主谓一致归纳详解及试题.doc

中小学名师1对1个性化辅导专家 学生： 年级： 教师： 日期: 时间段: 教学目标：重点、难点：一、师生五分钟心灵沟通心理辅导师生交流沟通二、复习上次上课内容，检查评讲课后作业三、授新课内容主谓一致(一).如果主语是不可数名词,动名词,不定式或从句的时候,谓语动词用单数.1.What they said has been recorded .2. Smoking is not a good habit.3.To live happily needs a lot of things.6.What I said _(be) true.(二).如果由and连接的两个做主语的单数名词指的是同一个人或物的时候,用单数动词.1.The singer and songwriter is dead.2.The science and technology plays an important part in China.3.Bread and butter(=buttered bread) is a good food for patients.4.“War and Peace” is the best book I have ever read.如果由and连接的两个或更多的主语之前有each, every, many a/an, no时候用单数名词.1.Every boy and girl in the class works very hard.2.Many a student has been sent to plant trees.(三).主语是单数,后面跟有with, along with, together with, besides, as well as, but, except, no less than rather than, more than, like, including, in addition to的时候,谓语动词用单数. Jack with his family wants to go to China.1.He, as well as you, is very honest.2.No one but I is a student.3.Her brother, together with his wife and children, was killed in the accident.(四),由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词(sb,sth-)和each,either, neither, one, the other, another, little, a little, much, no one, nothing做主语的时候,谓语动词用单数.1.Each of you is cleverer than me.2.Neither student has passed the exam.3.Is anybody here?4.Neitner of the girls _(be) pretty .5. Every one of the students _(be) studying hard .(五), both, few, a few, several, many以及others做主语的时候,永远用复数动词.1.Several friends were invited to the party.2.Both books are sold out.(六), all, none, any, some, more和most要是修饰单数名词,谓语动词用单数;若是修饰复数名词,就用复数动词.1.Most of the apple is bad. 2.Most of the apples are bad. 3.None of this money is yours. 4.None one of the people here are teachers.(七),由or连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最接近的主语一致.1.You or he is wrong.2.Are you or he wrong? .由eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also连接的两个以上主语时,动词和最近的主语一致.1.Either he or you have to tell the truth.2.Neither my brother nor his friends are over 18 years old.3.Not only the basketball players but also the coach was nervous.4.Not only John but also I _(be) going to Shanghai next week.5.Either you or she _(be) to go.6.Here _(be)a pen, a few envelops and some paper for you.在倒装句中如一个句子由there 或here引起，而主语又不止一个，谓语动词往往与最邻近的一个主语保持一致。例如：Where is your mother and younger sisters? 你的母亲和妹妹们在哪儿？There is a desk a table and three chairs in the room. 房间里有一张书桌，一张桌子和三把椅子.(八).若主语的复数名词表示的是”一段时间”, “一笔钱”, “一段距离”, “一个数量”, “一个面积”的时候用单数谓语动词.1.Two weeks is to enough for me to finish it.2.Five thousand dollars is too much.3.Ten kilometers is too long for me to run.4.Eight hours of sleep is enough5.Ten pounds _(be) missing from the till.6Thirty-six plus forty_(equal) seventy-six.(九).集体名词 people(人们), police, cattle(牛群)等常用复数动词.有一些集体名词,如果表示的是整体就用单数动词,如果表示的是其中的个体就用复数谓语动词.这样的词常见的有family, class, audience, crowd人群public, team等等.1.His family are all singers.2.His family is very large.3.The football team _(be) having baths and then they are coming back here for tea.十).关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，谓语动词与先行词一致。1.Those who want to go please sign their names here.(十一)一些名词只有复数形式，如clothes, scissors, trousers,shorts, scales等作主语时谓语用复数形式1.The scales （天平） are mine.但是成双的东西前面有a pair of要用单数。2.This pair of scissors belongs to the tailor. 3.This pair of scissors_(be) made in Hangzhou.(十二).如果主语由“a kind of ( a series of )构成， 谓语一般用单数形式。1.This kind of men is dangerous 如果是多种，谓语动词要用复数。2.There are many kinds of apples.(十三)， 算术式通常用单数。1.Thirty-six plus forty_(equal) seventy-six.(十四).ics结尾的学科用单数谓语动词。1.Politics is often a topic for discussion among us . (十五)书名剧名报纸名，国名的复数名词作主语，谓语动词用单数。1.The united states is a capitalist country.2.“ The Arabian Nights” is a very interesting story-book. .