6状语从句 (2).doc

状语从句考点与难点归纳教学内容：1.复习九种状语从句的分类 2. 复习状语从句连词的重点用法 3. 高考中状语从句的重点与难点教学目标：1. 巩固状语从句的复习效果 2. 掌握状语从句的考点与难点教学步骤：一、 时间状语从句（一）连接词when的用法小结(1). when可用来引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。如： When the film ended, they went back. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore on Sundays.(2). When 常用于下列句式： when为并列连词意为“就在这时”。 was doing somethingwhen was about to dowhen was on the point of doing sth. when had donewhen(3). when可以表“既然”，如： How can I help them to understand when they wont listen to me?高考例题:1. (04北京春) We were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before2. (02上海) He was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. A. as B. until C. whileD. when3. (05上海) He transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. A. where B. when C. thatD. until4. (05福建) Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. A. Before B. when C. thatD. until5. (06辽宁) He was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. A. why B. where C. when D. while（二）连接词while的用法小结 (1). while引导时间状语从句，意为“当的时候”；从句的动作必须是持续性的，如：Please dont talk so loud while others are working.(2). while引导时间状语从句, 意为：趁的情况赶紧做 Strike while the iron is hot.(3). while引导让步状语从句，放于主句之前，意为“尽管，虽然”，相当于although While I admit that the problems are difficult , I dont agree that they cant be solved.(4). while作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。 Jane was dressed in brown while Mary was dressed in blue.高考例题:6. (06天津) The cost of living in Glasgow is among the lowest in Britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. A. since B. when C. as D. while7. (04年江苏) _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless8. _it is true that a students most important goal is to do well in his or her studies, it doesnt need to be the only goal. A when B As C While D Before9. Mary made coffee her guests were finishing their meal. A. so that B. although C. while D. as if（三）连接词as的用法小结 (1). as可用来引导时间状语，意为“一边一边”；随着 She sang as she walked home all the way. (一边一边） She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music. As she grew older, she became more beautiful. （随着） As the day went on, the weather got worse.(2). as引导原因状语从句，意为“因为、由于” As she is free today, she would like to do some shopping.(3). as引导让步状语从句（从句必须倒装）意为“尽管”。 Tired as he was, he refused to take a rest. （尽管） Hard as he worked, he cant work out the problem. Child as he is, he knows a lot. Try as he might, he wouldnt succeed.注意：as从句通常将作表语的adj/n.、作状语的adv、 作谓语的do(情态动词后的动词原形)提到as前面去。（四）一.就.表达法小结：(1)the moment, the instant，the minute, the second, the day，immediately, directly, instantly, hardlywhen, scarcelywhen, no soonerthan 这些连词引导时间状语从句，相当于as soon as的意思。 I came immediately you called me up.(2)如果hardly, scarcely或no sooner置于句首，主句必须部分倒装。 注意：主句过去完成时，从句一般过去时 Hardly /scarcely had I got home when it began to rain.(3). the first /second/last time, every time, each time, next time, by the time也可引导时间状语从句，从句一般时态The first time I drove the car, I felt very nervous.Next time you come, please bring your composition.高考例题：10. Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her? Yes. I gave it to her _ I saw her. A. whileB. the moment C. suddenlyD. although11. I thought her nice and honest _ I met her. A. first time B. for the first time C. the first timeD. by the first time12. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. A. He hardly had B. Had he hardly C. Hardly had he D. Hardly he had （六）till, until和notuntil小结：1. until/till从句用于肯定句主句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。： We waited until/till he came. 2. until/till从句用于否定句主句时，主句谓语动词终止性动词，意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。如： He wont go to bed until her father returns.3till不可以置于句首，而until可以。如： Until you told me I had no idea of it.4notuntil句型的强调句，须将not一起提前强调： It was not until you told me that I had any idea of it.5. Not until. 放句首强调时，主句部分倒装。 Not until you told me did I have any idea of it.高考例题：13. Was his father very strict with him when he was at school? Yes. He had never praised him _ he became one of the top students in his grade. A. after B. unless C. until D. when14. A good storyteller must be able to hold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the story. A. when B. unless C. after D. until15. It was not _ she took off her dark glasses_ I realized she was a famous film star. A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then（七）连接词before的小结：1含义：before表示“在之前”，但还有如下意思1） We had sailed four days and four nights before we saw land.2） We hadnt run a mile before he felt tired.3） Please write it down before you forget it.4） Before I could get in a word, he had measured me. 2before的一些特殊句式1）It will be/段时间before “要过才会” It will be two years before he leaves the country.2）It was +时间段+before 从句 “过了才” It was three weeks before he came back3）It will not be 时间段 before“要不了就会” It wont be long before she comes back4）It was not 时间段 before “没过就了” It wasnt long before he left the country.5）It is/has been时间段since如： It is three years since she was in the army. It is three years since she joined the army. 