taking up sports. C. Being unique. D. Making discoveries. 18. A. Enjoy discovering new things. B. Try to become a unique student. C. Try to discover what is most preferred. D. Focus on all their studies as much as possible. Part 4 Understanding Passages (每题1 分，共15分) Directions:In this section youll hear a passage or passages. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear. Questions 19 to 23 are based on the same passage or dialog. 19. A. American opinions about schools. B. The role of parents in American education. C. Responsibility in American classrooms. D. American high schools. 20. A. American high schools are public schools. B. American high schools take their responsibilities very seriously. C. Education has an honored place in American society. D. Parents share in the school lives of their children. 21. A. Guidance advisers. B. Their parents. C. Their teachers. D. Their organizations. 22. A. To give a lesson at school. B. To make a teaching plan. C. To share in the school life of their children. D. To attend a Parent-Teacher Organization. 23. A. Discussing childrens problems. B. Entering children in lower grade classes. C. Organizing the work of the school. D. Working out a plan for the class lessons. Questions 24 to 28 are based on the same passage or dialog. 24. A. He wants to invite the readers to sit down. B. He is going to talk about the art of photography. C. He is going to introduce two men who couldnt stand. D. He wants the readers to focus on the two famous men. 25. A. Self-image is something that a disabled man possesses. B. Self-image has nothing to do with success or failure. C. Self-image definitely helps a person succeed. D. Self-image is a picture that a person discovers himself. 26. A. He lost part of his foot. B. He cured deafness. C. He became a football player. D. He became a great composer. 27. A. He had a negative self-image. B. He was missing a part of his foot. C. He couldnt hear others at all. D. He was a very poor football player. 28. A. How to be a professional musician. B. How to be an excellent football player. C. The importance of a positive self-image. D. The importance of having a dream. Questions 29 to 33 are based on the same passage or dialog. 29. A. A storm. B. A plane disappearance. C. A flight to Alaska. D. The military. 30. A. To help a friend get elected. B. To search for a lost friend. C. To see Blue Mountain Pass. D. To become re-elected. 31. A. They would never want to stop the search. B. They would eventually find Penn. C. They would feel tired. D. They would conduct a professional search. 32. A. Penns plane entering Blue Mountain Pass. B. A severe storm on the day of the flight. C. The radio from Penns plane. D. The largest search in Alaskas history. 33. A. 325,000. B. 39. C. 3,600. D. 55. Part 5 Compound Dictation （每题1.2分，共12分） Directions:In this section you will hear a passage or passages three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the information you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Questions 34 to 43 are based on the same passage or dialog. Education doesnt just happen in the classroom. The home is also an important learning 34. . The importance of family involvement was a key message 35. and agreed upon by educationalists. When family members are directly 36. in education, children are better behaved. The family supports children in 37. time, space and materials needed for studying. Children should be 38. regular household tasks to help develop responsibility. Its important for children to 39. rules in their out-of-school activities. Parents should also guide the use of 40. time so that it is constructive. Its also important for parents to reward success in a consistent manner so that children will 41. _. Parents should encourage childrens overall development and progress in school. When parents express an interest in childrens school work, 42. _. Encourage children to explain projects and other work. Attend appropriate school events, and stay in touch with your childrens teachers. Education should not be seen as an activity in which only children are involved. Families should discuss current events, 43_. together to find their educational value. At this age, children frequently try to push away from their parents, but there is no substitute for family involvement in education.Part 6 Reading Comprehension (Banked Cloze) （每题1分，共10分） Directions:Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from the Word Bank. You may not use any of the words more than once. A. tackle B. fines C. challenge D. proposals E. imply F. energeticG. infer H. attendance I. revise J. mood K. reinforce L. outlookM. boost N. formation O. punishment Questions 44 to 53 are based on the following passage. How would you go about designing a math curriculum? There is a real need to 44 academic achievement in schools and help with the development of a students overall character. Many schools are asking their students what 45 they have for improving their education. Teachers and other faculty members are asking questions like How can we encourage better 46 in certain classes? One teacher, Francis Barker, explained how she got unexpected positive results from a tough bunch of kids. My math class had become increasingly empty. Instead of handing out 47 , I decided to ask students what I could do better. Surprisingly, they had a lot of great suggestions about how to 48 the way math is taught. Right after I implemented some of their ideas, the 49 in the classroom really changed. Students became more 50 about learning. Almost all of the students started attending class every day. The conventional way to 51 this problem would have been to punish my students, but that wouldnt have worked with this group. I understood that my primary goal had to be the 52 of a new bond between them and me. My method may have been controversial, but I wanted to 53 to the students that in order to learn, we need to work together.Ms. Barker won the Teacher of the Year Award at her school.44. _ 45. _ 46. _ 47. _ 48. _ 49 _50. _51. _52. _ 53. _Part 7 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice) （每题2分，共20分） Directions:Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. Passage 1 Questions 54 to 58 are based on the same passage or dialog. So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake things for children that children can only do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity: it can be seen and observed.Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public examination.If teacher and learner roles are distinguishable, how can teaching aid the child in the quest for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience for children.When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfill