中山大学新理5.0英语自主学习大厅第四册第四单元B套答案.doc

中山大学新理5.0英语自主学习大厅第四册第四单元B套答案B4U4-B Part I Listening Comprehension ( 15 minutes ) Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear ten statements. Numbers 1 to 6 are based on Text A while the rest are based on Text B. Each statement will be read ONLY ONCE. Listen carefully and decide whether each statement is true or false. 1. A) T B) F Script: Globalization is something that touches all our lives. 正确答案： A 2. A) T B) F Script: People see the world increasingly as one vast, interconnected marketplace in which corporations search for the most advantageous locations to buy, produce and sell their goods and services. 正确答案： A 3. A) T B) F Script: Harvard Professor Samuel Huntington describes Davos Man (a phrase that first got widespread attention in the 1990s) as an emerging global superspecies and a threat. 正确答案： A 4. A) T B) F Script: Huntington argues that Davos Mans global-citizen self-image isnt starkly at odds with the values of most Americans, who remain deeply committed to their nation. 正确答案： B 5. A) T B) F Script: In many ways, the American establishment, governmental and private, has become increasingly divorced from the American people 正确答案： A 6. A) T B) F Script: Naturally, many Davos Men do accept Huntingtons terms. 正确答案： B 7. A) T B) F Script: Sept. 11 will be remembered for ending the process of global financial, trade and technological integration, and it may also be remembered for bringing some sobriety to the anti-globalization movement. 正确答案： A 8. A) T B) F Script: Even as the globalization of capital accelerated in the 1980s, most foreign investment was between relatively wealthy countries, not from wealthy countries into poorer ones. U.S. technology, companies and money were often at the forefront of this movement. 正确答案： B 9. A) T B) F Script: Countries that dont trade in goods and services also tend not to trade in ideas, pluralism or tolerance. 正确答案： A 10. A) T B) F Script: Opponents of globalization are naturally keen to seize upon any event that would appear to support their case, and the terrorist attacks on the United States on September 11, 2001, seemed to provide one such opportunity. 正确答案： A Section B Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written. Globalization is a process of (11)_ and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and (12)_ and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the (13)_ , on culture, on political systems, on economic development and (14)_ , and on human physical (15)_ in societies around the world. Globalization is not new, though. For thousands of years, people and, later, (16)_ have been buying from and selling to each other in lands at great (17)_ , such as through the famed Silk Road across Central Asia that connected China and Europe during the Middle Ages . Likewise, for centuries, people and corporations (18)_ enterprises in other countries. In fact, many of the features of the current wave of globalization are similar to those prevailing before the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. But policy and technological developments of the past few decades have spurred increases in cross-border trade, investment, and migration so large that many observers believe the world has entered a (19)_ in its economic development. Since 1950, for example, the volume of world trade has increased by 20 times, and from just 1997 to 1999 flows of foreign investment nearly doubled, from $ 468 billion to $ 827 billion. Distinguishing (20)_ of globalization from earlier ones, author Thomas Friedman has said that today globalization is “farther, faster, cheaper, and deeper.” Script: Globalization is a process of interaction and integration among the people, companies, and governments of different nations, a process driven by international trade and investment and aided by information technology. This process has effects on the environment, on culture, on political systems, on economic development and prosperity, and on human physical well-being in societies around the world. Globalization is not new, though. For thousands of years, people and, later, corporations have been buying from and selling to each other in lands at great distances, such as through the famed Silk Road across Central Asia that connected China and Europe during the Middle Ages. Likewise, for centuries, people and corporations have invested in enterprises in other countries. In fact, many of the features of the current wave of globalization are similar to those prevailing before the outbreak of the First World War in 1914. But policy and technological developments of the past few decades have spurred increases in cross-border trade, investment, and migration so large that many observers believe the world has entered a qualitatively new phase in its economic development. Since 1950, for example, the volume of world trade has increased by 20 times, and from just 1997 to 1999 flows of foreign investment nearly doubled, from $ 468 billion to $ 827 billion. Distinguishing this current wave of globalization from earlier ones, author Thomas Friedman has said that today globalization is “farther, faster, cheaper, and deeper.” 