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河南理工大学万方科技学院本科毕业设计（论文）中期检查表指导教师： 牛振华 职称： 讲师 所在院（系）： 机械与动力工程系 教研室（研究室）： 题 目现场车削提升机衬板绳槽装置学生姓名 庞钱钱专业班级08机设2班 学号08280700191、 选题质量：（主要从以下四个方面填写：1、选题是否符合专业培养目标，能否体现综合训练要求；2、题目难易程度；3、题目工作量；4、题目与生产、科研、经济、社会、文化及实验室建设等实际的结合程度） 1、所选的题目是为了能够锻炼解决工程上实际问题的能力，比较贴近生产实际情况，比较具有代表性; 2、该选题具有非常大的发挥空间和巧活多样的设计思路，对于本科机制专业的学生来说，题目难度相对适中; 3、 课题对学生的专业素质要求较高，并且该题目由该同学单独完成，经由严谨机械制图设计刀架装置，具有较高的工作量; 4、本选题密切结合我国矿山机械设备工程问题的现状，所选研究方法科学合理，论文写作规划合理，操作性强，对即将毕业的学生的再学习有着较好的指引作用;二、开题报告完成情况：查阅大量相关提升机设备的资料和文献，经过指导老师的审查知道，开题报告已顺利完成。三、阶段性成果： 1.基本完成了所需资料的收集工作；2.基本完成了方案选择及部件的选型；3.确定了设计方案，及主要设计参数的计算方法； 4.学习CAD软件为作图做好准备；四、存在主要问题：1、设计经验欠缺，参考资料收集有限，设计主题思路把握不够，简单问题解决不够灵活；2、对设计方案的传动简图未能十分熟悉； 3、相关专业软件如CAD等掌握的不够娴熟，任然需要多加练习；五、指导教师对学生在毕业实习中，劳动、学习纪律及毕业设计（论文）进展等方面的评语指导教师： （签名） 年 月 日2河南理工大学万方科技学院本科毕业设计（论文）开题报告题目名称现场铣削提升机滚筒衬板绳槽装置学生姓名庞钱钱专业班级机械设计及其自动化学号0828070019一、 选题的目的和意义：提升机是矿山大型固定设备之一，是联系井下与地面的主要运输工具，在矿山生产建设中起着重要的作用。矿井提升机主要用于煤矿、金属矿和非金属矿中提升煤炭、矿石和矸石、升降人员、下放材料、工具和设备。滚筒是提升机的主要组成部分，滚筒的作用主要是通过一外啮合圆柱齿轮传动，通过主轴把减速器箱传递给它的转速和转矩转化成绕在它上面的钢丝绳的线速度，以提升和下放物体。矿井提升机的运转实践证明，衬板对筒壳能起到一定的保护作用。安装衬板后要进行车削绳槽，衬板车削有绳槽，并且绳槽排列整齐，可以降低钢丝绳在缠绕运行中的咬绳程度，避免钢丝缠绕时发生咬死以及避免钢丝绳间的过度摩擦，从而提高钢丝绳的使用寿命。机械化铣削提升机卷筒衬木绳槽比手工刻制可大幅度提高工效， 减轻工人劳动强度。由于机械铣削的绳槽技术状况大为改善，从而延长了钢丝绳的使用寿命， 提高了提升机的技术经济指标和安全可靠性。因此它受到企业的普遍重视。二、 国内外研究综述：不少矿山在8O年代初期已经研制出各种型式的绳槽铣削机，譬如武山铜矿、红透山铜矿、夹皮沟盒矿和定远石膏矿等一这些铣槽机都不同程度地解决了卷筒衬木槽的制作问题。另外，一些矿山也采用改进后的车削装置或磨削装置来车削滚筒衬板绳槽，并且采用不同的传动原理实现刀架的轴向进给，这些车削装置或磨削装置往往是利用废弃的车床或砂轮切割机等改进的，经济实用。三、 毕业设计（论文）所用的主要技术与方法： 1在图书馆借阅相关书籍 2在学校数据库查找相关资料 3通过老师的指导 4通过浏览因特网上的相关资料 本次毕业设计主要采用铣刀来铣削绳槽，利用丝杠传动来实现铣刀的轴向以及径向进给，利用滚筒主轴上用于连接深度指示器的链轮与所设计铣削装置的轴向进给丝杠上的链轮来实现一定的传动比，从而来完成加工一定绳槽螺距。四、 主要参考文献与资料获得情况：1 李炳文，王启广矿山机械M徐州：中国矿业大学出版社，20072 毋虎城，裴文喜矿山运输与提升设备M北京煤炭工业出版社，20043 潘英矿山提升机机械设计M徐州：中国矿业大学出版社，20014 成大先，姬奎生机械设计手册M北京:化学工业出版社，20025 王勋东提升机卷筒衬木车削装置的设计和使用J江西有色金属，2006年第20卷第1期6 李维敏提升机卷筒衬木车削装置J矿山机械，200105五、 毕业设计（论文）进度安排（按周说明）第15周 毕业实习，完成实习报告，收集资料，完成开题报告。第610周 总体方案设计，初步完成设计计算，外文翻译。第1113周 完成总装图和零件图的绘制和设计说明书。第1415周 修改和完善，准备毕业答辩。六、 指导教师审批意见： 指导教师： （签名）年 月 日 3河南理工大学万方科技学院本科毕业设计 （论文）摘要矿山提升设备是矿山运输中的咽喉设备，占有特殊地位，是井下与地面联系的主要工具。提升机是用来将矿物运出矿井的设备。本文详细介绍了JTP1.61.2型提升绞车的卷筒车绳槽装置，核心部件“车槽装置”的重要工作原理及其设计思想、方法、步骤、工作的全过程。对车槽装置与滚筒的连接方式、丝杠的支承方式、轴承的选用、螺母及丝杠等部件进行设计。针对提升绞车的工作范围及已知条件进行分析，设计出一套卷筒车绳槽装置，这种装置结构简单，操作方便，绳槽深度的间距控制比较准确。也可以减少因绳槽加工不合理而出弦的咬绳和断绳的发生几率，是钢丝绳井然有序的排列在滚筒上。关键词：提升绞车 滚筒 丝杠 轴承 导轨AbstractMine hoisting equipment is mine in transportation of throat equipment, special status, is the underground and surface contact of the main tools. Lift machine is used to convert the minerals out of the device. This article details the JTP - 1. 6 1.2-winch drum car Groove device, core components of the grooves device important works and design ideas, methods, procedures, work in process. On grooves and drum connection, screw the support, selection of bearings, nuts and screws, etc. For the operating range of the hoist and known conditions for analysis, design a reel cart Groove device, the device structure is simple, easy to operate, Groove depth of spacing control more accurate. You can also reduce the Groove processing is not reasonable and squid industry SAC and rope incidence is rope uncluttered arranged in drum. Key words: drum hoist bearing ball screw Guide 河南理工大学万方科技学院本科毕业论文The machine piston connecting rod set- detailed exposition of pistonThe piston connecting rod set is composed of the piston, piston wreath, piston pin, connecting rod, connecting rod axle bush, etc. effect: The effect