人民大学考博英语考试专项提高训练-阅读理解模拟真题精读-育明考博.pdf

中国考博辅导第一品牌中国考博辅导第一品牌 人民大学考博英语考试专项提高训练人民大学考博英语考试专项提高训练 阅读理解模拟真题精读阅读理解模拟真题精读 Exercise three Wakefield Master s Realism Moreover insofar as any interpretation of its author can be made from the five or six plays attributed to him the Wake field Master is uniformly considered to be a man of sharp contemporary observation He was formally perhaps clerically educated as his Latin and music his Biblical and patristic lore indicate He is still celebrated mainly for his quick sympathy for the oppressed and forgotten man his sharp eye for character a ready ear for colloquial vernacular turns of speech and a humor alternately rude and boisterous coarse and happy Hence despite his conscious artistry as manifest in his feeling for intricate metrical and stanza forms he is looked upon as a kind of medieval Steinbeck indignantly angry at uncompromisingly and even brutally realistic in presenting the plight of the agricultural poor Thus taking the play and the author together it is mow fairly conventional to regard the former as a kind of ultimate point in the secularization of the medieval drama Hence much emphasis on it as depicting realistically humble manners and pastoral life in the bleak hills of the West Riding of Yorkshire on a typically cold bight of December 24th After what are often regarded as almost documentaries given in the three successive monologues of the three shepherds critics go on to affirm that the realism is then intensified into a burlesque mock treatment of the Nativity Finally as a sort of epilogue or after thought in deference to the Biblical origins of the materials the play slides back into an atavistic mood of early innocent reverence Actually as we shall see the final scene is not only the culminating scene but perhaps the raison d etre of introductory realism PSPS 育明考博课程咨询方式育明考博课程咨询方式 扣扣扣扣 547 063 862 TEL547 063 862 TEL 四零零四零零 六六八六六八 六九七八六九七八 交流群交流群 105 619 820105 619 820 There is much on the surface of the present play to support the conventional view of its mood of secular realism All the same the realism of the Wakefield Master is of a paradoxical turn His wide knowledge of people as well as books indicates no cloistered contemplative but one in close relation to his times Still that life was after all a predominantly religious one a time which never neglected the belief that man was a rebellious and sinful creature in need of redemption So deeply one can hardly say naively of so sophisticated a writer and implicitly religious is the Master that he is less able or less willing to present actual history realistically than is the author of the Brome Abraham and Isaac His historical sense is even less realistic than that of Chaucer who just a few years before had done for his own time costume romances such as The Knight s Tale Troilus and Cressida etc Moreover Chaucer had the excuse of highly romantic