自考英美文学选读00604考前串讲(7).docx

英美文学考前串讲（7）AmericanLiteratureChapter1TheRomanticPeriodI.Choosetherightanswer:1.Ofallthefollowingissues,_isdefinitelyNOTthefocusoftheRomanticwritersintheAmericanliteraryhistory.A.PuritanmoralityB.HumanbestialityC.NoblesavagesD.DivinityofmanAnswer:B(P401)2.HenryDavidThoreauswork,_,hasalwaysbeenregardedasamasterpieceoftheNewEnglandTranscendentalMovement.A.WaldenB.ThePioneersC.NatureD.SongofMyselfAnswer:A(P402)3.Nothingisatlastsacredbuttheintegrityofyourownmindisafamousquotefrom_swritings.A.WaltWhitmanB.HenryDavidThoreauC.HermanMelvilleD.RalphWaldoEmersonAnswer:D(P402)4. LeavesofGrasscommandsgreatattentionbecauseofitsuniquelypoeticembodimentof_,whicharewritteninthefoundingdocumentsofboththeRevolutionaryWarandtheAmericanCivilWar.A.thedemocraticidealsB.theromanticidealsC.theself-reliancespiritsD.thereligiousidealsAnswer:A(P447)5.AccordingtoWhitman,thegenuineparticipationofapoetinacommonculturaleffortwastobehaveasasupreme_.A.democratB.individualistC.romanticist D.leaderAnswer:B(P448)6. TheperiodbeforetheAmericanCivilWarisgenerallyreferredtoas_.A.TheNaturalistPeriodB.TheModernPeriodC.TheRomanticPeriodD.TheRealisticPeriodAnswer:C(P399)7.Inthefollowingworks,whichsignthebeginningoftheAmericanliterature?A.TheSketchBookB.LeavesofGrassC.LeatherStockingTalesD.AdventuresofHuckleberryFinnB(P399)8._istheauthoroftheworkTheLegendofSleepyHollow.A.WashingtonIrvingB.JamesJoyceC.WaltWhitmanD.WilliamButlerYeatsAnswer:A(P404)9.WashingtonIrvingsRipVanWinkleisfamousfor_.A.RipsescapeintoamysteriousB.ThestorysGermanlegendarysourcematerialC.RipsseekingforhappinessD.Rips20-yearssleepAnswer:D(P406)10. WhichofthefollowingstatementisnottrueaboutWashingtonIrving?A. WashingtonIrvingisregardedasFatheroftheAmericanshortstories.B.IrvingsrelationshipwiththeOldWorldintermsofhisliteraryimaginationcanhardlybeignoredconsideringhissuccessbothabroadandathome.C.Irvingstastewasessentiallyprogressiveorradical.B. D.WashingtonIrvinghasalwaysbeenregardedasawriterwhoperfectedthebestclassicstylethatAmericanliteratureeverproduced.Answer:C(P403-406)11.ThePublicationof_establishedEmersonasthemosteloquentspokesmanofNewEnglandTranscendentalism.A.NatureB.Self-RelianceC.TheAmericanScholarD.TheOver-SoulAnswer:A(P420)12.Thephraseatransparenteye-ballcomparesphilosophicalmentationofEmersons.Itappearsin_.A.TheAmericanScholarB.NatureC.TheoverSoulD.Essays:SecondSeriesAnswer:B(P423)13. In1837,RalphWaldoEmersonmadeaspeechentitled_atHarvard,whichwashailedbyOliverWendellHolmeasas:OurIntellectualDeclarationofIndependence.A.Self-RelianceB.DivinitySchoolAddressC.TheAmericanScholarD.NatureAnswer:C(P423)14. _isthemostambivalent(有争议的)writersintheAmericanliteraryhistory.A.NathanielHawthorneB.WaltWhitmanC.RalphWaldoEmersonD.MarkTwainAnswer:A(P429)15. Thereisevilineveryhumanheart,whichmayremainlatent,perhaps,throughthewholelife;butcircumstancesmayrouseittoactivity,whichauthorofthefollowingauthorsdoesthementionbelongto_.A.WashingtonIrvingB.RalphWaldoEmersonC.NathanielHawthorneD.WaltWhitmanAnswer:C(P431)16. In