河北省常州市高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（8）.doc

河北省常州市2016高考英语完形填空和阅读理解一轮练习（8）【2015高考复习】阅读理解many of us still tend to think that emotions can affect reasonablethought，and sometimes land us in trouble.but in recent years psychologists have taken quite a different view.keith oatley，professor of psychology at glasgow university，is involved in the research which shows the fundamental importance of emotions. he believes we_are_very_ambivalent_about_them：we think of our emotions as being unreasonable，but we also consider them as essential to being human.for example，mr spock，a character in the television series star trek，is superintelligent and he has no emotions at all.however，he is never made captain of the spaceship.maybe，this is because mr spock is not the kind of person you can share your feelings witha person who shows his emotions.as professor oatley points out，our emotions have very important functions，for example，fear.if we cross the road and a car approaches，we usually stop moving or step back.we stop what we are doing，check what we have done and pay very careful attention to the environment.the emotion of fear makes us take this small series of actions which，on average，help preserve our safety.on the other hand，if things are going well and small problems come up，we find we can solve them with the resources we have to hand.as a consequence，we tend to feel happy and usually continue doing the job.anger is an emotion that tends to occur when someone is preventing us from doing something.then this small “kit” of reactions enables us to prepare ourselves to be quite aggressive to that person，or to try harder，and so on.professor oatley believes emotions generally occur at these important moments in actions.with fear and anger our emotions make us decide to start doing something else，while with happiness they “suggest” we continue what we are already doing.【语篇解读】相关研究表明，情感对人而言至关重要，不可或缺。1whats keith oatleys opinion about emotions?athey affect reasonable thought.bthey get us into trouble.cthey are helpful to us.dthey are reasonable.解析细节理解题。根据文章第一段最后一句中的“which shows the fundamental importance of emotions”以及第三段中的“our emotions have very important functions”可知，oatley认为情感对我们来说是有益的。答案c2what does the underlined part “we are very ambivalent about them” in paragraph 2 mean?awe have contradictory feelings towards emotions.bwe have similar ideas of emotions.cwe are quite clear about emotions.dwe can do nothing about emotions.解析句意理解题。根据第二段中的“we think of our emotions as being unreasonable，but we also consider them as essential to being human”可知，我们认为我们的情感毫无道理，但对于我们人类来说，它是必不可少的，这足以说明我们的矛盾心理。答案a3which of the following is not mentioned in the passage?afear helps us to be careful about our surroundings.bhappiness inspires us to continue what we are doing.canger may urge us to make greater efforts.danger tends to do us more harm than good.解析细节理解题。本题可用排除法。根据第三段的内容可知a项正确；根据第四段的最后一句可知b项正确；根据第五段的最后一句可知c项正确。答案d4it can be inferred from the passage that_.awe must control our emotions in daily lifebemotions play a more important part than we realizecpositive emotions such as love and joy are good for usdnegative emotions make us continue what we are doing解析推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的内容可推知，积极的情感和消极的情感都发挥着比我们意识到的更重要的作用。答案b。故事型阅读理解。i still remembermy hands and my fingers still rememberwhat used to lie in store for us on our return to school from the holidays. the trees in the school yard would be in full leaf again and the old leaves would be lying around like a muddy sea of leaves.“get that all swept up！” the headmaster would tell us. “i want the whole place cleaned up, at once！” there was enough work there, to last over a week. especially since the only tools with which we were provided were our hands, our fingers, and our nails. “now see that its done properly, and be quick about it，” the headmaster would say to the older pupils, “or youll have to answer for it！” so at an order from the older boys we would all line up like peanuts about to cut and gather in crops. if the work was not going as quickly as the headmaster expected, the big boys, instead of giving us a helping hand, used to find it simpler to beat us with branches pulled from the trees. in order to avoid these blows, we used to bribe(贿赂) the older boys with the juicy cakes we used to bring for our midday meals. and if we happened to have any money on us, the coins changed hands at once. if we did not do this, if we were afraid of going home with an empty stomach or an empty purse, the blows were redoubled. they hit us so violently and with such evil enjoyment that even a deaf and dumb person would have realized that we were being whipped not so much to make us work harder, but rather to beat us into a state of obedience(服从) in which we would be only too glad to give up our food and