新目标英语八年级上册短语及试题.doc

Unit1. Where did you go on vacation?一 . Words(词汇)1. trade（n.交易）_(n.商人) = businessman build (v.建造；n.体型) _(n.建筑物) excite (v.使激动) _(n. 激动、兴奋)（n.区别/差异)_different (adj.不同的) （adv. 不同地)_ 2. wonder (n.奇迹；v. 想知道）_(adj.精彩的) enjoy (v.喜欢、享受) _(adj. 有乐趣的、令人愉快的)（adj.无聊的、乏味的) _ bore (v.使厌倦) （adj.感到厌倦的) _3. 动词过去式 meet_ , tell_ , feel_ , find_, keep_ get_ , forget_, drink_, try_4. 反身代词 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称单数myself (我自己)yourself (你自己)herself(她自己） himself(他自己) itself(它自己)复数 ourselves (我们自己） yourselves（你们自己） themselves (他们自己) 第一，二人称的反身代词：_+ self或 selves 第三人称的反身代词：_+ self或 selves5. 不定代词指人指物 someone/ somebody (某人) something(某事/某物) anyone/ anybody (任何人) anything(任何事、任何东西) everyone / everybody(每人、人人) everything(一切、每件东西) no one(无人) = nobody nothing(无物)(1) someone/ somebody/something 通常用于肯定的陈述句中。 anyone/ anybody /anything 通常用于一般疑问句和否定句中。 (2) 不定代词作主语时，均作单数看待，故其谓语动词用单数。 (3) 不定代词若有定语（adj或动词不定式）修饰，要定语后置，即： 不定代词 + adj 或动词不定式(to do)。 如: someone interesting(有趣的 人), something to eat (吃的东西).6. 副词 somewhere/ anywhere/everywhere/nowhere7. few / little (否定：很少/几乎没有) ; a few / a little(肯定：一些、几个/一小点); quite a few / quite a little (相当多)注意: few/a few/quite a few +可数名词复数；little/a little/quite a little +不可数名词 l 巩固提高1. -Did you buy _ for yourself? -No, I didnt buy_ for myself. But I bought _ special for my parents. (something)2. No talking, everybody. I have _(有趣的事）to tell you.3. -Would you like something _(drink)? -Yes, a cup of tea, please.4. Be quick! Theres _ time to play. A. little B. a few C. few D. a little2 Phrases(短语)1. 去度假 go on vacation 24. 初次 first time2. 因为/由于 because of 25. 多数时间 most of the time3. 记日记 keep a diary/ keep diaries 26. 家常菜 home cooking4. 给.的感觉 feel like 27. 在.的顶部 on the top of.5. 相当多 quite a few+名词复数 28. 沿途 along the way quite a little + 不可数名词 29. 小猪 baby pig6. 当然 of course = certainly 30. 购物中心 shopping center7. 去宿营 go camping 31. 在乡下 in the countryside8. 参加夏令营 go to summer camp 32. 拍照 take photos9. 去沙滩 go to the beach 33. 外出 go out10. 在沙滩上 on the beach 34. 北京烤鸭/胡同 Beijing duck/ hutong 11. 去爬山 go to the mountains 35. 香港 Hong Kong12. 备考 study for test 36. 黄果树瀑布 Huangguoshu Waterfall13. 呆在家 stay at home 37. 故宫博物馆 the Palace Museum14. 四处走 walk around 38. 颐和园 the Summer Palace15. 环顾四周 look around 39. 天安门广场 Tiananmen Square16. 在过去 in the past 40. 中央公园 Central Park17. 好久不见 Long time no see 41. 泰山 Mount Tai18. 等待 wait for. 42. 另外两小时 another two hours19. 为某人买某物 buy sth for sb 43. 下大雨 rain hard/ heavily20. 十年前 ten years ago 44. 特别的东西 something special21. 上个月 last month 45. 如此.以至于 so. that.22. 好恶 likes and dislikes eg: My legs are so tired that I want to stop.23. 到达 get to.= arrive in+大地方/ arrive at +小地方 46. 似乎是seem to be3. Grammars and sentences(语法和句型)1. 决定做某事 decide _ sth Eg: We decided _(take) the bus to school because of the bad weather.2. 似乎做某事 seem _ sth Eg: The soccer game is really boring, but still no one seems _(be) bored. The dog seems _(like) the little boy Tony.3. 忘记/记得去做某事 forget / remember _ sth Eg: We were wet and cold because we forgot _(bring) an umbrella.4. 告诉某人做某事 tell sb_ sth Eg: My parents often tell me _(study) hard.5. 坚持/保持做某事 keep _ sth Eg:History is really hard for me, but my teacher always tells me to keep _(learn) it.6. I bought nothing for myself. = I _ _ _ for myself.7. 你认为你的假期怎么样？ _ do you think of your vacation? = _ do you like your vacation? = How do your feel _ your vacation?8. because+句子， 而because of +词 Eg: We didnt have PE class yesterday _ the rain. I enjoy eating fruits _ they are really good for my health.9. Start/begin _ sth.Unit2 How often do you exercise?