高考例题：16. (03年北京) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _ it got worse. A. until B. when C. beforeD. as17. (04福建) Scientists say it may be five or six years _ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. A. since B. after C. before D. when18. (06四川)Why didnt you tell him about the meeting? He rushed out of the room_I could say a word. A. before B. untilC. whenD. after19. (05北京春) It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. A. before B. since C. after D. because （八）Since 用法小结1.since引导时间状语从句，自从(1)从句常用一般过去时,主句常用现在完成时或完成 进行时。(2)固定句型： It is/has been段时间since一般过去时。 若从句谓语动词是延续性的，表示多久没做； 若从句谓语动词是短暂性的，则表示自从做多久了高考例题：21. Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time? Yes，since she _ the Chinese Society. Ahas joined Bjoins Chad joined Djoined22. What was the party like? Wonderful. Its years _ I enjoyed myself so much.23. Do you smoke? _. Its three years since I smoked. AYes，I do BYes，I dont CNo，I dont DNo，I do二、 条件状语从句归纳1：1. It is known to all that _ you exercise regularly, you wont keep good health. A. unless B. whenever C. although D. if 2. You will be late _ you leave immediately. A. unless B. until C. if D. or3. The little boy wont go to sleep his mother tells him a story.（2010全国） A. or B. unless C. but D. whether归纳2：4. _ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger. A. Because B. As far as C. as long as D. Even if 5. I always take something to read when I go to the doctors _ I have to wait. Ain case Bso that Cin orderDas if 三、 让步状语从句归纳1： 1. _ I accept that he is not perfect, I do actually like the person. （04江苏） A. While B. Since C. Before D. Unless2. Allow children the space to voice their opinions, _they are different from your own. (05湖南卷） A. untilB. even ifC. unless D. as though 注意： though与although，不能与but连用，但可以与yet, still, nevertheless等连用，用来加强语气。Though ( Although ) he was tired, yet (still) he went on working. as引导让步状语从句倒装,将从句表语的形容词、名词、副词或动词原形放于as之前。此外however也要倒装，将however所修饰的形容词或副词提前。although 不可以倒装，though可倒可不倒，as必倒。whether or 无论还是Whether sick or well, shes always happy.归纳2：3. _, he doesnt study well. A. As he is clever B. He is as clever C. Clever as he is D. As clever he is4. You should report any incident, _ serious or minor it is. A. however B. whatever C. whoever D. whichever5. Mr. Hall understands that _ math has always been easy for him, it is not easy for the students. A. unless B. since C. although D. when6. _, I have never seen anyone whos as capable as John. A. As long as I have traveled B. Now that I have traveled to much C. Much as I have traveled D. As I gave traveled to much归纳3：7. - Dad, Ive finished my assignment. - Good, and _ you play or watch TV, you mustnt disturb me. A. whenever B. whether C. whatever D. no matter8. You can eat food free in my restaurant_ you like. A. whenever B. wherever C. whatever D. however9. You should try to get a good nights sleep_ much work you have to do. A. however B. no matter C. although D. whatever10. _, I have to put it away and focus my attention on study this week. A. However the story is amusing B. No matter amusing the story is C. However amusing the story is D. No matter how the story is amusing11. He tried his best to solve the problem, _ difficult it was.（05天津卷） A. however B. no matter C. whatever D although12. The old tower must be saved, _the cost. 05浙江） Ahowever Bwhatever Cwhichever Dwherever 13. English and French are taught here. You can choose _ you like. A. no matter which B. whichever C. no matter what D. whatever四、 结果状语从句sothat, suchthat ,so that It is so good a story that Ill never forget it. It is such a good story that Ill never forget it.1)such+ a + adj + 名词（可数名词）+ that clause such+（adj）+名词复数/不可数名词2)so +adj./adv. +that clause3)so + many/few + 复数名词（much/little+不可数名词）+that clause五、 原因状语从句1、 because表示事情发生的直接原因或理由，它的语气很强。 He didnt come to school yesterday because he was ill.1)回答why的提问,必须用because。 Why didnt he come yesterday? _ he had something important to do. ABecause BAs CSince DFor2)当有only，just, all, partly, not, but等修饰时， The two girls were late again, which was partly because they got up late.3) 在强调原因状语从句时，只能用because。 It was because it rained hard that they put off the football match.2. since常表示对方已经知道的既成事实，说话人根据这个事实得出某一种结论。其语气比because要弱，一般译成“既然”。如：Since you are here, why not stay for a few more days?3. as常用于表示十分明显的原因，说明因果关系，重点放在主句上，语气较弱，常译成“由于”。如：As its getting darker, we must go home now.4. for只是一个并列连词，用于连接两个并列句，表示推理或解释，对前一个分句进行附加说明。如：It must have rained last night, for the ground is wet六、 目的状语从句1. 通常由 so that, in order that, sothat, in case（以防、免得）for fear that(以防，以免)等引导He got up early in order that he could catch the early bus.She married him so that she might tend and comfort him.I explained again in case he should misunderstand me.2.目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may (might), can (could) should, will等情态动词。1. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party. A. which B. when C. so that D. as if2. Roses need special care_ they can live through winter. A. because B. so that C. even if D. as 3. Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report _ her boss could read it first next morning. A. so that B. in order to C. before D. so as七、 比较状语从句1. asas, not as(so)as, 和.