of the piston is to bear the air pressure, and pass to connecting rod to drive the bent axle to revolve through connecting rod axle bush, the piston coping is still a part of the burning room. The work condition: Piston works under the condition of heat, high pressure, high speed, and bad lubrication .Piston directly contacts with the heat air. The temperature can amount to above 2500 Ks in a moment .The piston is heated severely, but the condition of spreading the hot is bad .So while the piston works, the temperature is very high and the coping is up to the 600-700 Ks: And the temperature distributes asymmetrically; The piston coping bears great air pressure, especially the pressure is greatest in the route of doing efficacy. The gasoline machine is up to the 3-5MPas, the diesel engine is up to the 6-9MPas.This makes the piston produce pound, and bear the function of the side pressure. Therefore, the piston should have enough heat-proof, try to decrease the heating area, strengthen the cooling of the piston, to make the highest temperature of the coping descend .The piston moves at very high speed(8-12 ms/ s) back and forth in the air cylinder, and speed changes constantly, This produces very great inertial dint, making the piston bear great additional load working under such bad condition, the piston will become deformed heating power. At the same time ,it slitters the chemical corrosive power of the burning gas .In order to descend the inertial dint of back and forth, we must ease the weight of the piston as possible .Piston works under the condition of the heat, high pressure, high speed(the average speed can amount to the 101115 m/ s), and its lubricant condition is bad and the frication between the piston and the air cylinder wall is very great. In order to descend the friction, the surface of the piston surface must be wear-resistant.Request: (1) To have enough rigidity and strength, and the reliable dint; (2) Transmit heat well, bear the high pressure, bear the heat and bear to wear away; (3) the quantity is small, the weight is light, descend the inertial dint of back and forth as possibleThe aluminum metal alloy material satisfies the top requests basically, therefore, the piston generally adopts the high strength aluminum metal alloy, but some low speed diesel engines adopt high class iron casting or heat-proof steel, structure: The piston can be divided into three parts, piston coping, the piston head and piston skirt departments. 1. The piston copingThe piston coping bears the air pressure, it is a part of the burnable room .Its shape, position, size are relevant to the concrete from of the burnable room. They are made to satisfy the combustible hybrid spirit formation and burnable requests. Its coping shape can be divided into four major types, a flat coping piston, a convex coping piston, a concave coping piston and model piston. A convex coping piston is usually used on the two blunt distance I.C. engines, It is good to improve the process exchanging the gas .Modern four blunt the distance gasoline machine also adopts the convex coping piston in order to strengthen the effect of pushing the gas or extend the ratio of compressing .Convex of a piston coping presents a form of ball, its coping strength is high, having an effect of leading, being advantageous to improve the process of exchanging the gas, two route of travel gasoline machines often