oracle_linux_6_64(bit)上安装oracle11gR2数据库环境快速准备神器oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.docx

oracle linux 6_64（bit）上安装oracle 11gR2数据库环境快速准备神器oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall#作者：黎俊杰（网名：踩点）#系统性能优化专业QQ群：2581872441、oracle linux上安装oracle数据库环境快速准备介绍 在Linux上安装oracle数据库，在环境准备方面，例如该安装的RPM包，该调整的内核参数等，不仅较为复杂，有些参数值还会因为人工设置的不合理而对日后的运行带来一定的影响，也是整个安装过程中最耗时的部分。 在oracle linux 6_64bit上，提供了oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall包，可以自动化的将需要安装的rpm包，需要调整的内核参数自动化的处理，对DBA安装数据库确实节省了不少的时间。 在oracle linux 5和oracle linux 4上有一个相似功能的包叫oracle-validated2、oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall包所干的事情（1）自动安装oracle所需的RPM包（2）自动创建oracle用户和group组（3）自动配置/etc/sysctl.conf内核参数（4）自动配置/etc/security/limits.conf参数（5）关闭NUMA=OFF （关闭非一致内存访问）3、为使用oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall而搭建一个本地yum服务器（如果环境中有yum服务器，此部可以跳过）3.1 挂载Oracle Linux 6光盘（以root用户执行）#mkdir -p /mnt/cdrom#mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom3.2 创建local.repo文件（以root用户执行）#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/local.repoHighAvailabilityname=HighAvailabilitybaseurl=file:/mnt/cdrom/HighAvailabilityenabled=1gpgcheck=0LoadBalancername=LoadBalancerbaseurl=file:/mnt/cdrom/LoadBalancerenabled=1gpgcheck=0Servername=Serverbaseurl=file:/mnt/cdrom/Serverenabled=1gpgcheck=03.3 修改public-yum-ol6.repo文件配置（以root用户执行）#mv /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol6.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol6.repo_bak#vi /etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-ol6.repooel6_localname = oracle Enterprise Linux 6baseurl=file:/mnt/cdrom/Server/gpgcheck=0enabled=14、正式使用oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall部署环境#yum install oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall运行输出内容如下：Loaded plugins: refresh-packagekit, securitySetting up Install ProcessResolving Dependencies- Running transaction check- Package oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-6.el6 will be installed- Processing Dependency: glibc-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: compat-libstdc+-33 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: libstdc+-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: libaio-devel for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: gcc for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: gcc-c+ for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: compat-libcap1 for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: ksh for package: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64- Running transaction check- Package compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 will be installed- Package compat-libstdc+-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 will be installed- Package gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed- Processing Dependency: cpp = 4.4.6-4.el6 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: cloog-ppl = 0.15 for package: gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64- Package gcc-c+.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed- Processing Dependency: libmpfr.so.1()(64bit) for package: gcc-c+-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64- Package glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6 will be installed- Processing Dependency: glibc-headers = 2.12-1.80.el6 for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: glibc-headers for package: glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64- Package ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-16.el6 will be installed- Package libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 will be installed- Package libstdc+-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed- Running transaction check- Package cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 will be installed- Processing Dependency: libppl.so.7()(64bit) for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: libppl_c.so.2()(64bit) for package: cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64- Package cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 will be installed- Package glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6 will be installed- Processing Dependency: kernel-headers = 2.2.1 for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64- Processing Dependency: kernel-headers for package: glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64- Package mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 will be installed- Running transaction check- Package kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-279.el6 will be installed- Package ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6 will be installed- Finished Dependency ResolutionDependencies Resolved= Package Arch Version Repository Size=Installing: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall x86_64 1.0-6.el6 Server 15 kInstalling for dependencies: cloog-ppl x86_64 0.15.7-1.2.el6 Server 93 k compat-libcap1 x86_64 1.10-1 Server 17 k compat-libstdc+-33 x86_64 3.2.3-69.el6 Server 183 k cpp x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6 Server 3.7 M gcc x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6 