重点短语： how often 多久一次help with housework 帮助做家务 on weekends 在周末go to the movies 去看电影 go shopping 去购物do exercises 做锻炼 do the dishes 洗餐具hardly ever 几乎从不 once a week 每周一次twice a month 每月两次 be free 有空 have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈课和钢琴课 swing dance 摇摆舞 play tennis 打网球 stay up late 熬夜；睡得很晚 use the Internet 用互联网 at least 至少 go to bed early 早点睡觉 want sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事 be good for 对有好处 play sports 进行体育活动 go camping 去野营 in ones free time 在某人的业余时间 ask sb. about sth. 向某人询问某事 notat all 一点儿也不 the most popular 最受欢迎的 by doing sth. 通过做某事 the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式 help sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 How about? .怎么样？/ 好不好？ spend time with sb. 和某人一起度过时光 such as 比如；诸如 old habits die hard 积习难改 go to the dentist 去看牙医 less than 少于 more than 多于；超过重点句子：What do you usually do on weekends? 你通常在做什么？ I often go to the movies.我经常去看电影。 Whats your favorite? 你最喜爱的是什么？21教育网 How many+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？ 有多少? How come？怎么会？（表示你觉得某件事很奇怪，有点想不通，以 How come 开头的句子仍使用陈述语序）21 e.g. How come you didnt tell me earlier?你怎么不早点告诉我？ 主+find+that从句. 发现e.g.We found that only fifteen percent of our students exercise every Its+ adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是的。 Its good to relax by using the Internet.重点语法：1. 不确定的频度副词：表示动作发生间隔（既频率）的副词。它们有：always ; usually ; often ; sometimes ; seldom ； hardly ever ; never 等。【来源：21世纪教育网】always（100%） usually（约80%90%） often（约60%） sometimes（约30%） seldom（约20%） hardly ever（约10%） never（0%）在句中位置：频度副词在句中通常放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，在实义动词之 前。She is often late for school./I can never be sure./He always helps me.2.表示确定的频率短语 every day/week/month/year 每天/周/月/年 once a week 每周一次 twice a week 每周两次 twice a month 一月两次three times a day 一天三次 注：三次或三次以上一般用“基数词times”表示。3.区别how often 跟 how longhow long 多久（用来提问有多长时间）回答通常是more than two weeks、for a week、ten years等表示一段时间的状语。例：How long did you study English in China?For three weeks.2-1-c-n-j-y2. how soon 用来提问“需要多长时间才会”，指某一动作要多长时间以后才能完成或发生。 回答通常是“in一段时间” 例：How soon will you come back？ In a week.特殊疑问词How的用法家族成员称呼职责how1)怎样；怎么2)多么1)指询问方式、方法；程度2)构成感叹句how old几岁询问年龄多大。how many多少询问可数名词的数量。how much1)多少(how many的孪生兄)2)多少钱1)询问不可数名词的数量2)询问价钱或钱的数量how far多 远询问两地之间的距离。how often多久一次(表频率)询问做某事多长时间一次。how long1)多久2)多长1)询问做某事花了多长时间2)询问物体的长度how tall多高询问人或物的高度how fast多快询问速度课堂巩固练习: 一、对划线部分提问 1）He always plays basketball after school. _ does he always _ after school? 21cnjycom2) They hardly ever play football. _ _ _ they play football? 21cnjy答案：1.What do 2.How often do 二、单项选择( ) 1. -How often _ she exercise? -Twice a week.21世纪*教育网 A. do B. does C. doing D. did( ) 2. I _ like to drink milk. A. not B. doesnt C. dont D. no( )3.-_do you go swimming ? -Sometimes. A. How often B. How long C. how many D. How old( )4. Katrina watches TV once _ week. A. a B. the C. an D. ( )5.They have housework to do. www-2-1-cnjy-com A. many B. Much答案：BCAAB1.用how far, how often, how long填空。 1) does she usually exercise? 21*cnjy*com 2) is it from your home to the school? 3) have you been away from (离开) your hometown? 答案：How often, How far, How long2.了解下列频率副词，写出其汉语意思.always (100%)_ usually (80%)_ often (60%)_ sometimes (30%)_ hardly ever(1%)_ never (0%)_ 答案：一直，通常，经常，有时候，几乎不，从不一、用所给词的正确形式填空 1. I watch TV _ (one) a week. 2. He watches TV _ (two) a week. 3. Katrina _ (exercise) every day. 21世纪教育网版权所有答案：once , twice, exercisesUnit3 Im more outgoing than my sister.