群岛,山脉,瀑布等专有名词如:the Alps, the Philippines,Niagara Falls等作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式.如:Niagara Falls are a splendid scene.(16) “the+形容词（分词）“指人谓语动词用复数形式。指抽象谓语动词用单数。 1.The sick here are very well cared for. 2.The English speak English. 3.The new always beats the old.(十七)百分数,分数作主语时的主谓一致当百分数,分数后面加名词或代词时,要根据这个名词或代词来决定其谓语动词的单复数形式.如果是复数名词或代词,谓语动词用复数;如果是单数名词(或不可数名词)或代词,谓语动词用单数.如:Fifty percent of the students in our school are girls.Three-fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.(十八) one and a half加复数名词作主语谓语动词用单数。1. One and a half bananas is left on the table.A number of +名词复数+复数动词.The number of +名词单数+单数动词.【考例】Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe Square. A. are a number of deer B. are a number of deers C. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers 答案：A。该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是a number of deer, 是个复数概念，因此谓语动词应用复数形式。（deer单复数相同）The number of _ in our class _ fifty. A. student, isB. the students, areC. the students, isD. students, are答案: C用half of, part of, most of, a portion of 等词引起主语时,动词通常与of后面的名词,代词保持一致.1.Most of his money is spent on books.2.Most of the students are taking an active part in sports.2) 在一些短语,如 many a 或 more than one 所修饰的词作主语时,谓语动词多用单数形式.但由more than of 作主语时,动词应与其后的名词或代词保持一致. 1.More than 60 percent of the students are from the city.【语法过关】1How time flies! Ten years _ passed. A. have B. has C. is D. Are1B解析该题考查的是主谓一致。Ten years通常被看作是一个时间整体，谓语动词用单数形式。2Not only his parents but also his brother _ to the Summer Palace. They havent been back. A. have been B. have gone C. has been D. has gone2D解析该题考查的是主谓一致。如果由not onlybut also连接两个并列主语，其谓语动词同相邻的主语保持一致，谓语动词应用单数形式。又因为他们还都没有回来，所以用has gone而不用has been。3Neither my father _ going to see the patient. A. nor I am B. nor I areC. or me are D. or me is3A解析该题考查的是主谓一致。Neithernor是一组连词，可连接连个并列主语，其谓语动词应同靠近的主语I保持一致, 因此应选A。4Look! There _ playing with the tourists on Yinhe SquareA. are a number of deer B. are a number of deersC. is a number of deer D. is a number of deers4A解析该题考查的是主谓一致。这个句子的主语是a number of deer, 是个复数概念，因此谓语动词应用复数形式。（deer单复数相同）5The number of _ in our class _ fifty. A. student, isB. the students, areC. students, is D. students, are5C解析本题考查主谓一致的用法。the number of 后接复数名词，作主语时，其谓语动词用单数形式。故应选C。7Not only I but also Jane and Mary_ tired of having one examination after anotherAis Bare Cam DBe7B。“不仅是我而且简和玛莉都已厌烦了一个接着一个的考试。”not only需用到就近原则，but also之后又是两个人，是复数。故选B。8A library with five thousand books _to the nation as a gift. Ais offered Bhas offered Care offered Dhave offered8A解析 “一座藏书量是5000册的图书馆作为礼物送给了那个国家。”要找出这句话的主说是a library还是books，根据主谓一致原则with后面的短语是修饰、补充主语的情况的，故主语应是a library，又因为此题是被动语态，因此选择A9When and where to build the new factory _yet Ais not decided Bare not decided Chas not decided Dhave not decided9A解析 “还未决定何时何地建设新工厂。”“两个并列连词+主语+谓语”作主语看作一个整体，谓语动词用单数，根据题意又应用被动语态，故选A。11Between the two buildings _a monumentAis standing Bstanding Cstands DStand11C解析 “一座纪念碑耸立在两楼之间。”倒装句的谓语动词要与后面的主语保持一致。12Many a student _that mistake before.Ahad made Bhas been made Chave made D has made12D解析 “许多学生以前就犯过这种错误。”“many a”虽然表达复数概念，意为“许多”，但当它作主语时，谓语动词用单数。13None of the money _hisAis Bare Cbelongs DWere。13A解析 “钱都不属于他。”none作主语，谓语动词单复数都可，但这里的money为不可数名词，因此用单数形式为好，而belong to才是“属于”的意思，所以选A。14About threefifths of the work _done yesterdayAhad Bwas Cwere DHave14B解析 “昨天做了大约35的工作。”主语含有分数，百分比等等，谓语动词要根据其后面的名词而定，是不可数名词和单数可数名词，谓语动词用单数，是复数名词，谓语动词用复数。15 Neither your sister nor mine _the good newsLets tell them Aknow B knows Cknew15B解析句中的主语是your sister和mine，由并列连词neithernor连在一起，所以谓语动词要与后一个主语mine相一致，这里mine指my sister。【2011广安市】33. How much is the pair of shoes?Twenty dollars _ enough.A. is B. are C. am答案：A【解析】考查be动词的用法。根据文意，twenty dollars看成一个整体，表示单数概念，故用is。