Server 10 M gcc-c+ x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6 Server 4.7 M glibc-devel x86_64 2.12-1.80.el6 Server 969 k glibc-headers x86_64 2.12-1.80.el6 Server 600 k kernel-headers x86_64 2.6.32-279.el6 Server 1.9 M ksh x86_64 20100621-16.el6 Server 684 k libaio-devel x86_64 0.3.107-10.el6 Server 13 k libstdc+-devel x86_64 4.4.6-4.el6 Server 1.5 M mpfr x86_64 2.4.1-6.el6 Server 156 k ppl x86_64 0.10.2-11.el6 Server 1.3 MTransaction Summary=Install 15 Package(s)Total download size: 26 MInstalled size: 61 MIs this ok y/N: yDownloading Packages:-Total 46 MB/s | 26 MB 00:00 Running rpm_check_debugRunning Transaction TestTransaction Test SucceededRunning Transaction Installing : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64 1/15 Installing : libstdc+-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 2/15 Installing : cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 3/15 Installing : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64 4/15 Installing : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 5/15 Installing : compat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 6/15 Installing : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 7/15 Installing : kernel-headers-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 8/15 Installing : glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64 9/15 Installing : glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64 10/15 Installing : gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 11/15 Installing : gcc-c+-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 12/15 Installing : ksh-20100621-16.el6.x86_64 13/15 Installing : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 14/15 Installing : oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 15/15 Verifying : compat-libcap1-1.10-1.x86_64 1/15 Verifying : ksh-20100621-16.el6.x86_64 2/15 Verifying : kernel-headers-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 3/15 Verifying : glibc-devel-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64 4/15 Verifying : libaio-devel-0.3.107-10.el6.x86_64 5/15 Verifying : gcc-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 6/15 Verifying : oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall-1.0-6.el6.x86_64 7/15 Verifying : gcc-c+-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 8/15 Verifying : libstdc+-devel-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 9/15 Verifying : compat-libstdc+-33-3.2.3-69.el6.x86_64 10/15 Verifying : glibc-headers-2.12-1.80.el6.x86_64 11/15 Verifying : mpfr-2.4.1-6.el6.x86_64 12/15 Verifying : cpp-4.4.6-4.el6.x86_64 13/15 Verifying : ppl-0.10.2-11.el6.x86_64 14/15 Verifying : cloog-ppl-0.15.7-1.2.el6.x86_64 15/15 Installed: oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall.x86_64 0:1.0-6.el6 Dependency Installed: cloog-ppl.x86_64 0:0.15.7-1.2.el6 compat-libcap1.x86_64 0:1.10-1 compat-libstdc+-33.x86_64 0:3.2.3-69.el6 cpp.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 gcc.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 gcc-c+.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 glibc-devel.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6 glibc-headers.x86_64 0:2.12-1.80.el6 kernel-headers.x86_64 0:2.6.32-279.el6 ksh.x86_64 0:20100621-16.el6 libaio-devel.x86_64 0:0.3.107-10.el6 libstdc+-devel.x86_64 0:4.4.6-4.el6 mpfr.x86_64 0:2.4.1-6.el6 ppl.x86_64 0:0.10.2-11.el6 Complete!5、查看后台日志中记录的操作内容#more /var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall/results/orakernel.logAdding group oinstall with gid 54321Adding group dbaAdding user oracle with user id 54321, initial login group oinstall, supplementary group dba and home directory /home/oracleChanging ownership of /home/oracle to oracle:oinstallPlease set password for oracle useruid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)Creating oracle user passedVerifying kernel parameters as per Oracle recommendations.fs.file-max 6815744kernel.sem 250 32000 100 128kernel.shmmni 4096kernel.shmall 1073741824kernel.shmmax 4398046511104net.core.rmem_default 262144net.core.rmem_max 4194304net.core.wmem_default 262144net.core.wmem_max 1048576fs.aio-max-nr 1048576net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range 9000 65500Setting kernel parameters as per oracle recommendations.Altered file /etc/sysctl.confOriginal file backed up at /etc/sysctl.conf.orabackupVerifying & setting of kernel parameters passedVerifying oracle user OS limits as per Oracle recommendations.oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft stack 10240oracle hard stack 32768Setting oracle user OS limits as per Oracle recommendations.Altered file /etc/security/limits.confOriginal file backed up at /etc/security/limits.conf.orabackupVerifying & setting of user limits passedVerifying kernel boot parameters as per Oracle recommendations.old boot params: kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.39-200.24.1.el6uek.x86_64 ro root=UUID=6d525a20-64f5-48a3-8482-bb7a0ae4f665 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet, new boot params: kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.39-200.24.1.el6uek.x86_64 ro root=UUID=6d525a20-64f5-48a3-8482-bb7a0ae4f665 