河北省定兴县高考英语二轮复习 阅读理解训练（2）.doc

河北定兴县2016高考英语二轮阅读理解训练（2） 科普知识型阅读理解(二) studying volcanoes is a demanding profession. hazel rymer frequently has to struggle through rainforests, climb to the top of mountains, then climb 200 metres into the crater of active volcanoes. but the 38yearold volcanologist does her best to make it sound less alarming than it is. “driving to work is more risky，” she insists. “and the deepest i go into the crater of a volcano is about 300 metres，” she adds, trying to make it all sound as ordinary as taking the dog for a walk. hazel has been studying volcanoes for a long time, so its not surprising she is used to the danger. her interest in volcanoes began at school. a teacher gave her a book about pompeii. “i remember reading about the eruption of vesuvius and the destruction of the city，” she explains. “the thought of all those people just frozen in time had quite an effect on me and i am still excited by their dangerous beauty today.” nowadays, volcanoes are getting more and more unpredictable. there have been many changes in sea level caused by global warming and melting ice caps. these have resulted in some dormant volcanoes erupting, so studying them is more dangerous than ever before. hazel says that although she doesnt take any unnecessary risk, she has had some frightening moments. her worst experience was on the slopes of mount etna in sicily, when she was slowly surrounded by lava. “i had a choice of walking ten hours to get around the lava flow or just walking across it，” she explains. she chose to pick a path across the cooler rocks in the lava stream. “i guess it was five metres. the flow was 1，000c, so if you hesitated, your boots would begin to melt. it was scary, but it really was a practical decisionthere wasnt time to do anything else.”and what about the future? “i havent been to the volcanoes in indonesia yet. and i would love to spend some time working in the antarctic，” she says. “i would also like to know why quiet lava flows erupt from some volcanoes and why other volcanoes go bang.” in other words, hazel rymer wont be exchanging her volcanoes for the relative safety of driving to work just yet.1. hazels claim that “driving to work is more risky” than exploring volcanoes shows that _apeople have exaggerated the dangers of volcanoes in the pastbhazel does not really understand the dangerous situations she puts herself incthere are many bad drivers in the place where hazel livesdhazel is being modest and understating the dangers she faces 2. when did hazel first become interested in volcanoes?awhen she was visiting italy.bwhen she was at school.cwhen she was twenty.dwhen she saw vesuvius. 3. the underlined word “these” (in paragraph 3) refers to “_”amelting ice capsbvolcanic eruptionscchanges in sea leveldhigher temperatures 4. when hazel was on mount etna, she had to _atake a dangerous routebtake an unnecessary riskcleave her boots behinddwalk for ten hours around the mountain 5. in the future, hazel wants to _arevisit volcanoes she knowsbgo on holiday to the antarcticcfind a less dangerous jobddiscover new things about volcanoes【参考答案解析】b【要点综述】 本文主要介绍了火山学家hazel rymer的一些关于火山的研究活动。1d由此句话的前一句“but the 38yearold volcanologist does her best to make it sound less alarming than it is.”以及此句话可知，hazel rymer说开车上班比对火山进行研究更危险可推断出，她是以一种谦虚的说法淡化其面临的危险。2b由第二段第二句“her interest in volcanoes began at school.”可知她在读书时就对火山感兴趣。3c由画线词的前一句话“there have been many changes in sea level caused by global warming and melting ice caps.”可知画线词应该指的是海平线的变化。4a由第三段最后几句“i had a choice of walking ten hours to get around the lava flow or just walking across it， she explains.she chose to pick a path across the cooler rocks in the lava stream.i guess it was five metres.the flow was 1，000c, so if you hesitated, your boots would begin to melt.it was scary, but it really was a practical decision there wasnt time to do anything else.”可知她选择了从熔岩流中走过，而这是一条危险的路。5d由最后一段的内容“i would also like to know why quiet lava flows erupt from some volcanoes and why other volcanoes go bang”可知，hazel将继续对火山进行研究，并发现一些新的东西。阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项。 