高中英语 U1重点词汇讲解 译林牛津版必修2.doc

高中英语译林牛津版必修二u1重点词汇讲解一、重点词汇讲解1.puzzled a puzzled boy *puzzle the question puzzled the boy.*puzzling a puzzling question*be a puzzle to sb. 对。是个迷 ufo is a puzzle to everyone.*be puzzled about what to do .不知道该干什么2.step up （1）向上走，走近,站出来 （2）加紧，增加，加强，促进，提高 . the company had step up production of the latest model.公司已增加了最新型产品的生产。 i hope you try to get them to step up production.希望你们尽力使厂家增加生产。 let me step up the speed of the machine.让我把机器提速。3.search *search sb/sth 与search for sb/sth *search sb.搜身 search sth 翻弄某物，在某物中搜索 *search for sb /sth 寻找某人/某物 e.g the police searched her for drugs .警察搜查她，看她身上有无毒品*in search of / in ones search for 寻找e.g. scientists are in search of a cure for the disease.*search though 查遍they searched through the books on the shelves to find a book by luxun.4.due to e.g he lost the match because of/owing to/due to careless.his successes were largely due to（owing to） luck.他的成功主要靠运气。关于due to/because of /thanks to /owing to1.due to “由于”一般知作表语。作状语不可位于句首。2.because of.“因为” 用以指出理由，常作状语。3thanks to.“ 多亏，幸亏，亏得”、常作状语。 e.g. thanks to your help, we were successful.4.owing to “由于，应归功于”作状语或表语皆可。5.witness n./vn.目击者;见证人c(+of/to)i was a witness to /of the argument我是那场争论的见证人。*give/bear witness (to.sth)为。作证；证明 vt.1.】目击i witnessed the traffic accident. 我目睹了那次交通事故。2.】 作.的证人;连署the two servants witnessed mr. smiths will.两个仆人在史密斯先生的遗嘱上签名作证。vi *witness for /against 作有利于/不利于。的证明。several people witnessed against the accused。几个人作了不利于被告的证明。*witness to(介词)出庭证明 为。作证 e.g. the worker witnessed to having seen the accused near the scene of the crime.这个工人作证说曾看见被告在犯罪现场附近。6.muti-coloured/ white-skinned/strange-looking关于复合形容词*good-looking/ugly-looking/ordinary-looking(形容词ving)*white-skinned/warm-hearted （形容词+名ed）*english-speaking/peace-loving (名词ving)*man-made/snow-covered (名词v-ed)one-eyed/three-legged (数词+名ed)7.researchn. do research on/into/in对。进行研究v. research on/into .对。进行研究8.rule outthe possibility of suicide was ruled out.自杀的可能性被排除了。he did not rule out changing his mind.他没有排除要改变主意。9.possibility n. c/u * one possibility is that./another possibility is that one possibility is that well go to the united states. *.the possibility of(doing) sth (干)。的可能性the possibility of breaking the world record never occurred to him.他从来没想到会打破世界记录。 *there is (a) possibility that.有可能。is there any possibility that the weather will improve this weekend. 辨析 possible/probable/likely这三个词都表示“可能”，但possible和probable是形容词，只能修饰事、物；而likely既是形容词又是副词，可以修饰物，也可以修饰人。同时likely语气最强，probable次之，possible最弱。如： the usa is likely to carry out another attack on iraq with the excuse of fighting terrorism 美国很可能以打击恐怖主义为借口，再次对伊拉克进行攻击。 its possible but not probable likely that he will stick to his incorrect proposal 他也许会坚持他的错误主张，但可能性不大10.look into 调查,观察a working party has been set up to look into the problem. 已成立工作组调查该问题.the government has set up a working party to look into the problem of drug abuse.政府已成立工作组调查滥用毒品问题.they stopped to look into the window. 他们停下来看看橱窗 （复习look out 当心/look through浏览look forward to。期待look on.an 把。看作/look up to 尊敬）11.convincing adj.令人信服的 *v. convince 使确信 *convince sb (of sth) how can i convince (of her honesty).?我怎么才能使你相信她很诚实？ *convince sb. that使某人相信。 what he said convinced me that i was mistaken. *.convince sb to do sth.说服某人做某事 what convinced you to vote for him.什么使你愿意投他的票？*convinced adj.感到信服 *be convinced of /about sth 确信，坚信 we are convinced about our bright gress*make (good/much/rapid)progress in.在。取得（大的/迅速的）进步*make little/no progress in 在。中取得很小/没有进步*in progress 进行中please be quiet-recording in progress. 请安静，录音在进行。13.similar *be similar to与。相似 （有明显的共同性质，但不完全一致）usually,boys are similar to their mother. 通常,男孩长的像母亲. your answers are similar to mine. 你的回答和我的很相似14.run after追，追赶it is surprising that a cock is running after a dog.(复习run into 偶然遇到（或看见）run into.偶然遇见或撞上run out (of)耗尽用完)15.support*养活 support oneself 养活自己，自力更生support a family 养活一家人*支持support ones opinion支持某人的观点.