【2011?兰州】32. I have changed my job.A. So do I B. So have I C. So I do D. So I have答案：B【解析】倒装句的用法。答句意为“我也改变了工作”，上句是由have构成的完成时态，因此答句由have/ has构成完全倒装句，因此选B。【2011山东德州】27. I havent seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On stranger Tides._.A. Neither have I B. So have IC. Neither I haveD. So I have答案：A【解析】考查倒装句。Neither+系动词（助动词或情态动词）主语表达否定，意为“另一者也不”。So+系动词（助动词或情态动词）主语，表示 “另一者也”。根据句意“我从没看过电影加勒比海盗：惊涛怪浪可知，答语为“我也没看过”，故选A。【2011浙江衢州】28. One of my friends _moved to America. I miss her so much.A.has B. have C. is D. are答案：A【解析】现在完成时。我的一个朋友搬到美国了，我很想念她。后一句是前一句的影响和后果，因此用现在完成时；主语是one，用单数。(2011 湖南衡阳 ) 31.Do you like your new Tshirt?Yes. Not only I but also my mother _ it.A. likes B. like C. doesnt like答案：A【解析】连词考查。Not only-but also谓语动词的确定是临近原则。(2011 湖南衡阳) 26.Peter, I will visit our teacher this Sunday. .Lets go together.A. Nor do I B.I will so C. So will I答案：C【解析】考查倒装句。So+系动词（助动词或情态动词）主语，表示 “另一者也”。【2011山东】23.- What can you see in the picture?- I can see a farm. And there _ a lot animals on it.A. is B. areC. will beD. be23. 答案：B【解析】考查点：本题考查there be句型的用法。解题思路：动词be单复数形式要跟there be之后的真正的主语一致。本题there be之后的真正的主语是复数animals，故本题选择B。【2011湖北黄石】34. The head teacher with his students _Teanchengshan Park if it _tomorrow.A. is going to; isnt rainy B. are going to; isnt rainyC. is going to; wont rain D. are going to; doesnt rain答案： A【解析】主谓一致和状语从句。The head teacher为主语，with后面的不是主语，所以应为第三人称单数；if后用一般现在时表将来的意思。【2011广东】37. David, there _ a dictionary and some books on your desk. Please put them away.OK. Mum. Ill do it right away.A. isB. areC. hasD. have答案：A【解析】本题考查there be句型的就近原则。There be后面接并列名词时，谓语动词 be 应与最邻近的名词在数上保持一致, 首先排除C、D项。又因为句中的名词为单数a dictionary，由此可排除B项。故选A。【2011四川德阳】8. Physics _ more difficult than Chinese, do you think so?- Yes, I think so.A. is B. are C. has答案： A【解析】本题考查系动词的用法。句意“物理比中文难学多了，你也这样认为吗？”。可知Physics在此作为一门学科，应用单数形式is，故选A。【2011乌鲁木齐】32. _ Lily _ Lucy is going with you because one of them must slay at home.A. Not only；but also B. Neither; norC. Both; and D. Either; or【答案】D【解析】连词的考察Not only；but also “不但而且”； Neither; nor “既不也不”Both; and “和”；Either; or“或者或者”，由下文“他们中的一个必须呆在家里”，可知“或者露西或者莉莉与你一起去”【2011广东深圳】6. He, together with his parents _going to visit Shanghai in July. How about you? Im afraid I have to stay at home _ _.A. are; on my own B. is, by myself C. is; by my own D. are; on myself答案：B【解析】考查主谓一致与by oneself的用法。介词with后的谓语动词应和它前面的主语he一致，故A,D错。by oneself是“独自”的意思。故选择B。(2011湖南岳阳中考)21.There a football match on CCTV-5 at nine tomorrow evening.A. will have B. is going to be C. is having解析：本题考查倒装句。There be句型表示“某地有某物”或“某时有某人”；have“有”，指人有，故答案选B。【2011广西贵港】34.I hope the summer vacation will come soon._.Its really relaxing.A. So I did B. So I do C. So did I D. So do I答案：D【解析】考查点：so引导的倒装句。解题思路：根据答句中“它真的非常轻松”可判定答语表示“我也希望”，后者与前者的所表示的内容一样时，用倒装句so+助动词+主语，且本句的时态是一般现在时态，故选D。【2011?铜仁】31. Neither my father nor my mother _ rock music. They think that its too _.A. like; noise B. likes; noise C. like; noisy D. likes; noisy答案：D【解析】考查主谓一致和词语辨析。 neither.nor.“既不，也不”，连接两个主语时，其谓语动词应与最近的一个主语在人称和数上保持一致，既就近原则。本句的谓语动词由“my mother”来决定，用likes；noise 是名词噪音，noisy是形容词：聒噪的嘈杂的，根据句意可推断应为“聒噪的嘈杂的”，故选D。【2011湖北黄冈】44. My brother and I will go to the library tomorrow._. Shall we go together?A. So I do B. So do I C. So will I D. So I will答案：C【解析】倒装句。“so+助动词+主语”表示“某人也是”。故选C。【2011上海】48. There _ still some milk in the fridge. Its not necessary to go to the store today.A) am B) is C) are D) be答案：B【解析】考查点：there be结构的临近原则。 解题思路：这是一个there be结构的句子，离系动词be最近的是不可数名词milk，故根据临近原则，正确答案选B； 教务签字： 家庭作业设计 同学 第 次课 三顾茅庐In the third century, China was divided into three kingdoms: Wei in the north, Shu in the southwest and Wu in the southeast. Shu was a weak state. The head of Shu, Liu Bei, was searching for talents everywhere