a little girl lived in a small, very simple, poor house on a hill and as she grew she would play in the small garden. there, she was able to see over the garden fence and across the valley to a wonderful house high on the hill. this house had golden windows, so golden and shining that the little girl would dream of how magic it would be to grow up and live in a house with golden windows instead of an ordinary house like hers. although she loved her parents and her family, she yearned to live in such a golden house and dreamed all day about how wonderful and exciting it must feel to live there.when she got to an age when she gained enough skill and sensibility to go outside her garden fence, she asked her mother if she could go for a bike ride outside the gate and down the lane. after pleading with her, her mother finally allowed her to go, insisting that she should keep close to the house and not wander too far. the day was beautiful and the little girl knew exactly where she was heading! down the lane and across the valley, she rode her bike until she got to the gate of the golden house across on the other hill.as she dismounted her bike and leaned it against the gate post, she focused on the path that led to the house and then on the house itself. she was so disappointed as she realized all the windows were plain and rather dirty, reflecting nothing other than the sad neglect of the house that was derelict.so sad she didnt go any further and turned, and heart broken as she remounted her bike. as she glanced up she saw a sight to amaze her. there across the way on her side of the valley was a little house and its windows glistened golden as the sun shone on her little home.she realized that she had been living in her golden house and all the love and care she found there was what made her home the golden house. everything she dreamed was right there in front of her nose!26.why did the girl long for the house on the hill?a.because there was a small garden. b. because its magic.c.because its ordinary.d. because its windows looked golden.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据this house had golden windows, so golden and shining that the little girl would dream of how magic it would be to grow up and live in a house with golden windows instead of an ordinary house like hers.因为小女孩认为那是一个有金窗子的房子，希望长大后住在金窗子的房子里，而不是像她家的普通房子，故选d。 27.whichstatement is true according to paragraph 2 and 3?a.thegirls mother finally allowed her to go to the golden house alone.b.thegolden house was on the hill where the girl lived.c what disappointed the little girl was that the house was locked.d. actually , the windows of the golden house were common and covered with dirt.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据she was so disappointed as she realized all the windows were plain and rather dirty,她走到金窗子的房子那里一看它的窗子是非常平常的并且还相当的脏，故选d。28.what amazed the girl was that_a.her home was another golden houseb.there was no golden house indeedc.she could see the golden house only when she looked upd.the golden house disappeared when the sun shone on it【答案】a 【解析】细节理解题。根据as she glanced up she saw a sight to amaze her. there across the way on her side of the valley was a little house and its windows glistened golden as the sun shone on her little home.当她向她家的房子看去时她的房子在阳光的照射下竟然地金色的窗子，故选a。29.what can be inferred from the passage? a.the mother thought that she neednt keep an eye on her daughter.b.the girl was determined to go to the golden house at the beginning.c.the girl had no idea where she was heading after leaving home.d.the girl didnt love or care for her parents .【答案】b【解析】推理判断题。根据this house had golden windows, so golden and shining that the little girl would dream of how magic it would be to grow up and live in a house with golden windows instead of an ordinary house like hers.可以推出这个女孩在起初就想去金色房子那里，故选b。30.the passage is intended to tell us that_.a.girls often have amazing imagination b. not all dreams will come truec.what we dream of may be just around us d. nothing is impossible to a willing heart【答案】c 【解析】写作意图题。根据she realized that she had been living in her golden house and all the love and care she found there was what made her home the golden house. everything she dreamed was right there in front of her nose!自己梦想得到的东西其实就在自己的身边，故选c。 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的a、b、c和d项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将 该项涂黑。kilimanjaro climb : a rite of passage for father and sonclimbing kilimanjaro is a transformational experience for many people. the things that make the mountain hard are the very things that make it so powerful. in the case of my son josh and i，the walk up kilimanjaro proved a powerful symbol of his transition into manhood, and a great change in our relationship.day three on the mountain, josh was hit with massive headaches. he told me every step felt like a nail driving into his head. and then, on the night we climbed the crater rim, less than 40 minutes from the summit, josh fell. i was walking ahead, and did not even see it. he was so exhausted that he could not get up. he recalled our guides, debating whether or not they should take him straight down. josh snapped out of it. he forced himself to his feet, shook the guides off. he set his face towards the peak and just kept marching. near the summit he caught up with me and we reached the peak together.