管理学关键词中英文对照.doc

Key wordsChapter 1 Introduction to Management and OrganizationsManager-管理者First-line managers-基层管理者Middle managers-中层管理者Top managers-高层管理者Management-管理Efficiency-效率Effectiveness-效果Henri Fayol-亨利.法约尔Planning-计划Organizing-组织Leading-领导Controlling-控制Management process-管理过程Henry Mintzberg-亨利.明茨伯格 Management roles-管理角色Interpersonal roles-人际关系角色Informational roles-信息传递角色Decisional roles-决策制定角色Figurehead-挂名首脑Leader-领导者Liaison-联络者Monitor-监听者Disseminator-传播者Spokesperson-发言人Entrepreneur-企业家Disturbance handler-混乱驾驭者 Resource allocator-资源分配者Negotiator-谈判者Robert L. Katz-罗伯特.卡茨Technical skills-技术技能Human skills-人际技能Conceptual skills-概念技能Closed system-封闭系统Open system-开放系统Contingency perspective-权变观点（情境方式）Universality of management-管理的普遍性Chapter 2 The Evolution of ManagementTherbligs-分类体系 Scientific management-科学管理Frederick Winslow Taylor-泰罗standardization-标准化production line-流水线 General administrative theorists-一般行政管理理论家Principles of management-管理原则Bureaucracy-官僚行政组织Quantitative approach-数量方法Organizational behavior-组织行为 OBRobert Owen-罗伯特.欧文Hugo Munsterberg-雨果.芒斯特伯格Mary Follett-玛丽.福莱特Chester Barnard-切斯特.巴纳德Hawthorne studies-霍桑研究Workforce diversity-劳动力多元化Entrepreneurship-创业精神e-business-电子企业e-commerce-电子商务Total quality management-全面质量管理TQMLearning organization-学习型组织Knowledge management-知识管理Workplace spirituality-工作场所精神境界Chapter 3 Social Responsibility and Managerial EthicsClassical view-古典观点Milton Friedman-米尔顿.弗里德曼Socioeconomic view-社会经济学观点Social obligation-社会义务Social responsibility-社会责任Social responsiveness-社会响应Social norms-社会准则Social screening-社会屏障筛选Values-based management-以价值观为基础的管理Greening of management-管理的绿色化Utilitarian view of ethics-道德的功利观Rights view of ethics-道德的权利观Theory of justice view of ethics-道德公正理论观Integrative social contrasts theory-社会契约整合理论Pre-conventional-前习俗Conventional-习俗Principled-原则Values-价值观Ego strength-自我强度Locus of control-控制点Charge account-赊账账户Code of ethics-道德准则Chapter 4 Organizational Culture and the EnvironmentOmnipotent view of management-管理万能论Symbolic view of management-管理象征论Strong cultures-强文化External environment-外部环境Specific environment-具体环境General environment-一般环境Environmental uncertainty-环境的不确定性Dynamic environment-动态环境Stable environment-稳态环境Environmental complexity-环境复杂性Stakeholder-利益相关者Boundary spanning-跨域管理Stakeholder partnership-利益相关者伙伴关系Chapter 5 Decision MakingDecision-making process-决策制定过程Decision criteria-决策标准Allocating weights to the criteria-为决策标准分配权重Developing alternative-开发备选方案Analyzing alternatives-分析备选方案Selecting an alternative-选择备选方案Implementation-实施Implementing the alternative-实施备选方案Evaluating decision effectiveness-评估决策结果Rational-理性Rational decision making-理性决策制定Bounded rationality-有限理性Satisfied-满意的Escalation of commitment-承诺升级Intuitive decision making-直觉决策Well-structured problems-结构良好的问题Programmed decision-程序化决策Procedure-程序Rule-规则Policy-政策Poorly structured problems-结构不良的问题Non-programmed decision-非程序化决策Certainty-确定性Risk-风险性Uncertainty-不确定性Directive style-命令型风格Analytic style-分析型风格Conceptual style-概念型风格Behavioral style-行为型风格Chapter 6 PlanningPlanning-计划Performance-绩效Goals-目标Stated goals-陈述的目标Real goals-真实的目标Breadth-宽度Time frame-时间架构Specificity-具体性Frequency of use-使用频率Strategic plans-战略计划Operational plans-运营计划Lone-term plans-长期计划Short-term plans-短期计划Specific plans-具体计划Directional plans-方向性计划Single-used plans-一次性计划Standing plans-持续性计划Traditional goal setting -目标设立过程Means-ends chain-手段目的链Management by objective-目标管理MBOGoal specificity-确定目标Participative decision-making-参与决策Explicit time period-明确期限Performance feedback-绩效反馈Mission-使命Commitment concept-承诺概念Formal planning department-正式计划部门Chapter 7 OrganizingOrganizational structure-组织结构Organizational design-组织设计Work specialization-工作专门化Departmentation-部门化Functional departmentalization-职能部门化Product departmentalization-产品部门化Geographic departmentalization-地区部门化Process departmentalization-过程部门化Customer departmentalization-顾客部门化Cross-function teams-跨职能团队Chain of command-指挥链Authority-职权Responsibility-职责Unity of command-统一指挥Span of control-管理跨度Centralization-集权化Decentralization-分权化Formalization-正规化Mechanistic organization-机械式组织Organic organization-有机式组织Strategy and structure-战略与结构Size and structure-规模与结构Technology and structure-技术与结构Unit production-单件生产Mass production-大批量生产Process production-连续生产Environmental uncertainty and structure-环境不确定性与结构Simple structure-简单结构Functional structure-职能型结构Divisional structure-事业部型结构Team-based structure-基于团队的结构Matrix structure-矩阵型结构Project structure-项目型结构Autonomous internal units-内部自治单位Boundaryless organization-无边界组织Learning organization-学习型组织Chapter 8 leadershipLeader-领导者Leadership-领导Trait theories-特质理论Behavioral theories-行为理论Autocratic style-独裁型风格Democratic style-民主型风格Laissez-faire style-放任型风格Initiating structure-定规维度Consideration-关怀维度Managerial grid-管理方格Fred Fiedler-费雷德.费德勒Fiedler contingency model-费德勒的权变模型Least-preferred coworker questionnaire-最难共事者问卷 LPCLeader-member relations-领导者成员关系Task structure-任务结构Position power-职位权利Hersey and Blanchards Situational Leadership Theory (SLT)- -赫塞布兰查德的情境领导理论Readiness-成熟度Leader Participation Model-领导者参与模型Time-Driven M