*支撑/搀扶he was weak with hunger, so i had to support him./this bridge is strong enough to support heavy lorries.16.exist*存在，生存 we cant exist without food or water. *exist on(live on)靠.活下去(靠.生存) it was impossible for them to exist on such a small income.他们要靠这一点收入生活是不可能的。*n. existence *be existence 存在the only copy of the book that is still in existence is worth much.该书现存的孤本价值不菲。 *come into existence 开始存在，成立the city came into existence in the 1930s.*bring into existence使。产生/使。存在sudan was brought into existence at the end of the 1800s.苏丹国于19世纪末形成。9.due to 由于10.give/bear witness (to.sth)为。作证；证明11.witness for /against 作有利于/不利于。的证明12.witness to(介词)出庭证明 为。作证13. do research on/into/in对。进行研究 14.research on/into .对。进行研究15.the possibility of(doing) sth (干)。的可能性16.there is (a) possibility that.有可能。17.look into 调查,观察18.be convinced of /about sth 确信，坚信19.make (good/much/rapid)progress in.在。取得（大的/迅速的）进步20.make little/no progress in 在。中取得很小/没有进步21.in progress 进行中22.be similar to与。相似23.support oneself 养活自己，自力更生24.support a family 养活一家人25.support ones opinion支持某人的观点26.exist on(live on)靠.活下去(靠.生存)27.be existence 存在28.come into existence 开始存在，成立29.bring into existence使。产生三、巩固复习练习题第一节：单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的a、 b、 c 、d 、四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。21to make members of a team perform better，the trainer first of all has to know their_ and weakness astrengths bbenefits ctechniques dvalues22the space age has_ a whole new body of sci entific and technical words_ abrought；into existence bcome；into existence cbrought；in existence dcalled；in existence23be quiet_ you should wake the baby ain case bin case of cin no case din the case of24we couldnt convince him_ his mistake awith bon cat dof25your electricity bill_ on time，or they will cut us off ais due to pay bis due to be paid cdue to pay ddue to be paid26bamboo can be made_ fishing poles and walking sticks aof bfrom cinto dup27the building around the comer caught fire last night the police are now_ the matter aseeing through bworking out clooking into dwatching over28_，he should be punished aon the law baccording to the law cwith the law dby the law29一do you know beijing well? 一noit is the first time i_ here ago bhave been cwent dshould go30the room was packed with people_ we couldnt get in aso that bas if cwhile das31go and get your coat；it is_ you left it athere bwhere cthere where dwhere there32_ my sister three times today but her line was always busy aid phoned bive been phoning cive phoned di was phoning33their ink has_，that is to say，they have their ink arun out；run out brun out of；run out of crun out；run out of drun out of；run out34. well have a meeting in the garden_ in the hall ainstead binstead of ctake the place of din place of35i wont tell the student the answer to the math problem until he_ on it for more than an hour ahas been working, bwill have worked cwill have been working dhad worked第二节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。i arrived in the united states on february 6，1997，but i remember my first day there very clearlymy friend was waiting for me when my plane 36 at kennedy airport at three oclock in the afternoonthe weather was very cold and it was snowing，but i was 3 7 excited to mindfrom the airport，my friend and i 38 a taxi to my hotelon the way，i saw the skyline of manhattan for the first time and i stared 39 astonishment at the famous skyscrapers and their 40 beautymy friend helped me unpack at the hotel and then 41 me because he 42 go back to workhe 43 to return the next day 44 my friend had left，i went to a restaurant near the hotel to get something to eatbecause i 45 speak a word of english，i couldnt 46 the waiter what 1 wanted1 was very upset and 47 to make some gestures, 48 the waiter didnt understand mefinally，i 49 the same thing the man 50 the next table was eatingafter dinner，i started to walk along broadway 5 1 i came