正确答案： interaction 正确答案： investment 正确答案： environment 正确答案： prosperity 正确答案： well-being 正确答案： corporations 正确答案： distances 正确答案： have invested in 正确答案： qualitatively new phase 正确答案： this current wave Part II Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes ) Section A Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once. A) benefitedB) advantageousC) finished productsD) erase E) acceleratedF) wealthyG) at odds withH) witnessed I) displaceJ) beating a path toK) let aloneL) in turn M) encouragesN) high-qualityO) forefront 21._ 正确答案： A 22._ 正确答案： C 23._ 正确答案： E 24._ 正确答案： F 25._ 正确答案： O 26._ 正确答案： H 27._ 正确答案： J 28._ 正确答案： L 29._ 正确答案： M 30._ 正确答案： N Section B Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice. Passage One Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. A strange thing about humans is their capacity for blind rage. Rage is presumably an emotion resulting from survival instinct, but the surprising thing about it is that we do not deploy it against other animals. If we encounter a dangerous wild animal ? a poisonous snake or a wild cat ? we do not fly into a temper. If we are unarmed, we show fear and attempt to back away; if we are suitably armed, we attack, but in a rational manner not in a rage. We reserve rage for our own species. It is hard to see any survival value in attacking ones own, but if we take account of the long competition, which must have existed between our own subspecies and others like Neanderthal man ? indeed others still more remote from us than Neanderthal man ? human rage becomes more comprehensible. In our everyday language and behavior there are many reminders of those early struggles. We are always using the words “us and them”. “Our” side is perpetually trying to do down the “other” side. In games we artificially create other subspecies we can attack. The opposition of “us” and “them” is the touchstone of the two-party system of “democratic” politics. Although there are no very serious consequences to many of these modern psychological representations of the “us and them” emotion, it is as well to remember that the original aim was not to beat the other subspecies in a game but to exterminate it. The readiness with which humans allow themselves to be regimented has permitted large armies to be formed, which, taken together with the “us and them” blind rage, has led to destructive clashes within our subspecies itself. The First World War is an example in which Europe divided itself into two imaginary subspecies. And there is a similar extermination battle now in Northern Ireland. The idea that there is a religious basis for this clash is illusory, for not even the Pope has been able to control it. The clash is much more primitive than the Christian religion, much older in its emotional origin. The conflict in Ireland is unlikely to stop until a greater primitive fear is imposed from outside the community, or until the combatants become exhausted. 31. A suitable title for this passage would be_. A) Why Human Armies Are Formed B) Mans Anger Against Rage C) The Human Capacity for Rage D) Early Struggles of Angry Man 正确答案： C 32. According to the author, the surprising aspect of human anger is _. A) its lengthy and complex development B) a conflict such as is now going on in Northern Ireland C) that we do not fly into a temper more often D) that we reserve anger for mankind 正确答案： D 33. The passage suggests that_. A) historically, we have created an “us” versus “them” society B) humans have had a natural disinclination toward formal grouping C) the First World War is an example of how man has always avoided domination D) the emotional origin of the war in Ireland is lost in time 正确答案： A 34. From the passage we can infer that _. A) the artificial creation of a subspecies unlike us is something that never happens B) games are psychologically unhealthy C) any artificially created subspecies would be our enemy D) the real or imagined existence of an opposing subspecies is inherent in mans activities 正确答案： D 35. The author believes that a religious explanation for the war in Northern Ireland is_. A) founded in historical fact B) deceptive C) apparent D) probably accurate 正确答案： B Passage Two Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. The most effective attacks against globalization are usually not those related to economics. Instead, they are social, ethical and, above all, cultural. These arguments surfaced amid the protests in Seattle in 1999 and more recently in Davos, Bangkok and Prague. They say this: the disappearance of national borders and the establishment