泰国非物质文化遗产介绍.docx

泰国非物质文化遗产介绍 泰国国旗泰国全称泰王国，位于东南亚。东临老挝和柬埔寨，南面是暹罗湾和马来西亚，西接缅甸和安达曼海。原名暹罗，1949年5月11日，泰国人用自己民族的名称，把“暹罗”改为“泰”，主要是取其“自由”之意，因当时泰国是东南亚唯一的国家。官方语言是泰语，用泰语字母，当中约5000万人视为母语。大多数泰国人信奉上座部佛教，佛教徒占全国人口九成以上。全国共有76个一级行政区，其中包括75个“府”与首都曼谷。泰国属中低收入国家，且贫富差距问题严重。Kingdom of Thailand泰国各地区的传统舞蹈、音乐、宗教等非物质文化遗产。Intangible Cultural Heritage of ThailandContentTraditional Thai Dances- Central- Northeast- North- SouthMusicOthersTraditional Thai DancesKhon dance or the masked dance drama is the highest form of dance drama of traditional Thai dance. It is performed by troupes of non-speaking dancers, the story being told by a chorus at the side of the stage.Choreography and costume follows traditional models rather than attempting to innovate.The dance consists of character based on the Hindu epic Ramayana such as angels, monkeys and demons.Central ThailandSri Nuan Its great popularity is due to the beautiful choreography and the sweetness of the music that accompanies it.The lyrics and music evoke the sweet nature of Thai girls.The dance is also an expression of the yearning of a young man won by such great charm.Teut-Teung (Drum Dance)The teut-teung drum dance, a Thai folk dance and performed throughout the country to accompany the parades(游行) held at traditional festival.Northeast Thailand (Isan)Serng IsanThis dance is performed during traditional celebrations. Usually the word serng is added to the name of the domestic object used on stage by the dancers.Serng Krapo (Coconut Dance)Krapo is the word for coconut in the Northeast dialect.The dance illustrates the activities of a group of girls from the southern part of the region, known as I-San.The dancers hold two coconut shells, with which they execute complex choreographic movements, shaking them, tossing them or tapping them lightlyNorthern ThailandFon Sao Mai (Silk Weaving Dance)Fon is a type of dance in northern and northeastern Thailand.It is performed in groups and has very slow, graceful, and almost meditative movements. Fon Sao Mai depicts a traditional profession of northern Thai women in silk weaving. TThe dance imitates different processes of silk-weaving.For generations, silk production is one of the top home industries in northern and northeastern Thailand and Laos.Sword DanceThis dance is inspired by an ancient martial art that requires strength & reflexes.The dancers balance a number of swords on different parts of their bodies while fighting off their rival with a sword sheath。（刀鞘）Southern ThailandNora DanceA traditional Thai folks originally from the SouthOrigins lie in various Thai legends of which there are different versions.The choreography of the Nora dance varies from region to region, but is generally composed of 17 movements and accompanied by singing and musicTraditional Thai MusicPiphatEnsemble in the classical music of Thailand, which features wind and percussion instruments.It is considered the primary form of ensemble for the interpretation of the most sacred and high-class compositions of the Thai classical repertoire & it is also used to accompany traditional Thai theatrical（泰国戏剧） and dance forms includingWong khrueang sai (String Ensemble)A musical ensemble in Thai classical music string instruments.A typical khrueang sai ensemble features two two-string fiddles, one high and one low (saw duang and saw u), a three-string zither called jakhe, a vertical duct flute called khlui, hand drums, and various cymbals.Mor lamMor lam is the dominant folk music of Thailands north-eastern Isan region, which has a mainly Lao population.Songs focus on the life of the rural poor & It is characterized by rapid-fire, rhythmic vocals and a funk feel to the percussion.Luk ThungThai country music, developed in the mid-20th century to reflect daily trials and tribulations of rural Thais.Tempos tend to be slow, and singers use an expressive singing style with a lot of vibrato.BuddhismApproximately 90% of Thailands population is Buddhist (Theravada)Buddhism has influenced all aspects of Thai culture, from art and architecture to the very moral outlook of the people.Nang YaiNang Yai or Nang Talung (in the South) meaning large shadow pupet. It is a high art form that originated the beginning of the 15th century A.D.It is originally a prototype of modern mask dance,which incorporates various episodes of the Indian epic Ramayana. The performance of large shadow puppet is accompanied by music and chantsMuay ThaiRoyal Barge ProcessionA ceremony of both religious and royal significance which has been taking place for nearly 700 years.The Royal Barge Procession takes place rarely, typically coinciding with only the most significant cultural and religious events.During the reign of King Bhumibol Adulyadej, spanning over 60 years, the Procession has only occurred 16 times.The Royal Barge Procession, in the present, consists of 52 barges.Loi KrathongBelieved to originate during the reign of H.M. King Ra