一样. more/-er than, 比.更. less+原级+than, 不如.2. “the+比较级(接从句)，the+比较级(接主句)， 这一句型也归在比较状语从句内。3. 比较状从常用as或than引导时，有一些成分被省略, 有时候要用that 来代替比较对象，否则要产生歧义4. than 从句表示最高级 比较级+ than+ any other + 单数， 比较级+ than + all the other + 复数， 比较级+ than + anyelse等； 否定词 +比较级 + than 引导状从也可表示最高级，如5. 比较状语从句表示倍数，可以用as 和 than来表示。1)A倍数比较级than B 多多少倍如：This building is twice taller than that one2)A倍数as原级asB 是多少倍如：This building is three times as tall as that one3)A倍数the size(height, weight, length) of B 如：This building is three times the size of that one八、 方式状语从句1. 由连词：as（像一样）, as if, as though（似乎）引导2. as if和as though，引导的从句与事实相反多用虚拟语气，但也可用陈述语气，表示情况接近事实。九、 地点状语从句地点状语从句只有两个连词: Where，whereverWhere - 在地方，Wherever - 无论在什么地方1. After the war，a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre. A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when2. - Dont look down upon Bob. He has his own advantages. - Oh, yes. _ others are weak, he is strong. A. If B. WhenC. Where D. Though3. - The thread of my kite broke and it flew away. - I had told you it would easily break _it was the weakest A. when B. where C. unless D. since4. _ he is，he will be thinking of his girlfriend.AWhat BWhere CWhether DWherever5. She found her calculator _ she lost it. Athat Bwhere Cin which Dwhen6. This is the factory_ her mother worked last year. Athat Bwhere Cin which Dwherever十、状语从句的时态问题1. The house could fall down soon if no one_ some quick repair work. （04全国IV） A. has done B is doing C does D had done 2. It is almost five years _ we saw each other last time. （05北京春季）A. before B. since C. after D. when 十一、状语从句的倒装问题状语从句的倒装一般有下面几种情况： 否定词开头；not until so 加 adj/adv 或such . n 放开头； as / though引导的让步状语从句。特别注意： Hardly when No sooner than Child as he is, Hardly had he got to the station when the train left. No sooner had he got to the station than the train left. Child as he is, he can speak seven foreign languages.1. So difficult _ it to live in an English-speaking country that I determined to learn English. A. I have felt B. have I felt C. I did feel D. did I feel2. Not until all the fish died in the river _ how serious the pollution was. A. did the villagers realize B. the villagers realized C. the villagers did realize D. didnt the villagers realize十二、状语从句省略问题1. 如果主从句主语一致，从句中又有“be”时，省略主语和be。While still a student, she played many roles.When told the secret, he was surprised.When (he was) still a boy of ten, he had to work day and nightIf (you are) asked, you may come in. 2. 从句中可省略it+be。You can turn to me for help if necessary.If (it is) necessary / possible . Ill explain it to you again.十三、状语从句与并列句的区别1. Though he is in his sixties, _ he works as hard as a young man A. yet B. but C. and D. and yet2. Excuse me for breaking in, _ I have some news for you. A. so B. and C. but D. yet对比训练与巩固练习对比训练 1 1. We were about to leave_ it began to rain.2. She thought I was talking about her son, _, in fact, I was talking about my son.3. Hardly had I finished my composition _ the bell rang. A. when B. while C. as D. during对比训练 2 1. Child _ she is, she know a lot.2. He did the experiment _ he was told.3. The pianos in the other shop will be cheaper, but not _ good. A. during B. as C. if D. though对比训练 3 1. He would have a look at the bookstores_ he went to town.2. We decide to finish the work on time, _happens.3. If we work with a strong will, we overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.4. Ill give the book to _ likes English. A. whenever B. whoever C. whatever D. however对比训练 4 1. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ great it is.2. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is.3. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, _ difficulty it is.4. If we work hard, we can overcome any difficulty, no matter _ difficulty it is. A. what B. how C. however D. whatever对比训练 5 1. It will be years _ we meet again.2. It is ten years _ I came to this town.3. It is ten years ago _ I came to this town. A. when B. that C. before D. since对比训练 61. Go and get your coat. It is _ you left it.2. You are free to go _ you like. A. there B. where C. wherever D. when 对比训练 7 1. The article is written in such easy English_ all of us can read it.2. The article is written in such easy English_ all of us can read. A. that B. which C. as D. so that 状语从句集中练习：历届高考题中的状语从句1. How long has this bookshop been in business?_ 1982. A. AfterB. InC. FromD. Since2. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially _ Father was away in France. A. asB. thatC. duringD. if3. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, _ great it is. A. whatB. howC. howeverD. whatever4. After the war, a new school building was put up _ there had once been a theatre. A. thatB. whereC. whichD. when5. I am going to the post office. _youre there, can you get me some stamps? A. AsB. WhileC. BecauseD. If6. You should make it a rule to leave things _ you can find them again. A. whenB. whereC. thenD. there7. _ youve got the chance, you might as well make full use of it. A. Now thatB. AfterC. AlthoughD. As soon as8. Well have to finish the