of a world interconnected by markets will deal a death blow to regional and national cultures, and to the traditions, customs, myths and mores that determine each countrys or regions cultural identity. Since most of the world is incapable of resisting the invasion of cultural products from developed countries that inevitably trails the great transnational corporations, North American culture will ultimately impose itself, standardizing the world and annihilating its richness of diverse cultures. In this manner, all other peoples, and not just the small and weak ones, will lose their identity, their soul, and will become no more than 21st-century colonies modeled after the cultural norms of a new imperialism that, in addition to ruling over the planet with its capital, military might and scientific knowledge, will impose on others its language and its ways of thinking, believing, enjoying and dreaming. Even though I believe this cultural argument against globalization is unacceptable, we should recognize that deep within it lies an unquestionable truth. This century, the world in which we will live will be less picturesque and filled with less local color than the one we left behind. The festivals, attire (穿着), customs, ceremonies, rites and beliefs that in the past gave humanity its culturally and racially variety are progressively disappearing or confining themselves to minority sectors, while the bulk of society abandons them and adopts others more suited to the reality of our time. All countries of the earth experience this process, some more quickly than others, but it is not due to globalization. Rather, it is due to modernization, of which the former is effect, not cause. This process is unavoidable. In theory, perhaps, a country could keep this identity, but only if ? like certain remote tribes in Africa or the Amazon ? it decides to live in total isolation, cutting off all exchange with other nations and practicing self-sufficiency. A cultural identity preserved in this form would take that society back to prehistoric standards of living. It is true that modernization makes many forms of traditional life disappear. But at the same time, it opens opportunities and constitutes an important step forward for a society as a whole. 36. Which of the following is the argument against globalization? A) The world will become a globalized economic entity. B) Cultural identities in some countries will be compromised. C) Transnational corporations will take advantage of the poor countries. D) Poor countries will be dominated by the powerful ones. 正确答案： B 37. According to the author, _. A) globalization will enrich cultural diversity B) countries should strive to reserve their unique customs and practices C) modernization will succeed in some countries but not in others D) the world will be culturally less diversified because of globalization 正确答案： D 38. Which of the following statements would the author agree with? A) A country should try to retain its cultural identity in its modernization drive. B) Cultural identity may work against the aspiration for modernization. C) People should understand what may contribute to modernization. D) Its impossible for a country to modernize and keep its cultural identity intact. 正确答案： D 39. The authors main purpose is to_ . A) discuss globalization and cultural identity B) refute the cultural argument against globalization C) explain why modernization is inevitable D) discuss the consequences of globalization 正确答案： B 40. The author mentions the remote tribes in Africa and the Amazon to illustrate_ . A) the resistance that people put up against globalization B) the marginalization brought forth by globalization C) the importance of self-reliance and self-sufficiency D) the insurmountable difficulty of retaining cultural identity 正确答案： D Part III Vocabulary and Structure ( 10 minutes ) Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence. 41. As time goes by, his daughter is _ beautiful. A) most B) much C) increasing D) increasingly 正确答案： D 42. This is an ideal site for the factory _ it is close to the sources of supply of the raw materials. A) for that B) in order that C) in which D) in that 正确答案： D 43. Unfortunately, the tape has been _. A) disappeared B) erased C) eliminated D) abandoned 正确答案： B 44. He pulled out in order to _ the red van. A) overstay B) over step C) take over D) overtake 正确答案： D 45. A season ticket _ the holder to make as many journeys as he wishes within the stated period of time. A) titles B) grants C) entitles D) promises 正确答案： C 46. We _ a beautiful, pleasant girl. Which of the following is WRONG? A) view her as B) think her to be C) consider her as D) look her upon 正确答案： D 47. Expert say walking is one of the best ways for a person to _ healthy. A) preserve B) stay C) maintain D) reserve 正确答案： B 48. He was the only _ of the plane crash. A) survivor