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet numa=off/var/log/oracle-rdbms-server-11gR2-preinstall/results/orakernel.log 49L, 2772CAdding group oinstall with gid 54321Adding group dbaAdding user oracle with user id 54321, initial login group oinstall, supplementary group dba and home directory /home/oracleChanging ownership of /home/oracle to oracle:oinstallPlease set password for oracle useruid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)Creating oracle user passedAdding group oinstall with gid 54321Adding group dbaAdding user oracle with user id 54321, initial login group oinstall, supplementary group dba and home directory /home/oracleChanging ownership of /home/oracle to oracle:oinstallPlease set password for oracle useruid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)Creating oracle user passedAdding group oinstall with gid 54321Adding group dbaAdding user oracle with user id 54321, initial login group oinstall, supplementary group dba and home directory /home/oracleChanging ownership of /home/oracle to oracle:oinstallPlease set password for oracle useruid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)Creating oracle user passedVerifying kernel parameters as per Oracle recommendations.fs.file-max 6815744kernel.sem 250 32000 100 128kernel.shmmni 4096kernel.shmall 1073741824kernel.shmmax 4398046511104net.core.rmem_default 262144net.core.rmem_max 4194304net.core.wmem_default 262144net.core.wmem_max 1048576fs.aio-max-nr 1048576net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range 9000 65500Setting kernel parameters as per oracle recommendations.Altered file /etc/sysctl.confOriginal file backed up at /etc/sysctl.conf.orabackupVerifying & setting of kernel parameters passedVerifying oracle user OS limits as per Oracle recommendations.oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft stack 10240oracle hard stack 32768Setting oracle user OS limits as per Oracle recommendations.Altered file /etc/security/limits.confOriginal file backed up at /etc/security/limits.conf.orabackupVerifying & setting of user limits passedVerifying kernel boot parameters as per Oracle recommendations.old boot params: kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.39-200.24.1.el6uek.x86_64 ro root=UUID=6d525a20-64f5-48a3-8482-bb7a0ae4f665 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet, new boot params: kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.39-200.24.1.el6uek.x86_64 ro root=UUID=6d525a20-64f5-48a3-8482-bb7a0ae4f665 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet numa=offold boot params: kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=6d525a20-64f5-48a3-8482-bb7a0ae4f665 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet, new boot params: kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.32-279.el6.x86_64 ro root=UUID=6d525a20-64f5-48a3-8482-bb7a0ae4f665 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 crashkernel=auto KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet numa=offAdding group dbaAdding user oracle with user id 54321, initial login group oinstall, supplementary group dba and home directory /home/oracleChanging ownership of /home/oracle to oracle:oinstallPlease set password for oracle useruid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)Creating oracle user passedVerifying kernel parameters as per Oracle recommendations.fs.file-max 6815744kernel.sem 250 32000 100 128kernel.shmmni 4096kernel.shmall 1073741824kernel.shmmax 4398046511104net.core.rmem_default 262144net.core.rmem_max 4194304net.core.wmem_default 262144net.core.wmem_max 1048576fs.aio-max-nr 1048576net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range 9000 65500Setting kernel parameters as per oracle recommendations.Altered file /etc/sysctl.confOriginal file backed up at /etc/sysctl.conf.orabackupVerifying & setting of kernel parameters passedVerifying oracle user OS limits as per Oracle recommendations.oracle soft nofile 1024oracle hard nofile 65536oracle soft nproc 2047oracle hard nproc 16384oracle soft stack 10240oracle hard stack 32768Setting oracle user OS limits as per Oracle recommendations.Altered file /etc/security/limits.confOriginal file backed up at /etc/security/limits.conf.orabackupVerifying & setting of user limits passedVerifying kernel boot parameters as per Oracle recommendations.old boot params: kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.39-200.24.1.el6uek.x86_64 ro root=UUID=6d525a20-64f5-48a3-8482-bb7a0ae4f665 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet, new boot params: kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.39-200.24.1.el6uek.x86_64 ro root=UUID=6d525a20-64f5-48a3-8482-bb7a0ae4f665 rd_NO_LUKS rd_NO_LVM LANG=en_US.UTF-8 rd_NO_MD SYSFONT=latarcyrheb-sun16 KEYBOARDTYPE=pc KEYTABLE=us rd_NO_DM rhgb quiet numa=offAdding group oinstall with gid 54321Adding group dbaAdding user oracle with user id 54321, initial login group oinstall, supplementary group dba and home directory /home/oracleChanging ownership of /home/oracle to oracle:oinstallPlease set password for oracle useruid=54321(oracle) gid=54321(oinstall) groups=54321(oinstall),54322(dba)Creating oracle user passedVerifying kernel pa