adopt the convex coping pistonA piston coping presents the hollow form, the shape and positions of the cave pit must be advantageous to the combustion of the combustible and hybrid gas, having a pair of eddies concave pit ball, concave pit, U concave pit, and so on. 2.Piston headThe piston refers to the first piston wreath to the part above the piston pin.It has several wreath slots, which are used to install the piston wreath and have an effect of sealing completely. It is also called the leak proof department .The diesel engines compress ratio is high, and generally have four wreath slots, The three upper wreaths are used to install, the lower part installs the oil wreath. The gasoline machine has three wreath slots generally, which are two jet of gas wreath slots and an oil wreath slots. At the bottom of oil wreath slot many paths toward eyelet are drilled to make the quilt oil wreath flow from the air cylinder wall to the oil bottom hull through these eyelets. The working condition of the wreath slot is the worst and should leave the coping generally a little farther. Above the gas wreath, a narrow insulating slot is usually set to cut off the heat flow which is spread from the piston coping to the first gas wreath and make parts of calories from a piston wreath spread, thus easing the hot burden of the first gas wreath. On some engines small wreathe slots are often made between the coping head and the first gas wreathe, sometimes till a few more wreath. This kind of small wreath can adsorb the lubricant because it accumulates the carbon. It can keep piston and the air cylinder walls from biting to match when it work in the condition of losing oil, so it is called accumulating the carbon slot. The calories that the piston coping absorbs also mainly passes the air cylinder wall through the piston wreath to leak proof department, again spread by the cool water.In a word, the function of the piston head is in addition to install the piston wreath, still seal completely function and transmit heat function, sealing completely the air cylinder together with the piston wreath, keeping combustible admixture spirit from leak crankcase, at the same time pass the(70-80)%calories to the air cylinder wall through the piston wreath.3. Piston skirt departmentThe piston skirt department refers to the parts from the bottom of the oil wreathe slot. It includes the pin which is used to pack the piston. The piston skirt department exercises to rise to lead to the function to the piston in the back and forth in the air cylinder, and bear the side pressure. The length of the skirt department is decided by the size and the piston diameter of the side pressure. The so-called side pressure mean in the compression route of travel and make route of travel of efficacy .The level component of the gas pressure which take effect on the piston coping presses the piston to the air cylinder wall. Compress the route of travel and make the side pressure direction of the efficacy route of travel air exactly the opposite, because of the combustion pressure consumedly high in compress the pressure, so, make the side in the route of travel of efficacy pressure also consumedly high in compress the side in the route of travel pressure. Two on the sides that bear the side pressure of the piston skirt department be called to push the dint to face, they be placed in to sell the mutually perpendicular