money.occasionally one of us, worn out by such calculated cruelty, would have the courage to complain to the headmaster. he would of course be very angry, but the punishment he gave the older boys was always very smallnothing compared to what they had done to us. and the fact is that however much we complained, our situation did not improve in the slightest. perhaps we should have let our parents know what was going on, but somehow we never dreamed of doing so; i dont know whether it was loyalty or pride that kept us silent, but i can see now that we were foolish to keep quiet about it, for such beatings were completely foreign to our nature.1the statement “my hands and my fingers still remember” (para.1) means that_athe authors hands were severely injured in the cleaning upbthe author seldom did such hard work as the cleaning upcthe author was bullied by the big boys in the cleaning up dthe authors hands were his only tool for the cleaning up2the headmaster would tell the students to clean up the school yard at the beginning of the term because_ahe was too lazy bthere were many fallen leaves on the groundcthe school yard was covered with muddthe students didnt finish their homework3the headmaster asked the older boys to_abeat those who worked slowlybtreat the small boys as peanutsctake charge of the process of the cleaning upddo the cleaning up all by themselves4according to para. 3, if the author had any money on him, he most probably_agave it to the big boys so as to please thembgave it as a bribe to the headmastercspent it all on his midday mealdspent it buying midday meals for the big boys5when receiving complaints, the headmaster would deal with the big boys by means of _ aslight punishment bharsh criticismccomplete indifference dgood beatings(一)【要点综述】 本文为记叙文。文中作者回忆了早年读书期间，暑假返校清除落叶的一段经历。1d细节理解题。作者一开始用了两个remember表明他对暑假返校要清除落叶一事记忆深刻。第二段提到在为学校清除落叶时没有别的工具，唯一的工具就是手，由此可推断“手和指尖都记得”是因为在大扫除中，作者的手作为唯一的清洁工具受了不少的罪。2b细节理解题。第一段最后一句提到假期过后学校会堆满落叶，第二段校长发布学生大扫除的命令，两者之间的因果关系显而易见，因此本题应选b项。3c细节理解题。第二段最后一句，特别是其中的see，表明校长让大孩子们做大扫除的“监工”，负责带领其他孩子把学校打扫干净。这也可以从该段最后一句的“or youll have to answer for it(否则你们就要为此负责)”看出答案。4a推理判断题。根据第三段第四句中的“the coins changed hands at once.”可知“钱马上就会易主”，即到了大孩子们的口袋里。5a细节理解题。根据题干中的complaints可定位到最后一段开头两句。该段第二句表明校长对大孩子的惩罚很轻微，因此本题应选a项。完形填空(一)i went to a group activity，“sensitivity sunday”，which was to make us more _1_the problems faced by disabled people.we were asked to “_2_ a disability”for several hours one sunday.some members，_3_，chose to use wheelchairs.others wore soundblocking earplugs(耳塞) or blindfolds(眼罩)just sitting in the wheelchair was a_4_experience.i had never considered before how_5_it would be to use one.as soon as i sat down，my _6_made the chair begin to roll.its wheels were not_7_.then i wondered where to put my_8_.it took me quite a while to get the metal footrest into_9_.i took my first uneasy look at what was to be my only means of_10_for several hours.for disabled people，“adopting a wheelchair” is not a temporary(临时的)_11_.i tried to find a_12_position and thought it might be restful，_13_kind of nice，to be_14_around for a while.looking around，i_15_i would have to handle the thing myself！my hands started to ache as i_16_the heavy metal wheels.i came to know that controlling the_17_of the wheelchair was not going to be a(n)_18_task.my wheelchair experiment was soon_19_.it made a deep impression on me.a few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the_20_，both physical and mental，that disabled people must overcome.1acurious about binterested incaware of dcareful with解析考查形容词短语辨析。句意：“sensitivity sunday”活动的目的是让我们了解残疾人所面对的问题。make sb. aware of使某人意识到；curious about对好奇。答案c2a.cure bprevent cadopt danalyze解析考查动词辨析。句意：一个周日，我们被要求用残疾人的方式生活几个小时。adopt采用，符合语境。cure治疗；prevent防止；analyze分析。答案c3a.instead bstrangely cas usual dlike me解析句意：有些人像我一样选择了轮椅。根据下文可知作者选择了坐轮椅的方式来体验残疾人的生活。答案d4a.learning bworking csatisfying drelaxing解析考查形容词辨析。句意：仅坐在轮椅上是一种令人感到放松的体验。relaxing令人感到放松的；satisfying令人感到满意的。答案d5a.convenient bawkward cboring dexciting解析考查形容词。句意：我以前从来没有意识到操作轮椅是多么笨拙的事情。awkward笨拙的，不方便的；convenient方便的；boring烦人的。答案b6a.height bforce cskill dweight解析考查名词辨析。句意：我刚一坐上去，自身的重量使得轮椅动起来了。weight重量；height高度；force(武力)力量；skill技巧。答案d7a.locked brepaired cpowered dgrasped解析考查动词辨析。句意：轮子没有上锁(轮椅都有锁止功能)。(were) locked上锁；(were) repaired被修理；(were) powered被驱动；(were) grasped被抓住。答案a8a.hands bfeet ckeys dhandles解析句意：我不知道该把脚放在哪里。根据下句中footrest(搁脚板)可知答案。答案b9a.place baction cplay deffect解析考查固定短语。句意：我花了好长时间才把金属的搁脚板弄好。get sth. into place把放到合适的位置；action行动；effect影响，效果。答案a10a.operation bcommunication ctransportation dproduction解析考查名词辨析。句意：我开始不安地看着我接下来几个小时内唯一的交通工具。transportation运输工具，此处指轮椅；operation操作，手术；communication 交流；production产品。答案c11a.exploration beducation cexperiment dentertainment解析考查名词辨析。句意：对于残疾人来说，用轮椅却不是一个临时性的试验。语境为：作者在体验残疾人使用轮椅的生活，而残疾人却要一直都使用轮椅。experiment试验；exploration勘探；education教育；entertain