Hawthornesnovelsandshortstories,intellectualsusuallyappearas_.A.saviorsB.villainsC.commentatorsD.observersAnswer:B(P432)17. AllofthefollowingareworksbyNathanielHawthorneexcept_.A.TheHouseoftheSevenGablesB.WhiteJacketC.TheMarbleFaunD.TheBlithedaleRomanceAnswer:B(P431)18.WaltWhitmanisradicallyinnovativeintheformofhispoetry.Whatheprefersforhisnewsubjectis_.A.freeverseB.blankverseC.lyricpoemD.heroiccoupletAnswer:A(P450)19. WhichofthefollowingfeaturescannotcharacterizepoemsbyWaltWhitman?A.Lyricalandwell-structuredB.Free-flowingC.SimpleandrathercrudeD.ConversationalandcasualAnswer:A(P450-451)20.Thehorizonsedge,theflyingsea-crow,thefragranceofsaltmarshandshoremud.Thesebecamepartofthatchildwhowentfortheveryday,andwhonowgoes,andwillalwaysgofortheveryday.Thetwolinesaretakenfrom_.A.ThereWasaChildWentForthbyWaltWhitmanB.InaStationoftheMetrobyEzraPoundC.CavalryCrossingaFordbyWaltWhitmanD.UlyssesbyJoyceAnswer:A(P454)21. MobyDickisregardedasthefirstAmerican_.A.ProseepicB.ComicepicC.DramaticfictionD.PoeticfictionAnswer:A(P460)22. ThegiantMobyDickmaysymbolizeallEXCEPT_.A.mysteryoftheuniverseB.sinofthewhaleC.powerofthegreatNatureD.eviloftheworldAnswer:B(P461)23.WhichofthefollowingcommentsonthewritingsbyHermanMelvilleisnottrue?A.Bartleby,theScrivenerisashortstory.B.BenitoCerenoisanovella.C.TheConfidence-Manhassomethingtodowiththeseaandsailors.D.Moby-DickisregardedasthefirstAmericanproseepic.Answer:C(P459-460)24. TheTranscendentalistsbelievethat,first,natureisennobling,andsecond,theindividualis_,therefore,self-reliant.A.insignificantB.viciousbynatureC.divineD.forward-lookingAnswer:C(P402)II.Readthequotedpartandanswerthequestions:1.TimegrewworseandworsewithRipVanWinkleasyearsofmatrimonyrolledon:atarttempermellowswithage,andasharptongueistheonlyedgetoolthatgrowskeenerbyconstantuse.Foralongwhileheusedtoperpetualclubofthesages,philosophers,andotheridlepersonagesofthevillage.Questions:1)Pleaseidentifytheauthorandthetitleofthework.2)Whatsthemeaningofthispassage?参考答案:1)ThisisanexcerptfromRipVanWinklebyWashingtonIrving.(P408)2)Withhiswifesdominanceathome,thesituationbecameharderandharderforRipVanWinkle.Hiswifestemperbecameworseandshescoldedhimformoreoften.Hehadtostayintheclubwithidlepeople.(P407)附:Question:PleasedescribethechangesRipVanWinkleexperienced.Answer:1)RipVanWinklewastheheroinIrvingsworks.Hewasagood-naturedman,ahenpecked(惧内的，妻管严的)husband.2)Becausehiswifesshrewish(泼妇一样的)treatment,Riphadtoescapefromhishometothelittleinninthevillage.Whenitfailedtogivehimsomerestfulair,hehadtogohuntinginthehighmountain,whereRipmetastranger,andthemanaskedRiptocarrykegforhim.ThenRipreachedtheplaceinthevalley,wheremanystrangerswereplayingnine-pins.LaterRipgotdrunkafterdrinkingtheliquor,whichmadehimsleepfor20years.3)Ripwokeupasanoldman,enteringthevillagelearnedthathiswifehaddied,hegotthefreedomofhisown,;andtheAmericanhadbeendependentfromthecontrolofBritain,hehadchangedfromasubjectoftheKing(GeorgeIII)intoacitizenoftheindependentnewU.S.1)ThetwoRomanticismbothstresstheimaginativeandemotionalqualitiesofliterature;2)Theyallpayattentiontopsychicstatesofthecharactersandexalttheindividualandcommonman;3)AmericanRomanticismrevealeduniquecharacteristics:(difference)Americanauthorsdescribetheirnativeland,especiallythespiritofthepioneeringintothewest,thedesireforanescapefromsocietyandareturntonature;Americanwritersuselocaldialectinlanguage;PuritanismhasgreatinfluenceoverAmericanRomantics;Calvinismoforiginalsinisobviousintheirworks;TranscendentalismisveryimportanttheoryinAmericanRomanticism;TheimportantsettinginAmericanRomanticismare:theearlypuritansettlement;theconfrontationwiththeIndians;thefrontiersmenslife;thewildwest;imagination.(P399402)2.AnalyzethethemesandcharacteristicofHawthorne.Answer:Hawthornewasamanwithinquiringimagination,meditativemindanddarkvisiontolife.Histhemesinwritingare:1)Manwasbornwithevilandsin,onesourceofthemisover-reachingintellect,whoseimagewasalwaysvillain;(Chllingworthe.g.)2)HawthornewasinfluencedgreatlybyPuritanism,whilehecriticizeditbitterly;3)HebelievedCalvinisticideas,thinkingmanwasdepravedandcorrupted;theyshouldobeyGodforsavingthespirits;4)Heconcernedthemorallifeofmanandhumanhistory;5)Hewaskeenonthedescriptionofmansdevelopmentofpsychology.(P432433)3.ExplainthetheoryofTranscendentalism,thenlistitsimportantauthorandworks.Answer:TranscendentalismisaveryimportanttheoryinAmericanRomanticism,itsmainideasare:1)Manhasthecapacityofknowingtruthintuitively,ortheabilityofgettingknowledgetranscendingthesenses;2)Natureisennoblingandindividualisdivine,therefore,manshouldbeself-reliant.3)Manisdivine/holyandperfectibleandmancantrusthimselftodecidewhatisrightandactaccordingly;(buttoHawthorneandMelvillemanisasinner);4)Universeisover-soul-asymbolofthespirit,Godortheuniverse,thereisanemotionalcommunicationbetweenanindividualsoulandtheuniversalover-soul-unityofNature.5)Theimportantauthorsare:Emerson(TheAmericanScholar)andThoreau.6)Nature,Emersonsworks,iscalledtheunofficialmanifestofortheclub.(P421P422)4.Hawthornewasamasterinusingsymbolandallegory;citesomeexampletoanalyzeit.Answer:1)Allegorically,YoungGoodmanBrownbecomesanEverymancalledBrown,whowillbeagedinonenightbyaneviladventure,andtheevilnessmakeseveryoneafallenidolintheworld.2)IntheangleofSymbol:BrownlookuptotheHeavenandresistthewickedonesymbolsBrownhastheforcetoresisttheevilnessoftheNatureandhestillhasthefaithtoGod;butheisaloneintheforestsymbolsthesocietyistheplacefullofsinsandevilness,Brownsstrengthisnotenoughatall;thenafterreturning,helivesadismalandgloomylifesymbolshehasbeencrusheddownbythesocialevilnessandlosthisbeliefingoodnessandpiety.(P434435)5.WashingtonIrvingwascalledFatheroftheAmericanshortstoriesandtheAmericanGoldsmith.Whatcharacteristicsdidhehave?Answer:1)Hewasnostalgicauthor,andhealwaysjuxtaposingtheOldandtheNewworld;2)Heremainedaconservativeandalwaysexaltedadisappearingpast,andhepreferthepasttopresent,preferadream-likeworldtoarealone;3)Hisstorieswerealwaysfromlegend,especiallyGe