direction of the stalk line with piston up. Structure characteristics: (1) make into oval in advance:The wall thick of the piston skirt department is bigger along the direction of the pin and the hot inflation have great capacity. While working under the common function of hot burden and the side pressure the skirt ministry becomes the oval pillar form. Following the piston to pin direction it has the elongation slightly, but the perpendicularity pin direction it has slightly short. In order to make piston in working condition still keep the cylinder form and prevent from resulting in piston choked to death or the part wore away big because of oval transform, the piston skirt department processes generally and in advance oval, its major axis and pistons sell the stalk direction perpendicular. In order to reduce the heat transform around the piston, we can also make the surface of skirt cast into bottom to sink the 0.5-1 mms In order to make both sides of skirt bear the air pressure and keeping with air cylinder small but safety of cleft, while working the piston must have right of cylinder form. But, because the thickness of the piston skirt department is very asymmetry, the piston pin the metals of a bore part thick, be subjected to the hot inflation to have great capacity, follow the piston to sell a stalk line direction of transform to have great capacity in other directions. Moreover, the function that bears the air side pressure, causes the piston to transform the more perpendicular piston of quantity pin the direction big.Thus, if the piston in cold state hour skirt department is a circular, while working the piston will become on oval, making a circumference cleft of the piston and air cylinder not equal, resulting in piston block in the air cylinder and the machine cant work normally. Therefore, while processing we make the piston skirt department into the oval shape in advance. The direction of oval major axis is perpendicular with the pin. The direction of the minoraxis follows the direction of the pin. Thus while working the piston work tend the near positive circle. (2)The temperate of the piston along the direction of the length is very asymmetry. The temperature of the upper part of the piston is high, the lower part is low, it is upper part that the inflation quantity also correspond big, the lower part is small. In order to make the piston top and bottom diameter tend equal, that is to say the cylinder form, must make the piston into the top smaller the bottom the big stairs form in advance, taper. (3) In order to reduce the calories of the piston skirt department ,we usually open the hot slot horizontally in the skirt department. In order to compensa the skirt department after be subjected to the heat of transform the quantity, the skirt department opens lengthways of inflation slot. The shape of the slot contain T form or form slots. The horizontal slot opens generally under most the underneath of a wreath slot, both the edge pin sides ( also opened in the oil wreath slot) of on the skirt department so as to reduce the head calories delivered toward the skirt department, so it is called separating the hot slot. The vertical slot will make the skirt department have the certain flexibility so as to the possibly small cleft with the air cylinder while thus making piston assemble, but at hot state have the in expiation of function again, result