to time square with its movie theatres, and huge 52 of peoplei didnt feel tired so i continued to walk 53 the city when i returned to the hotel，i couldnt sleep because i 54 hearing the fire and police sirens(汽笛)during the nighti 55 awake and thought about new york. i decided that i had to learn to speak english 36a. took off b1anded c got out dtook down 37atoo b so cvery d. much 38a. got btook up cgot on d. took 39ain bat cfor d. to 40ao1d made b. man-made cnewly-made dnatural 41a. had 1eft bwould leave c1eft dwas leaving 42a must bhad to cshould dought 43aagreed bsaid c told d. promised 44a shortly after b. long before cshortly dsoon 45a. couldnt b could c. didnt ddid 46aask bsay ctell dorder 47a. wanted b started c asked dfailed 48aand bso cthen dbut 49a. ordered b booked casked d. got 50aon b for cat dto 5l. a. when b until cafter dbefore 52a. crowds bgroups cteams damounts 53aaround bin cby dnear 54awas bwent ckept dstarted 55a1ain b1ay c1aid dwas第三节：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题l分，满分l0分) 请认真阅读下列短文,并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词。注意：每个空格只填1个单词。 the smallest people in the world although kenadie jourdin-bromley is 3.5years old, she is only 27 inches tall and weighs about 10 pounds，the same as a one-month-old infant kenadie is a primordial dwarf “they are the smallest children in the world, and it is a big mystery as to why they are so smallwe just dont know，”said dr charles scott，one of the worlds experts on the condition scott is the co-director of the skeletal dysplasia programme at the alfred idupont hospital for childrenhe estimates that kenadies condition，primordial dwarfism，is so rare that there are only about 125 people like her in the united states and canada primordials，unlike other dwarfs，have what are considered normal proportions，but their growth is retarded(阻碍)almost from the momenl of conceptionin fact，the dame of the condition comes from one of the definitions of the word primordial-“from the moment of conception” kenadie weighed only 2.5 pounds when she was bornher hand was as big as a quarter，and her foot was only an inch and a half long“i just want to hear her cryif she cries，”kenadies mother，brianne jourdinbromley，said she remembered thinking“then shes aliveand then we just heard this tiny，tiny little neow” kenadie was so small that nurses called her“thumbelina”doctors who had never seen a child as small as she was warned that the prognosis was not good “they really believed that she would not live，”brianne said“and then you go back to her and youd think，well，how can she not be ok? shes so perfect” thinking back to kenadies birth, her proud father, court bromley，said，“i have never seen anything so incredible and so perfectly formed” little did brianne and court know that they both carried a defective gene that gave them a one in four chance of having a child like kenadie “the only way theyre identified is after theyve had one child，”scott said“theres nothing we know of that causes that mutationnothing that you can do to fix it or change itits purely chance”title：the 71 people in the worldnamekenadie723.5years oldheight73 inches7410 poundshow many people who are like her in the usa and canada?about 75whenshewasbornweighther handher 76the nursesthe 7778 poundsas bigas a 79only one and a half inches longcall her 80believe thatshe wouldnt 1ive第一节：单项选择21.【解析】 a 考查名词词义辨析。weakness意为“弱点”，与之相对应的是strengths(强处)。22【解析】a 考查习惯用语。bring sthinto existence意为“使某物产生”。23【解析】a 考查固定短语。in ease：意为“以防万一”。24【解析】d 考查介词。convince sbof sth意为“使某人相信某事”。25【解析】b 考查固定短语和被动语态。“账单被付”，应用被动语态，故排除a、c。be due：to意为“预期，应该”；due to意为“因为”，排除d。26【解析】c 考查“make+介词”的用法。be made offrom意为“由。做成”；make up意为“编造”；be made into意为“制成”。27【解析】c 考查动词短语。look into意为“调查”。see through意为“看穿”；work out意为“算出”；watch over意为“看守，照顾”。28【解析】b 考查“介词+名词”的用法，“根据法律”的确切英译为“according to the law”。29【解析】b 考查时态。“it is the first time+从句”，从句的时态常用现在完成时。30【解析】a 考查连词(短语)