湖北省武汉市高考英语一轮完形填空和阅读理解选练（5）.doc

湖北省武汉市2016高考英语一轮完形填空和阅读理解选练（5） 完形填空。阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项a、b、c和d中，选出最佳答案。 when i was young, my parents ran a snack bar in our small town. one evening in early april, my mother told me to fill in at the snack bar 1 a worker who had the flu. i told her i would mess it up, 2 i had never worked at the bar before. i 3 that instead of making money, i would end up owing it. “you can do it,” said my mother, “ 4 , you wont get much business until lunch.” “but ill never remember the orders, and im no good 5 money. please, mom, dont 6 me. “then ill help you,” she said. i shrugged my shoulders. i thought my mothers 7 was a bad one, but i 8 . when i got to the bar the next day, i found my mother was 9 . because the weather that day was rainy and cold, people wanted hot snacks and drinks. 10 , i was really slow at taking the orders and making change. the line of people grew, and everybody seemed 11 , i was so nervous that my hands shook, and i 12 a cup into pieces. what a mess! then my mother came to 13 me, and she also showed me how to make 14 . if someone gave me $ 5 for something that cost $ 3.25, i handed over 15 quarters and a dollar and said, “75 cents makes four dollars, plus one dollar makes five.” things went more 16 after that. by the end of the day, i could remember orders, 17 the bill, and make change quickly with a smile. i was even a little 18 when the sun came out and dried up business. my mother said she was proud of me, and when she 19 that i work at the snack bar again next year, i did not even shrug. i was too busy 20 the restaurant i would open one day. ( ) 1. a. to b. for c. after d. over( ) 2. a. because b. though c. until d. while( ) 3. a. promised b. noticed c. worried d. hoped( ) 4. a. therefore b. however c. besides d. yet( ) 5. a. of b. on c. about d. with( ) 6. a. blame b. fool c. frighten d. make( ) 7. a. idea b. bar c. day d. answer( ) 8. a. guessed b. obeyed c. begged d. admitted( ) 9. a. angry b. sad c. worry d. ashamed( ) 10. a. at least b. at last c. at most d. at first ( ) 11. a. surprised b. impolite c. pleased d. impatient( ) 12. a. damaged b. destroyed c. broke d. ruined ( ) 13. a. scold b. help c. beat d. save( ) 14. a. money b. lunch c. coffee d. change( ) 15. a. two b. three c. four d. five( ) 16. a. smoothly b. fairly c. simply d. conveniently ( ) 17. a. turn in b. count out c. take over d. add up ( ) 18. a. discouraged b. disturbed c. disappointed d. distrusted ( ) 19. a. thought b. stated c. announced d. suggested ( ) 20. a. imagining b. preparing c. examining d. describing 120: baccd, dabcd, dcbdb, adcda注：1. fill infor sb.意为：临时替代某人 2. 因为我以前没有做过，所以我会搞砸的。 3. 我担心不是赚钱，而是亏本。 4. 母亲说：你能行的，况且要到中午才有生意 5. good with 意为：在。方面有本事。也就是说作者做买卖不太会算数。 6. 本句意思应该是：别让我去做吧。为省略句，dont make me do it. 7. 作者认为母亲要他去替班不是一个好主意。其他意义和搭配都不通。 8. 虽然觉得不好，但还是听从了母亲的安排。 9. 次日我到店里时，发现完全不是母亲所说的“要到中午才有生意”，下一句说明生意红火，所以说“母亲错了”。 10. 因为初来上班，没有经验，所以，开始的时候，应付不过来。at (the) least至少，at last 终于，at (the) most至多 11. 从上下文可知：购买的队伍越来越长，而我有业务不熟，动作缓慢，所以等待的人群好像不耐烦了。其他语义不通。 12. break sth. into pieces 把。摔得粉碎。其他词没这个搭配。 13. 母亲看到我手忙脚乱，便过来帮我。 14. 根据下句及52空后，这里应该是母亲还教我怎么找零钱.注意：make change (for) 是找零钱的意思，make a change 是做出更改的意思。make money赚钱， make coffee 冲咖啡，和上下文无关。 15. 因为53.5=1.75, 所以要找对方的钱数恰好就是：30.25（quarter）+1=1.75 16. 自那以后，事情就更加顺利了。go smoothly进展顺利 17. add up bill 把帐清理好（加起来），turn in 上缴、上交，count out不把。计算在内， take over移交，这些表达都和上下文不连贯，本句是说明作者一天下来学到了很多东西：菜单记得了，打单、找零都很快了。 18. 对于没开始做生意的作者来说，没有生意当然好（所以母亲开始给作者打气时就说“要到中午才有生意”）免得出错。但一天下来，作者已是熟练了，所以，当太阳出来，生意差了时，他甚至感到有点沮丧。discouraged指遇到困难等事（气馁），disturbed受到扰乱 19. 只有suggest的从句才用(should) do,其他没有这种结构。 20. 对未来的想象【阅读理解】社会生活类in 1986，when carlo petrini first coined the term “slow food，” he organized locally in his native italy to preserve the food and wine culture and protest fast food. today, slow food has spread to 132 countries with over 85, 000 members, addressing worldwide issues like farmer equity and environmental_stewardshipthe actions people take to respect the rights of all living things and all environments, to contribute to healthy and livablecommunities.characterized by slow food international as “good, clean, and fair food，” slow food must enrich the eaters life，have no negative impact on human or environmental health，and compensatefairly for food producers work.the average american meal travels about 1,500 miles to its final destination, with producing of food traveling by plane from overseas and other items shipped across the country. however，cost for food travel and heavy processing are not the only problems in the foodindustry that the environment faces. industrial agriculture also has unsustainable practices likeinefficient water use and decreased biodiversity. our ideas in feeding ourselves are exceptional,but at various points our technologies come into conflict with natures ways of doing things. a great many of the health and environmental problems created by our food system owe to our attempts tooversimplify natures complexities, at both the growing and the eating ends of our food chain. “slowing” food, by purchasing locally and sustainably, allows consumers to reduce theimpact of “food miles” and develop a closer relationship with their food producers.“ we need tochange our food system，” said david prior, organizer of slow food nation eatin. “our currentfood system is sick and we need to support farmers and agriculture to ensure that everyone has theright to nutritious food.”1the main idea of the passage can be summarized as_.awhy slow food is so important bthe food and wine culture is rich in italycwhat youre eating always travels a long way dslow food makes the current food system sick 2according to the second paragraph, “environmental stewardship”refers to_.ameasures of environmental protectionsbways to establish healthy and livable communitiescpeoples admiration for all the creatures on the earth dactions to protect the rights of all living things and environment3slow foods characteristic doesnt lie in_.aimproving the quality of eaters lifebproviding a fair pay for food workerscbeing friendly to human and environmental health ddeveloping a loose relationship with food producers4what is david priors attitude towards current food system? asuspicious. bunsatisfied. cindifferent. dsupportive.【要点综述】本文的作者告诉我们，如果想吃得更健康、更营养，那就提倡“慢食物”吧！1a主旨大意题。本文主要探讨“慢食物”的重要性，以及“慢食物”给人们带来的好处，故答案选a项。2d细节理解题。从第二段中的“environmental stewardshipthe actions people take to respect the rights of all living things and all environments”可知，环境管理(environmental stewardship)的内容就是“破折号”后的解释，即“人们尊重所有生物和环境的权利的行动”，故d项正确。3d细节理解题。从第三段可知，“慢食物运动”的特色就在于改善饮食者的饮食质量；不对人类健康和环境卫生产生副作用；给食物供应商以合理的报酬。d项则没有提到，故答案选d项。4b推理判断题。从最后一段david prior所说的话可知，他认为当前的食物系统很糟糕，需要改进，所以他的态度应该是不满意的(unsatisfied)。a项表示“怀疑的”；c项表示“漠不关心的”；d项表示“支持的”，都不符合语境。阅读理解。as the railroads and the highways shaped the american west in the past centuries, a new electrical generating（发电）and transmission（输送）system for the 21stcentury will leave a lasting mark on the west, for better or worse. much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. the same is true of big solar pants and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.the 19th century saw land grants（政府拨地）offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads ,leaving public land in between privately owned land . in much of the west ,some of the railroad sections were developed while others remained undeveloped ,and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management, with the completion or the interstate highway system ,many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well ,have lost their lifeblood and died .big solar plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the west .this is not an argument against building then ,we need alternative energy badly .and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now .so trade-offs will have to be made .some scenic sport will be sacrificed .some species (物种)will be forced to move ,or will be carefully moved to special accommodations ,deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects .the lasting effects of these trade-offs are another matter .the 21st century development of the american west as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money to do a lot of good .but it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like the railroad and the highway.the money set aside in negotiated trade offs and the institution that control will shape the west far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines .so lets remember the effects of the railroad and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the west .( ) 1.what was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?a. small towns along the railways became abandoned.b. some railroad stops remained.c. land in the west was hard to manage.d. land grants went into private hands.( ) 2. what is the major concern in the development of alternative energy according to the last two paragraphs?a. the transmission of power b. the use of money and power c. the conservation of solar energy d. the selection of an ideal place ( ) 3.what is the authors attitude towards building solar plants?a. cautious b. approving c. doubtful d. disapproving ( ) 4.which is the best title for the passage?a. how the railways have affected the west b. how solar energy could reshape the west c. how the effects of power plants can be reduced d. how the problems of the highways have been settled【文章大意】说明文。文章说明的是一种新的太阳能电力系统是如何或好或坏的影响美国西部地区的。1.答案c。细节理解题。由文章第二段in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management ,with the completion or the interstate highway system可知。2.答案b。细节理解题。由文章alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money to do a lot of good和文章最后两段内容可以看出。3. a 态度题，作者由铁路和高速公路在西部建设过程中出现的好的和坏的影响来说明solar plants 在西部建设也会出现同样的问题。他是担心的caution4. b 主旨大意题。文章说明的是一种新的太阳能电力系统是如何或好或坏的影响美国西部地区的。太阳能电力系统会重塑美国西部。阅读理解。in the animal kingdom, weakness can bring about aggression in other animal. this sometimes happens with humans also. but i have found that my weakness brings out the kindness in people. i see it every day when people hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat. and i have discovered that it makes them happy.from my wheelchair experience, i see the best in people, but sometimes i feel sad because those who appear independent miss the kindness i see daily. they dont get to see this soft side of others. often, we try every way possible to avoid showing our weakness, which includes a lot of pretending. but only when we stop pretending were brave or strong do we allow people to show the kindness thats in them.last month, when i was driving home on a busy highway, i began to feel unwell and drove more slowly than usual. people behind me began to get impatient and angry, with some speeding up alongside me, horning (按喇叭) or even shouting at me. at the moment i decided to do something i had never done in twenty-four years of driving. i put on the car flashlights and drove on at a really low speed.no more angry shouts and no more horns!when i put on my flashlights, i was saying to other drivers, “i have a problem here. i am weak and doing the best i can.” and everyone understood. several times, i saw drivers who wanted to pass. they couldnt get around me because of the stream of passing traffic. but instead of getting impatient and angry, they waited, knowing the driver in front of them was in some way weak.sometimes situations call for us to act strong and brave even when we dont feel that way. but those are few and far between. more often, it would be better if we dont pretend we feel strong when we feel weak or pretend that we are brave when we are scared.( ) 1. the author has discovered th