materials for taking liberties with history 中国考博辅导第一品牌中国考博辅导第一品牌 1 Which of the following statements about the Wakefield Master is NOT True A He was Chaucer s contemporary B He is remembered as the author of five or six realistic plays C He write like John Steinbeck D HE was an accomplished artist 2 By patristic the author means A realistic B patriotic C superstitious C pertaining to the Christian Fathers 3 The statement about the secularization of the medieval drama refers to the A introduction of mundane matters in religious plays B presentation of erudite material C use of contemporary introduction of religious themes in the early days 4 In subsequent paragraphs we may expect the writer of this passage to A justify his comparison with Steinbeck B present a point of view which attack the thought of the second paragraph C point out the anachronisms in the play D discuss the works of Chaucer Vocabulary 1 clerically educated 受过教会教育的 2 lore 口头传说 口头文字 3 patristic 有关早期基督教领袖的 4 vernacular 方言 5 boisterous 喧闹的 6 metrical 韵律的 7 stanza 诗节 8 medieval 中世纪的 9 plight 悲惨的命运 10 secularization 世俗化 脱离教会 11 pastoral 乡村的 12 bleak 荒凉的 13 documentary 记录文献的 14 monologue 独白 15 burlesque 诙谐或游戏诗文的 讽刺或滑稽的 16 Nativity 基督的诞生 17 epilogue 收场白 18 deference 敬意 尊重 19 atavistic 返祖的 隔代遗传的 20 slide back to 滑回 这里指返回 21 raison d etre 存在的理由 中国考博辅导第一品牌中国考博辅导第一品牌 22 all the same 即便如此 23 paradoxical turn 自相矛盾的说法 24 cloistered 隐居的 25 contemplative 好冥想的人 如僧侣 26 the contemplative life 宗教上冥想的生涯 27 redemption 赎罪 28 mundane 世俗的 现世的 29 erudite 博学的 饱学之士 30 anachronism 时代错误 与时代不合的事物 难句译注 1 Moreover insofar as any interpretation of its author can be made from the five or six plays attributed to him the Wake field Master is uniformly considered to be a man of sharp contemporary observation 结构简析 insofar 义 只能 在 范围 常和 as 连用 Attributed 过去分 词 这里指属于韦克菲尔德大师写的剧本 参考译文 再则 就以五六本 被认为是韦克菲尔德 马斯脱所写的剧本为依据来 分析说明这位作者 他是一位公认为对时代具有敏锐洞察力的戏剧作家 写作方法和文章大意 这是一篇文学评论 评韦克菲尔德 马斯脱的戏剧 他是乔叟的同时代人 采用对 比手法 作者对比了他和别的批评家对韦评价之差异来论证韦克菲尔德本人的观点 立 场和作品的文体 语言 内容等各个方面 然后把他跟同时代人乔叟作比较 指出他的 不足 答案详解 1 C 他象斯坦贝克一样写 第一段作者说他是一位公认的对当时代具有敏锐洞察 力的作家 现在仍然享有盛名 主要在于 他对被压迫和被遗忘的人民的同情 有着对 人物性格了解的犀利眼光 对日常方言的曲折转意的 耳朵 他的幽默粗放而又喧闹 粗鲁而又愉快 因此 尽管他有意识的艺术效果 性 明显表现在他对复杂韵律和诗节 的感受力上 人们仍然尊他为中世纪的斯坦贝克 对贫苦农民悲惨命运的疾首愤怒 给 以毫不妥协地甚至野性地真实描述 这段话说明 文内两位作家之共同点是在内容观点 上 而不是指一样的艺术形式上 韦克菲尔德写的是诗歌形式 韵文 而斯坦贝克是 小说和散文剧 所以说他像斯坦贝克那样写就错了 故选 C A 他是乔叟同时代人 见最后一句 他的历史观点的现实主义稍逊于乔叟 乔叟在 几年前就为其时代写了一本传奇 B 他是作为五或六本现实之剧本的作者而为人纪 念 本文第一句话 只能从他写的五个或六个剧本来说明这位作者 D 他是一位有成 就的艺术家 2 D Patristic 义 为关于早期基督教领袖的 第一段中 his Biblical and Patristic lore indicate 的意思是 他那有关圣经和早期基督教领袖们的歌谣 A 现实主义的 B 爱国的 C 迷信的 3 A 在宗教剧中介绍世俗之事 见第二段中的 secularization 义 世俗化 脱离 教会 这一整段都讲了韦剧中对世俗之事的描述 拿剧本和作者两者一起讲的话 现在 中国考博辅导第一品牌中国考博辅导第一品牌 习惯于把他的剧本看作中世纪戏剧世俗化的一个顶点 因此 对他世俗化强调常以一个 例子来说明 即他现实主义的描述 12 月 24 日一个寒冷的夜晚 在约克郡西区荒凉的山 里的那种粗陋的习俗和乡村的生活 在常被人认为几乎是 记录文献 的三个牧人三段连 续的独白之后 批评家们继续认为他的现实主义在此时被强化到以讽刺嘲弄的口吻处理 了基督的诞生 最后 作者收场白或事后的补充 对材料的来源圣经表示敬意 剧本又 滑回到早期纯洁无邪 天真 的崇敬 一种返祖基调中去 事