湖北省黄冈市高考英语一轮 阅读理解精品训练题（4）（含解析）.doc

黄冈市2014高考英语一轮（精品）阅读理解训练题（4）附解析 about ten men in every hundred suffer from color blindness in some way. women are luckier，only about one in two hundred is affected in this matter. perhaps，after all，it is safer to be driven by a woman.there are different forms of color blindness. in some cases a man may not be able to see deep red. he may think that red，orange and yellow are all shades of green. sometimes a person cannot tell the difference between blue and green. in rare cases an unlucky man see everything in shades of greena strange world indeed.color blindness in human beings is a strange thing to explain. in a single eye there are millions of very small things called “cones”these help us see in a bright day and tell the difference between colors. there are also millions of “rods”， but these are used for seeing when it is nearly dark. they show us shape but no color. some insects have favorite colors. mosquitoes(蚊子) like blue but do not like yellow. a red light will not attract insects，but a blue lamp will. in a similar way human beings also have favorite colors. yet we are lucky. with the aid of the cones in our eyes we can see many beautiful colors by day，and with the aid of the rods we can see shapes at night. one day we may even learn more about the invisible colors around us.60. this passage is mainly about _.a. color and its surprising effects b. women being luckier than menc. danger caused by color blindness d. color blindness61. according to the passage，with the help of the “cones”，we can _.a. tell different colors b. see in weak lightc. tell different shapes d. tell orange from yellow62. why do some people say it is safer to be driven by women?a. women are more careful. b. there are fewer colorblind women.c. women are fonder of driving than men. d. women are weaker but quicker in thinking.参考答案60-d a b *结束a(2011福建卷，a)driving a car is not just handling controls and judging speed and distance.it requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.when alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depresant (抑制药)，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination (协调)，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected.alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice.to get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.the present road traffic ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is：50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of blood；or22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath；or67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of uriue (尿液)drivers who cause traffic accidents，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.any driver found drinking beyond the limit will be charged.the driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of hk $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 drivingoffence points；or temporarily banned from driving.the same punishment applies to failing to provide speeimens(样本) for breath，blood or urine tests without good excuse.drink driving is a criminal offence.be a responsible driver，think before you drink. for the safety of yourself and other road users，never drive after consuming alcohol. 本文主要讲述酒后驾车的危害，对酒驾的惩罚等，呼吁人们为了自身和他人的健康，一定不要酒后驾车。1the first paragraph is mainly about_.athe introductions of driving skillsbthe damage of drinking to your bodycthe effect of drinking on drivingdthe process of alcohol being absorbed答案：c。主旨大意题。由第一段的“it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.”可知，本段主要讲述酒后驾车的影响，故c项正确。2the underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “_”aalcohol babsorptioncblood dprocess答案：d。词义猜测题。由前半句“to get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process”，可知，后半句表示“采取像淋浴或者是喝杯茶，咖啡等的措施来加速这个过程是不可能的”故it指代process，d项正确。3which of the following is true according to the passage?adrinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.balcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.chaving a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.d50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit.答案：b。细节理解题。由第二段中“absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice”可知b项正确。4a driver suspected of drink driving_.ashould provide specimens for testingbwill be forbidden to drive for 3 yearscwill be punished for 10 drivingoffence pointsdshould pay a maximum fine of hk$25,000答案：a。细节理解题。由文章信息“drivers who cause traffic accidents ，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested”可知a项正确。b(2011安徽卷，b)think about the different ways that people use the wind. you can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. wind is one of our cleanest and richest power sources (来源), as well as one of the oldest. evidence shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient iran back in the seventh century bc. they were first introduced to europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the middle east with knowledge of using wind power.for many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. this allowed them to have electric lights and radio. however, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the united states, windmills were rarely used.during the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. people also realized that the supply of coal and gas would not last forever. then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.风能早在公元前七世纪就开始被人们用风车所利用，当人们发明了电以后，风能被用来发电，但随着电的广泛使用，风车逐渐不被人们使用了。而进入二十世纪七十年代后，人们又逐渐认识到了风能的优势。5from the text we know that windmills _.a. were invented by european armiesb. have a history of more than 2,800 yearsc. used to supply power to radio in remote areasd. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered答案：c。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除a项；公元前七世纪到现在应是不足2800年，故排除b项；由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排除d项，同时也能知道c项是正确的。6what was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?a. sailing a boat. b. producing electricity.c. grinding wheat into flour.d. pumping water from underground.答案：b。细节理解题。由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期人们发现了电以后，住在偏远地区的人们开始用风车发电”。7one of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s is that _.a. wind power is cleanerb. it is one of the oldest power sourcesc. it was cheaper to create energy from windd. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs答案：a。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知。8what would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?a. the advantages of wind power.b. the design of wind power plants.c. the worldwide movement to save energy.d. the global trend towards producing power from wind.答案：d。推理判断题。文章最后一句话“如今，出现了一个全球化的运动，要通过风能的利用来提供越来越多的电力”，表明作者会就这个话题继续展开。(2011陕西卷，b)most people know that marie curie was the first woman to win the nobel prize, and the first person to win it twice. however, few people know that she was also the mother of a nobel prize winner.born in september, 1897, irene curie was the first of the curies two daughters. along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, irene studied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. she finished her high school education at the college of svign in paris.irene entered the university of paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. when world war i began, irene went to help her mother, who was using xray facilities(设备) to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.irene continued the work by developing xray facilities in military hospitals in france and belgium. her services were recognised in the form of a military medal by the french government.in 1918, irene became her mothers assistant at the curie institute. in december 1924, frederic joliot joined the institute, and irene taught him the techniques required for his work. they soon fell in love and were married in 1926. their daughter helene was born in 1927 and their son pierre five years later.like her mother, irene combined family and career. like her mother, irene was awarded a nobel prize, along with her husband, in 1935. unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity(辐射能). irene joliotcurie died from leukemia on march 17, 1956.本文是一篇人物介绍。介绍居里夫人大女儿irene curie的一生。5why was irene curie awarded a military medal?abecause she received a degree in mathematics.bbecause she contributed to saving the wounded.cbecause she won the nobel prize with frederic.dbecause she worked as a helper to her mother.答案：b。细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，第一次世界大战开始后，irene帮助母亲救助伤员，法国政府以军功章的形式表示对她的贡献的认可。所以选择b项。6where did irene curie meet her husband frederic joliot?aat the curie institute. bat the university of paris.cat a military hospital. dat the college of svign.答案：a。推理判断题。文章第四段说：在1918年，irene在居里夫人研究院成为母亲的助手，1924年12月frederic joliot加入了该研究院，irene教给他该项工作要求的技术，不久他们相爱了并于1926年结婚，由此可推断出c项正确。7when was the second child of irene curie and frederic joliot born?ain 1932. bin 1927. cin 1897. din 1926.答案：a。细节理解题。第四段最后一句表明：他们第一个孩子于1927年出生，5年后(1932年)第二个孩子出生，所以a项正确。8in which of the following aspects was irene cuire different from her mother?airene worked with radioactivity.birene combined family and career.cirene won the nobel prize once. direne died from leukemia.答案：c。推理判断题。纵观全文可知，irene在“与放射性物质打交道/把家庭与事业相结合/死于leukemia”这三方面与母亲相同，不同的是irene获得一次诺贝尔奖，母亲两次。 (2011辽宁卷，c)many people believe henry ford invented the automobile (汽车)but henry ford did not start to build his first car until 1896.that was eleven years after two germans developed the worlds first automobile.many people believe henry ford invented the production line that moved a cars parts to the worker，instead of making the worker move to the parts.that is not true，either.many factory owners used methods of this kind before ford.what henry ford did was to use other peoples ideas and make them better.and he made the whole factory a moving production line.in the early days of the automobile，almost every car maker raced his cars.it was the best way of gaining public notice.henry ford decided to build a racing car.fords most famous race was his first one.it was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.the race was in 1901，at a field near detroit.all of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left：the winton and fords.the winton was famous for its speed.most people thought the race was over before it began.the winton took an early lead.but halfway through the race, it began to lose power.ford started to gain.and near the end of the race, he took the lead.ford won the race and defeated the winton.his name appeared in newspapers and he became wellknown all over the united states.within weeks of the race, henry ford formed a new automobile company.in 1903, a doctor in detroit bought the first car from the company.that_sale was the beginning of henry fords dream.ford said: “i will build a motor car for the great mass of people.it will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and care for.it will be built of the best materials.it will be built by the best men to be employed.and it will be built with the simplest plans that modern engineering can produce.it will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one.”the model t was a car of that kind.it only cost $850.it was a simple machine that drivers could depend on.doctors bought the model tso did farmers.even criminals. t