一、词型转换1.outgoing 比较级 more outgoing 最高级 most outgoing2.good/well比较级 better 最高级best3.loudly 比较级 more loudly 最高级 most loudly4.quiet 副词 quietly5.hard-working比较级 more hard-working 最高级 most hard-working6.this比较级thinner 最高级thinnest7.friendly比较级friendlier/more friendly8.clearly 比较级more clearly 最高级most clearly9.win过去式won10.make过去式made11.though同义词although12.true副词truly13.serious比较级more serious 最高级most serious14.both反义词neither15.care形容词careful副词carefully16.reach第三人称单数reaches17.touch第三人称单数touches18.break过去式broke19.loud 比较级louder 最高级loudest二、短语归纳1.more outgoing更外向 2.asas与一样 3.the singing competition唱歌比赛4.be similar to与相像的/类似的 5.the same as和相同；与一致 6.be different from与不同21cnjycom7.care about关心；介意 8.be like a mirror像一面镜子 9.the most important最重要的10.as long as只要；既然 11.bring out使显现；使表现出 12.get better grades取得更好的成绩13.reach for伸手取 14.in fact事实上；实际上 15.make friends交朋友 16.the other其他的17.touch ones heart感动某人 18.be talented in music有音乐天赋19.be good at擅长 20.be good with善于与相处21.have fun doing sth. 享受做某事的乐趣 22.be good at doing sth 擅长做某事 23.make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事24.want to do sth. 要做某事 25.as+adj./adv.的原级+as 与一样 26.Its+ adj.+ for sb. to do sth. 对某人来说，做某事的。三、重点句子1.Sam has longer hair than Tom. 萨姆的头发比汤姆的长.2.She also sings more loudly than Tara. 她唱歌也比泰拉声音大.3.Nelly sang so well. 内莉唱得如此好4.For me, a good friend likes to do the same things as me.21教育网对于我来说,好朋友喜欢跟我做相同的事.5.Who is smarter, your mother or your father?谁更聪明,你妈妈还是你爸爸.6.Its not necessary to be the same.没有必要相同.7.I think a good friend makes me laugh.我认为好朋友会让我笑.8.Molly studies harder than her best friend.莫莉比她最好的朋友学习更努力.9.My mother told me a good friend is like a 我妈妈告诉我好朋友就像一面镜子.10.So we enjoy studying together.因此我们喜欢在一起学习.11.So its not easy for me to make friends.因此对我来说交朋友不容易.12.We both like sports.我们两个都喜欢运动.13.My best friend helps to bring out the best in me.21世纪教育网版权所有我最好的朋友帮我把最好的方面挖掘出来.14.Larrt is much less hard-working, so I always get better grades.拉里不如我用功，因此我总是取得更好的成绩.15.Huang Lei isnt as good at tennis as Larry.黄磊不如拉里擅长网球.Unit 4 必背短语及句子不规则变化：bad / badly/ill worse - worstmany / much more - mostgood / well better - bestoldolder/elder- oldest/eldestfar farther / further farthest/furthestlittle less- least短语：1. The best movie theater 最好的电影院2. Be close to = be near to= be not far from 离近3. Buy tickets quickly非快地买票4. The shortest waiting time 最短的等待时间5. The most boring songs最乏味的歌曲6. Be new in town新来镇上7. Pretty bad相当差劲8. Think of = think about 考虑，想到9. Show ones talents展示某人的才艺10. More and more popular越来越受欢迎11. Around the world = all over the world = all through the world 全世界12. Have one thing in common有一件相同的事情13. Try to do something努力做某事14. Look for寻找15. Sing the most beautifully唱得最漂亮16. Be up to you to do something由你决定做17. Play a role in doing something在之中起重要作用/ 扮演重要角色18. Get a very good prize得到很好的奖励19. For example例如20. In fact 事实上21. The best place to go to on weekends周末的最好去处22. Meet my friends接朋友/和朋友见面23. The street performers街道表演者24. The place where you can enjoy your time你可以玩得高兴的地方25. One of the small coffee shops 最小的咖啡店之一26. Get a big plate of dumplings for only five yuan 花5元买一大盘饺子27. Take walks = take a walk = go for a walk散步28. The long waiting time长长的等待时间29. Dont worry!别着急30. Be in a fun part of town位于城市的中心地带31. An excellent piano player一个优秀的钢琴演奏者32. The most creative act.最具创意的表演33. Play the guitar upside down倒立着弹吉它34. Keep dropping the balls不断地掉球35. Thanks for telling me!谢谢你告诉我。句子：1. Hes much better than other actors at finding the most interesting roles.他在发现最有趣的角色方面比其他演员要擅长得多。2. How do you like it so far? = What do you think of it so far? = How do you feel about it so far?到目前为止，你认为它怎么样？3. I still dont really know my way around. 我依然不认得周边的路4. How far is it from your home? 从你家去有多远？5. However, not everybody enjoys watching these shows.然而，不是每个人都欣赏这些表演。6. Some think that the lives of the performers are made up.有的人认为那些表演都的生活经历是编造的。7. However, if you dont take these shows too seriously, they are fun to watch.然而，假如你不把这些表演看得太当真，它们还是值得看的。