B4-unit 6(1).doc

Section AActive Expressions In English, you may find some expressions formed by very common words, but they are active and powerful. Whats on at the cinema tonight? 今晚电影院上演什么？ Whats he up to? 他忙什么呢 Find out the active expressions 1. you will find, and you are also likely to avoid “procedural delays”, as he puts it. 2. The first category consists of substantial payments made for political purposes or to secure major contracts. 3. One US corporation when the company was under investigation for 4. A witness claimed that a “negotiator” who helped close a deal for 1. put state or express sth. in a particular way 2. secure obtain or achieve sth. especially using a lot of effort 3. under in the process of 4. deal transaction Eg:1. 简单地说，学英语贵在坚持。 To put it simply, to learn English well, the most important thing is to persist. 2. 汤姆流利的英语帮他获得了这份工作。 Toms fluent English helped him secure the job. 3. 他感到他仍然受到怀疑。He felt he was still under suspicion. 4. 我们一言为定。Lets make it a deal.Focus Study1. Suppose that during a negotiation with some government officials, the Minister of Trade. suppose (that)= what would/will happen if Eg:假如你发现了你自己的同事受贿，你会不会无动于衷呢？ Suppose you found out that your colleague takes bribes, would you just ignore it? 假如你吸烟吸得很厉害并想戒掉这个习惯，你从哪里可以得到帮助呢？ Suppose you are a very heavy smoker and are anxious to break the habit, where could you get help? 2. It is easy to talk about having high moral standards but, in practice, what would one really do in such a situation? it is + adj. + to do / that clause It is difficult to resist the impression that Is it possible to devise a code of rules Eg:了解不同的文化和生活方式是很有趣的。 It is interesting to see different cultures and ways of life. 她拒绝和你说话真是令人吃惊。 It is really astonishing that she refuses to talk to you.3.The sales manager, who was quick-witted, replied, “my company”. quick-witted = adj. + n. ed 是复合形容词More examples: cold-blooded; hot-tempered;open-minded; red-eyed. Eg:他是个热心人，总是给朋友提供帮助。 He is a warm-hearted person and always offers help to his friends. 他证明自己是一位机智聪明的谈判者。 He proved himself a quick-witted negotiator.Word Using1. bribery n. the acting of giving or taking bribes Eg:He was jailed on charges of bribery. Numerous officials get involved in the bribery scandal. 许多官员与这桩受贿丑闻有牵连。2. ethics n. (pl.) moral rules or principles 道德 (sing.) science that deals with moral 伦理学3. on the increase = increasing Eg:Crime is on the increase. 据统计，中国上半年的GDP持增长势头。 It is estimated that Chinas GDP is on the increase in the first half year.4. substantial adj. large enough to be satisfactory Eg:Reform and opening up have yielded substantial results. 改革开放取得了丰硕成果。 5. stand by 1) to remain loyal to, esp. in a difficult situation; 2) to remain faithful to a promise, agreement; 3) to remain inactive when action is needed. Eg:His parents stood by him during his years in prison. I stand by what I said earlier. How can you stand by and do nothing when she needs help?6. accuse sb. of sth. to charge sb. with doing wrong or breaking the law Eg:He was accused of murder. 这份报告控告政府的失职。 The report accused the government of shirking its responsibilities.7. hit upon to think of an idea unexpectedly Eg:She hit upon the perfect title for her new novel. We finally hit upon a solution.我们终于找到了解决方法。8. amount to to be equal in quantity or in meaning Eg:Our debts amount to over $1000. What does his reply mean?=His reply amounts to a refusal/approval9. behave oneself to act in a way that people think is correct or proper Eg:He is now 20, its time that he started behaving himself. 我希望孩子们规矩点。 他现在二十岁了，该是规矩行事的时候了。 I hope the children behave themselves.10. square with to make two ideas, facts agree with each other; to agree or to be consistent with another idea, fact Eg:His statement doesnt square with the facts. They have tried to persuade me to join them, but I cant square it with my Conscience. 他们极力劝说我和他们一起干，但是我没办法违背自己的良心。Old to New pay money pay up Secretly in private make sth. move quickly speed up Doubtful questionable cant get out of be caught in carry out enforce be made up of consist ofChinese to English 帐户 bank account否认指控 reject charges 撤销 withdraw 某种形式 one kind or another 赞同，支持 in support of / favor 一大笔钱 a large sum of money资助 finance完成交易 close a deal禁止 ban 区分 distinguish between and 贪赃枉法 on the takeSection BActive Expressionsoff turning away fromnot but instead of take up to fill or use (space or time)either or unavoidably choose between only two possibilities Eg:1.我的房子就离大路50英里远。 My house is only 50 miles off the main road. 2.这不是道歉的问题，而是尊严的问题。 Its not a matter of apology, but dignity. 3.对不起，我占用你太多时间了。 Im sorry, I take up too much of your time. 4.要不你说对不起，要不你就出去。 Either say youre sorry or get out. Focus Study1. Provided the spray is washed away with water, recovery should be complete within a couple of hours. provided / providing = if / if only Eg:要是公车没误点，他应该就要到家了。 He should be home soon provided (providing) the buses havent been held up. 如果没人反对，我们就开始议程里的第三项。 Provided (that) there are no objections, well begin with Item Three on the agenda.2. This picture of a policemans lot could be repeated in many other parts of Britain, yet the police sb.s lot: someones general situation in life e.g. Im happy with my lot. 我对自己的命运很满意。 I would not want to share his lot.我不想有他那样的命运。3. In future, if you want to know what time it is, there might not be much point asking a policeman.There is no point (in) doing做没有意义 Eg:生气是没有用的。 There is no point (in) getting angry. 跟他争辩是没有用的，他是不会听你的。 There is no point arguing with him. He will not listen to you.Word Using1. crop up to appear or happen suddenly or unexpectedly Eg:在我们今后的工作中还可能出现类似的问题。 Similar problems may crop up in our future work. 2. lethal adj. able to kill people or destroy things deadly, fatal A hammer can be a lethal weapon. Her death is due to a lethal dose of a drug.3. up to scratch good enough for a particular standard Eg：钢琴手要天天练习才能保持高水平。A pianist has to practice everyday to keep up to scratch.4. be on the wrong end of to suffer the bad effects of sth. Eg: 他们必须再次承担宣传活动失败的不利结果。 They are once again on the wrong end of a publicity campaign. 5. throw up to produce sth. new or unexpected Eg:这些研究已经产生了一些有趣的结果。 Theyre throwing up new housing estates all over the place. These studies have already thrown up some interesting results. 他们在这个地方建了很多住宅区。6. in favor in support of sb. or sth. Eg:Are you in favor of exam-oriented education or quality-oriented education? Im in favor of the former / latter because7. knife-resistant adj. not being easily damaged or affected by a knife Eg:Most police now are equipped with knife-resistant coats and helmets. water-resistant 防水的 shock-resistant 防震的