石油大学科技英语(1).doc

科技英语请注意：本学期您只有一次在线考试机会，请慎重做答和提交！01:29:51单项选择题第1题 Beware of the forged notes, many of which are _D_ now. 本题3分A、in returnB、in consequenceC、in turnD、in circulation第2题 i wish i could _A_ this cold; its been hanging about for two r three days now. 本题3分A、get rid ofB、make up forC、put up withD、get along with第3题 The police are trying to find out the _D_ of the woman killed in the traffic accident. 本题3分A、evidenceB、proofC、statusD、identity第4题 success in establishing a good night-time routine leads to increased confidence nd happiness all round, making all the hard work well _ the effort. 本题3分A、worthB、worthwhileC、worthlessD、worthy第5题 As parts of the world become _B_, millions of people will try to migrate to more _ areas. 本题3分A、hospitable uninhabitableB、uninhabitable hospitableC、habitable inhospitableD、inhospitable uninhabitable第6题 A(n) _C_ is someone who is being considered for a position, for example someone who is running in an election or applying for a job. 本题3分A、astronomerB、scientistC、candidateD、researcher第7题 There are scientific satellites in _B_ that measure wave heights, but too few to give reliable worldwide coverage. 本题3分A、totalB、orbitC、storeD、particular第8题 The first-year courses provide short introductions to these areas, while the second-year courses _B_ the areas in greater depth. 本题3分A、classifyB、investigateC、clarifyD、examine第9题 Their marriage was in danger of breaking up last year but it seems quite _D_ now. 本题3分A、favorableB、criticalC、profitableD、stable第10题 If individuals are awakened each time as they began a dream phase of sleep, they are likely to become irritable even if their total amount of sleep has been _B_. 本题3分A、efficientB、sufficientC、deficientD、proficient第11题 Their government always looks at problems from the financial viewpoint, and the social _ is never considered. 本题3分A、respectB、prospectC、aspectD、retrospect第12题 Ones appearance does not always _B_ with his quality, so dont judge people by looks. 本题3分A、compareB、coincideC、collideD、content第13题 we work best in a peaceful nd comfortable _B_ so as to increase our productivity nd relieve our exhaustion. 本题3分A、paceB、atmosphereC、rhythmD、hemisphere第14题The new _B_ of this dictionary has not been in yet, but its appearance has arod quite a lot of attention.本题3分A、visionB、versionC、provisionD、verification第15题 we seem to be driven to find what we _D_ as “the missing piece” in our lives as if we are flawed, r not good enough. 本题3分A、achieveB、receiveC、deceiveD、perceive阅读理解题第16题 Geology is a natural science. with it men can discover all kinds of useful minerals. geology studies the earth. but of the three spheres, the atmosphere, the hydrosphere nd the lithosphere, it only directly studies the lithosphere. it studies the composition nd distribution of material in the earths crust. it studies also the formation, changes nd development of rocks nd minerals in the earths crust. Geology is a very complex science. there are many branches in geology. mineralogy is the science of the minerals. petrology is the science of the rocks. geomorphology deals with rigin of landscapes nd changes in them. historical geology traces the evolution nd development of the earth nd of the animals nd plants on it. stratigraphy studies the sequence of the rocks in the earths crust. paleontology deals with the ancient animals nd plants. these are just a few of the most important branches of geology. Geology is a very important science. we depend upon geology for the discovery of mineral deposits needed by the various industries. a lot of minerals are used as fuel nd raw materials. without them industrialization is impossible. minerals are also used as fertilizers in agriculture. china is very rich in mineral deposits of all kinds. the study of geology will help us to discover them. Petroleum occurs widely in the earth as gas, liquid, semisolid, r solid, r in more than one of these states at a single place. chemically any petroleum is an extremely complex mixture of hydrocarbon (hydrogen nd carbon) compounds, with minor amounts of nitrogen, oxygen, nd sulfur as impurities. liquid petroleum, which is called crude oil to distinguish it rom refined oil, is the most important commercially. it consists chiefly of the liquid hydrocarbons, with varying amounts of dissolved gases, bitumens, nd impurities. Petroleum gas, commonly called natural gas to distinguish it rom manufactured gas, consists of the lighter paraffin hydrocarbons, of which the most abundant is methane gas (ch4). the semisolid nd solid forms of petroleum consist of the heavy hydrocarbons nd bitumens. Geology plays an important role in the search for oil nd natural gas. four prerequisites are necessary for oil (and gas) to accumulate in commercial quantities in an area: (1) the oil riginates in a source bed, nd a marine shale, once a black mud rich in rganic compounds, is thought to be a common source rock. (2) the oil then migrates to a permeable reservoir rock, nd to do this it may travel for long distances both vertically nd horizontally. oil cannot move through the tiny openings of the shale source beds rapidly enough to be extracted profitably. (3) a nonpermeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed. since oil is lighter than water, it tends to move upward through openings nd cracks until it encounters impervious beds that it cannot penetrate. the oil may then accumulate beneath the impervious layers. some gas occurs in solution within the oil, nd if enough is present it separates out to occupy the uppermost region of such a trap. (4) a favorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil nd anticlines, salt plugs, nd faults are common examples. a fault zone may itself be impervious, r faulting may have shifted an impervious bed so that it now blocks a reservoir bed. stratigraphic traps tend to be more difficult to locate nd may form here tilted reservoir beds are overlain unconformably by impervious layers r here the reservoir beds become thinner up-dip nd wedge out within enclosing impervious beds. thus oil that was once distributed in sparse amounts throughout a very large volume of rock may now be richly concentrated within the uppermost portions of favorable reservoir rocks. The task of the geologist is the location of promising structures in regions here rocks are favorable for the occurrence of the other prerequisites. drilling a hole is then the only known method of determining whether r not oil is present in the structure.