8. And one great thing about them is that they give people a way to make their dreams come true.有关它们的一件了不起的事情是，它们给人们指明了一条让他们的梦想成真的道路。9. Welcome to the neighborhood!欢迎你的到来。Wasnt that a great talent show?那不是一个很好的才艺表演吗？10. I couldnt stop laughing.情不自禁地笑。11. Is there a good movie theater near here?附近有好的电影院吗？12. Its called Movie World.被称着Movie World13. What do you think about the other stores?你认为其它的商店怎么样？Unit 6 必背词组与句子1. take singing/ acting lessons上唱歌/表演课2. a cooking school 烹调学校3. study medicine at a university在大学学医学4. the old man and the sea by Hemingway海明威学的老人与海5. write articles写文章6. send them to magazines and newspapers 把它们发送给杂志社和报社7. make the soccer team 组建足球队8. make resolutions下定决心9. make promises to somebody 向某人承诺10. make a New Years resolutions下定新年的决心11. make a weekly plan for schoolwork为学校的学习作周计划12. make my family happy让家人高兴13. make your life easier让你的生活更容易14. make yourself a better person 让自己成为更好的人15. different kinds of resolutions不同种类的决心16. be able to keep resolutions能够坚持决心17. be too difficult to keep太难而不能坚持18. plan for the coming year为来年作计划19. plan to do something计划做20. promises you make to yourself你对自己许下的诺言21. promise themselves向自己许诺22. improve our lives改善我们的生活23. improving my physical health提升我的身体健康24. improving my relationships with my family改善我与家人的关系25. get good grades获得好成绩26. get a lot of exercise得到很多锻炼27. get back from school从学校回来28. learn another foreign language学习另一种外语，学习第二外语29. be not for somebody不适合于某人30. a kind of promise一种许诺31. tidy my room整理我的房间32. the most common kind最普通的一种33. at the beginning/ start of 在的开始34. write down something写下35. start an exercise program 开始一个锻炼计划36. eat less fast food吃更少的快餐37. have to do with self-improvement 与自我提升有关38. have one thing in common 有一个共同点39. have to find more time to study必须找更多的学习时间40. a time for making resolutions 下决心的时刻41. my own personal improvement我自己个人的进步42. take up a new hobby养成新的习惯43. sound difficult听起来困难44. computer science计算机科学45. a job thats fun有趣的工作46. move to somewhere搬到某地去47. learn how to teach children学习怎样教孩子48. finish high school and college first首先读完高中和大学49. grow up 长大50. go to a soccer camp参加足球训练营51. be sure about something 对很肯定52. make sure 保证53. try ones best to do something尽最大努力做必背句子1. What do you want to be/ become when you grow up?当你长大的时候想当什么？（状语从句）2. I want to be computer programmer/ bus driver/ basketball player/ engineer/ cook/ teacher/ pilot/ scientist/ doctor/ violinist/ pianist /actor /actress/ singer/ race car driver/ reporter我想当（职业名称）3. My parents want me to be a doctor, but Im not sure about that.我的双亲想要我当医生，但我还不确定。4. How are you going to do that? 你打算怎样做呢？（表打算）5. Im going to practice basketball every day.我打算每天练习篮球。（表打算）6. Where/ When are you going to study?你打算在哪儿/什么时候去学习？（表打算）7. I know why youre so good at writing stories.我知道你为什么如此擅长于写故事。（宾语从句）8. I m going to keep on writing stories.我打算坚持写故事。9. Not everyone knows what they want to be.不是每个人都知道他们想当什么？（部分否定，宾语从句）10. Just make sure you try your best. 只要确信你尽了最大努力。11. Then you can be anything you want. 那么你就可以当你想当的了。（定语从句）12. For this reason, some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions! 由于这个原因，最好的决心就是没有决心。13. My New Years resolution is to get good grades.我的新年决心是取得好成绩。（动词不定式作表语）Unit 7 必背词组与句子1. live to be 200 years old 活到200 岁2. live on the earth居住在地球上3. live on a space station 生活在空间站4. live with somebody 和某人生活在一起5. use the subway less更少使用地铁6. very big and crowded非常大而拥挤7. prediction about the future关于未来的预测8. a book about future一本关于未来的书9. in the future在未来10. be more crowded and polluted 更拥挤，更污染11. be in (great) danger处于（巨大的）危险中12. have to do something不得不做13. fly to other planets飞到另外的星球14. play a part in saving the earth在拯救地球中起重要作用15. blue skies蓝色的天空16. spend time together on w