in piston choked to death in the air cylinder unlikely, past be called vertical slot inflation slot. The skirt department will make it open a side of the slot after open the vertical slot just the degree diminish, bearing the side a side that pressure is smaller in assemble should make it locate make route of travel of efficacy .The diesel engine piston is subjected to the dint big, the skirt department does not open the slot generally. (4) In order to ease the weight some pistons slice one part in both sides that opens the bore or is free from the side pressure to the skirt department, to eliminate the inertial dint, to reduce neighborhood of heat transform the quantity, and form drag along the plank type piston or short piston.The flexibility between of the plank structure skirt is good, the quantity is small, the matching cleft between the piston and air cylinder is smaller, so it is applicable to the high speed engine.(5)In order to reduce the hot inflation degree of the aluminum metal alloy piston skirt department, some gasoline machine piston imbeds the steel slice in the piston skirt department or pin. The structure characteristics of the permanent model steel is as the permanent model steel is the low carbon iron nickel metal alloy with33% 36% nickel, its coefficient of expansion is only 1/10 of that of aluminum metal alloy. But pin through the permanent model steel slice and the skirt departments connect with each other and curb the degree of the coefficient of expansion.(6) the gasoline that have is on board, the center line of the piston pin is to deviate the piston center line flat surface, subjected to the main side in the route of travel of efficacy a square of the pressure partial to move the 1-2 mms. This kind of structure can make piston compare in from compress route of travel go to make route of travel of efficacy mildly from press toward air cylinder of a the noodles transfer to press toward air cylinder of another one side, reducing the sound of knocking the urn. While installing, the direction that this kind of piston pin is partial to place cant pack anti-, otherwise change to pound the dint and will enlarge, making the skirt department damaged中文翻译：发动机活塞连杆组活塞详解 活塞连杆组由活塞、活塞环、活塞销、连杆、连杆轴瓦等组成。 一、功用：活塞的功用是承受气体压力，并通过活塞销传给连杆驱使曲轴旋转，从而气缸里面的吸气、排气等过程。活塞顶部还是燃烧室的组成部分。 活塞的工作条件：活塞在高温、高压、高速、润滑不良的条件下工作。活塞直接与高温气体接触，瞬时温度可达2500K以上，因此，受热严重，而散热条件又很差，所以活塞工作时温度很高，顶部高达600700K，且温度分布很不均匀；活塞顶部承受气体压力很大，特别是作功行程压力最大，汽油机高达35MPa，柴油机高达69MPa，这就使得活塞产生冲击，并承受侧压力的作用，因此，活塞应有足够的耐热性，要尽量减小活塞的受热面，加强活塞的冷却，适当增大传热面，使活塞顶部的最高温度下降，以便保护活塞头。活塞在气缸内以很高的速度(812m/s)往复运动，且速度在不断地变化，这就产生了很大的惯性力，使活塞受到很大的附加载荷。活塞在这种恶劣的条件下工作，会产生变形并加速磨损，还会产生附加载荷和热应力，同时受到燃气的化学腐蚀作用。因此， 为了减小往复惯性力，必须尽可能地减轻活塞的重量。活塞是在高温、高压、高速（活塞平均速度可达101115m/s）的条件下工作的，其润滑条件较差，活塞与气缸壁间摩擦严重。为减小摩擦，活塞表面必须光滑、耐磨。要求：(1) 要有足够的刚度和强度，传力可靠； (2) 导热性好，耐高压、耐高温、耐磨损； (3) 质量小，重量轻，尽可能减小往复惯性力。 铝合金材料基本上满足上面的要求，因此，活塞一般都采用高强度铝合金，但在一些低速柴油机上采用高级铸铁或耐热钢也符合要求。2、 构造： 活塞可分为三部分，活塞顶部、活塞头部和活塞裙部。 1.活塞顶部活塞顶部承受气体压力，它是燃烧室的组成部分，其形状、位置、大小都和燃烧室的具体形式有关，都是为满足可燃混合气形成和燃烧的要求，其顶部形状可分为四大类，平顶活塞、凸顶活塞、凹顶活塞和成型顶活塞。 加工最简单的是平顶活塞，它的顶部是一个平面，结构简单，制造起来较容易，受热面积小，加工简单，顶部应力分布较为均匀，一般用在汽油机上，柴油机很少采用。凸顶活塞多用于二冲程内燃机上，它有利于改善换气过程。现代四冲程汽油机为了增强挤气效果或增大压缩比也有采用凸顶活塞。凸顶活塞顶部凸起呈球顶形，其顶部强度高，起导向作用，有利于改善换气过程，二行程汽油机常采用凸顶活塞。凹顶活塞顶部呈凹陷形，凹坑的形状和位置必须有利于可燃混合气的燃烧，从而提高燃料的利用率。他的内型有双涡流凹坑、球形凹坑、U形凹坑等等。1. 活塞头部活塞头部是活塞环槽以上的部分。其主要作用是承受气体压力，并传给连杆；与活塞环一起实现对气缸的密封；将活塞顶所吸收的热量通过活塞环传给气缸壁。它有数道环槽，用以安装活塞环，起密封作用，又称为防漏部。柴油机压缩比高，一般有四道环槽，上部三道安装气环，下部安装