本题15分11 What is mainly dealt with in the passage? CA、The formation of oil.B、The formation of rocks.C、The general introduction of geology.D、The roles of geology in finding oil.22 Geology is a natural science nd it does not study_. DA、the minerals in the earths crustB、the rocks in the earths crustC、the evolution nd development of the earthD、the origin of the atmosphere surrounding the earth33 One prerequisite for oil to accumulate in quantity is that the oil originates in _. AA、a source rockB、a black mudC、the seawaterD、organic compounds44 In the formation of oil, a nonpermeable layer above a reservoir bed is necessary because it can _. BA、accelerate the travel speed of the oilB、hinder the oil to move upwardC、help the oil to move upwardD、help people to discover the oil55 Which of the following statements is TRUE? BA、Drilling a hole is one of the methods of determining if oil existsB、A geologist usually tries to locate promising structures in the regionsC、An unfavorable structure must exist to concentrate the oil.D、 A permeable layer must occur above a reservoir bed.第17题 If you were to begin a new job tomorrow, you would bring with you some basic strengths and weaknesses. Success or (1) in your work would (2) , to a great extent, (3) your ability to use your strengths and weaknesses to the best (4) Of the utmost importance is your attitude. A person (5) begins a job, being convinced that he isnt going to like it or (6) that he is going to fail, is exhibiting a weakness which can only hinder（阻碍） his success. On the other hand, a person who is secure in his (7) that he is probably as capable (8) doing the work as anyone else and who is willing to make a cheerful attempt (9) it possesses a certain strength of purpose. The chances are that he will do well. (10) the prerequisite （必须的） skills for a particular job is strength. Lacking those skills is obviously a weakness. A bookkeeper who cant add or a carpenter who cant cut a straight line with a saw (11) hopeless cases. This book has been designed to help you capitalize (12) the strength and (13) the weakness that you bring to the job of learning. But in group to measure your development, you must first (14) stock of where you stand now. (15) we get further along in the book, well be (16) in some detail with specific processes for developing and strengthening (17) skills. However, (18) begin with, you should (19) to examine your present strengths and weaknesses in three areas that are critical to your success or failure in school: your (20) , your reading and communication skills, and your study habits.本题25分11 第一题选项 CA、improvementB、victoryC、failureD、achievement22 第二题选项 AA、dependB、presentC、separateD、interact33 第三题选项 BA、inB、onC、ofD、to44 第四题选项 B A、excessB、advantageC、necessityD、productivity55 第五题选项 A A、whoB、whatC、thatD、which66 第六题选项 C A、ensureB、assureC、sureD、surely77 第七题选项 D A、versionB、balanceC、patternD、belief88 第八题选项 C A、toB、atC、ofD、for99 第九题选项 D A、nearB、onC、byD、at1010 第十题选项 C A、HaveB、HadC、HavingD、Had been1111 第十一题选项 D A、beingB、beenC、areD、is1212 第十二题选项 D A、exceptB、butC、forD、on1313 第十三题选项 B A、overhearB、overcomeC、overtakeD、overlook1414 第十四题选项 B A、makeB、takeC、doD、give1515 第十五题选项 B A、AsB、TillC、OverD、Out1616 第十六题选项 D A、treatedB、treatingC、dealtD、dealing1717 第十七题选项 C A、learntB、learnedC、learningD、learn1818 第十八题选项 B A、aroundB、toC、fromD、beside1919 第十九题选项 A A、pauseB、tendC、affordD、devote2020 第二十题选项 CA、strengthB、statusC、attitudeD、weakness第18题extensive new studies suggest that the world has made extraordinary progress in reducing poverty in recent decades. the research suggests that the pace of economic progress has been rapid nd continued for decades, built on the foundations of relative political stability, rising trade, nd economic liberalization(自由化)after two world wars. one new study, published recently by the institute for international economics in washington, find that the proportion of the 6.1 billion people in the world who live on $1 a day r less shrank rom 63 percent in 1950 to 35 percent in 1980 nd 12 percent in 1999. by some other measures, the progress has been mre modest. still, economists agree that poverty has plunged in key nations such as india nd especially china, thanks to slowing population growth as well as economic freedom. this is a huge success fr the wrld as a whole, says harvard university economist richard cooper. we are doing something right.the news comes as the wrld bank is about to open its annual meeting in washington-an event that has been troubled in recent years by protests that the bank nd its sister institution, the international monetary fund(imf, 国际货币组织), have done too little fr the wrlds por. the new economic research will not put an end to that dispute. vast populations remain por, nd many still question the wisdom of wrld bank policies. nonetheless, the research findings are helpful to understand what policies should be followed by those institutions nd hundreds of other development groups wrking very hard to hasten the pace of wrld economic progress. if dramatic gains are under way, the present policies-calling fr open markets, free business activities nd tight monetary control-are wrking nd crrect.but critics of imf nd wrld bank policies maintain that such economic success stries as japan, china, south krea nd singapre are rooted in mre than just free markets. these nations have