“ ive never been in so much pain and so happy at the same time，he said, as we sat side by side on the frozen rock and looked down over africa. “you know, in the past when wed go on camping and rafting trips, you guided and took care of me through it all. but on kilimanjaro it was different. from the bottom up, i climbed it. i never felt like a kid, even when 1 was in pain. you never acted like a parent.”“thats not quite true，”i replied. “when you told me that on the summit you fell-and i did not even notice, my first thought was, oh my god! im such an awful parent! but then it hit me, he got himself up. he walked to the peak on his own. he didnt need me to help.，”i realized as i spoke that two people had died that night on kilimanjaro. a child and a parent. it was just two friends who walked down the mountain together.31.what is not mentioned in the first paragraph?a.kilimanjaro is powerful.b.kilimanjaro is hard to climb.c.many people, including josh, have changed after climbing kilimanjaro.d.the writer has a distant relationship with his son after climbing kilimanjaro.【答案】d【解析】细节理解题。根据文章第一段提到乞力马扎罗山很强大，很难爬，很多人，包括josh都在爬过乞力马扎罗山后改变了。没有提到 d选项的内容，故选d。32.from the second paragraph we know that_a.josh had a slight headache.b.josh reached the top of the mountain with the help of the guides.c.josh overcame various difficulties on his way to the summit.d.climbing kilimanjaro was too hard for such a child as josh.【答案】c【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的句子：he forced himself to his feet, shook the guides off. he set his face towards the peak and just kept marching. near the summit he caught up with me and we reached the peak together.可知josh在登上山顶的过程中克服了很多困难。.故选c。33.what does the underlined phrase in the second paragraph mean?a.cheered up b. gave upc. burst outd. ran out【答案】a【解析】细节理解题。cheer up振作起来；gave up放弃；burst out突发；ran out耗尽。根据he forced himself to his feet, shook the guides off.可知：snap out of重新振作起来。故选a。34.what can be inferred from the talk between the father and the son?a.josh felt quite good about his independence.b.josh appreciated his parents ，company and care.c.the father felt guilty all the time.d.the father should have taken good care of josh as usual.【答案】a【解析】推理判断题。根据：“ ive never been in so much pain and so happy at the same time，可知josh对自己的独立感觉很好。故选a。 35.why did the father feel that two people had died?a.because two people had lost their lives while climbing kilimanjaro.b.because the father and son had become friends.c.because they had witnessed an accidence of a father and son.d.because two friends had misled him.【答案】b【解析】细节理解题。根据it was just two friends who walked down the mountain together.可知父亲觉得和儿子成为了朋友，所以以前的两个人死了。故选b。科普知识型阅读理解(二) online clothes shoppers will be told exactly what size is best, for them using new software which combines with their webcam or smart phone to form a “3d tape measure”. scientists from surrey university and design experts from the london college of fashion are developing a programme which can take precise waist, hip, chest and other measurements from camera images. using the persons height as a starting point, the software will be able to build up and estimate their size at various different points on the body, based on their overall proportions.the result will be a more accurate sizing guide than previous systems based on the waist size or a “small/medium/large” scale, which rely on limited measurements and the buyers perception of their own body size. shoppers and retailers(零售商) who choose to sign up for the project could save millions of pounds a year in postage costs by removing the need to order multiple sizes of the same garment(服装) and send back illfitting clothes, researchers claimed. the project, sponsored by the engineering and physical sciences research council(epsrc), is expected to be brought to market within two years.after choosing an item, the shopper will activate the software, enter their height, stand in front of their webcam or smart phone in their underwear and take a photograph.the software will not store or transmit the image to the internet, but will use it to judge the persons dimensions at various points on their body.philip delamore of the london college of fashion said, “the potential benefits for the fashion industry and for shoppers are huge. currently, its common for online shoppers to order two or three different sizes of the same item of clothing at the same time, as theyre unsure which one will fit best.”1. what is the essential part of a “3d tape measure”？aa software.ba webcam.ca microphone.da smart phone.2. what can we learn about the “3d tape measure”？ait will store or transmit the image to the internet.bit is based on the buyers perception of their size.cit will be a coworking production.dit uses a persons weight as a starting point. 3. compared with the traditional sizing system, a “3d tape measure”