湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练（1）.doc

湖南省张家界市2016高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练（1）阅读理解。阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(a、b、c 和 d)中,选出最佳选项。one morning more than thirty years ago, i entered the track kitchen, a restaurant where everyone from the humblest(卑微的) to the most powerful came for breakfast. i noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man, who looked somewhat disheveled. he was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone. i asked if i might join him. he agreed quietly and i sat down to have my breakfast. we cautiously began a conversation and spoke about a wide rang of things. we never introduced ourselves. i was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat. so as i rose to go back to the counter and buy a second cup of coffee, i asked, my i get you something? a coffee would be nice. then i bought him a cup of coffee. we talked more, and he accepted another cup of coffee, finally, i rose to leave, wished him well, and headed for the exit. at the door i met one of my friends. he asked, how did you get to know mr. gal breath? who? the man you were sitting with. he is chairman of the board of churchill downs. i could hardly believe it. i was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the worlds richest and most powerful men! my few minutes with mr. gal breath changed my life. now i try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who i think they are, and to meet another human being with kindness and sincerity. ( ) 1. what does the underlined word disheveled mean? a. unfriendly. b. untidy. c. gentle. d. kind. ( ) 2. the author bought coffee for the old man because a. he thought the old man was poor b. he wanted to start a conversation c. he intended to show his politeness d. he would like to thank the old man ( ) 3. how did the author probably feel after he talked with his friend? a. proud. b. pitiful. c. surprised. d. regretful ( ) 4. what is the message mainly expressed in the story? a. we should learn to be generous. b. it is honorable to help those in need. c. people in high positions are not like what we expect. d. we should avoid judging people by their appearances. 【语篇解读】 本文讲述了我在吃早点的时候遇到一个看起来穿着邋遢的老人, 并且帮助 他买了一杯咖啡,事后得知他是最富有的 mr. gal breath,旨在告诉我们不要以貌取人. 1. 答案 b 【解析】猜测词义题.由上文中的 i noticed an empty chair next to an elderly, unshaven man 何 下文中的 he was wearing a worn-out hat and was alone.可知 disheveled 在这儿是指仪容不整, 穿着邋遢的意思.所以答案选 b 项. 2. 答案a 【解析】 细节理解题. 根据文中 i was concerned that he might have no money and not be able to afford something to eat.可以判断选 a 项. 3. 答案 c 【解析】推理判断题.根据 i could hardly believe it. i was buying, offering a free breakfast, and feeling pity for one of the worlds richest and most powerful men!可知, 作者在他朋友告诉他 那个老人是 mr. gal breath 之后感到很吃惊.由此判断选 c 项. 4. 答案 d 【解析】 主旨大意题. 根据文章最后一句 now i try to treat everyone with respect, no matter who i think they are, and no matter another human being with kindness and sincerity.可知,作者想要 表达的是不要以貌取人.由此判断选 d 项. 阅读理解。while jennifer was at home taking an online exam for her business law class, a monitor(监控器)a few hundred miles away was watching her every move.using a web camera equipped in jennifers los angeles apartment, the monitor in phoenix tracked how frequently her eyes moved from the computer screen and listened for the secret sounds of a possible helper in the room. her internet access was lockedremotelyto prevent internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past? or was she slowing down?in the battle against cheating, this is the cutting_edge and a key to encourage honesty in the booming field of online education. the technology gives trust to the entire system, to the institution and to online education in general. only with solid measures against cheating, experts say, can internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are validthat students havent just searched the internet to get the right answers. although online classes have existed for more than a decade，the concern over cheating has become sharper in the last year with the growth of “open online courses.” private colleges，public universities and corporations are jumping into the online education field, spending millions of dollars to attract potential students，while also taking steps to help guarantee honesty at a distance.aside from the web cameras, a number of other hightech methods are becoming increasingly popular. among them are programs that check students identities using personal information，such as the telephone numbers they once used. other programs can produce unique exams by drawing on a large list of questions and can recognize possible cheaters by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones. as in many university classes，term papers are scanned against some large internet data banks for cheating.41why was jennifer watched in an online exam?ato correct her typing mistakes.bto find her secrets in the room.cto prevent her from slowing down.dto keep her from dishonest behaviors.42the underlined expression cutting edge in paragraph 3 is closest in meaning to _aadvanced techniquebsharpening tool ceffective ruleddividing line 43for internet universities, exams and diplomas will be valid if _athey can attract potential studentsbthey can defeat academic cheatingcthey offer students online helpdthey offer many online courses44some programs can find out possible cheaters by _achecking the question answering speed bproducing a large number of questions cscanning the internet test questions dgiving difficult test questions45which of the following is the best title of this passage?athe advantages of online examsbthe hightech methods in online coursescthe fight against cheating in online educationdthe war against the booming of online education【要点综述】 开放网络教学为人们的知识升级打开了便捷之门，如何保证其教育和学习的质量，防止考试时作弊，现在科技手段在发挥着重要的作用41d推理判断题。第二段告诉我们监控的目的：“her internet access was lockedremotelyto prevent internet searches, and her typing style was analyzed to make sure she was who she said she was: did she enter her student number at the same speed as she had in the past？”这些措施都是为了监督其考试中不发生不诚实的行为。该题也可结合常识确定答案。42a 词义理解题。从上文的描述及下文的“a key”，“the technology”可以看出，这是一个先进的技术，是确保网络考试真实的关键。43b 细节理解题。关键信息：valid。由第三段的“internet universities show that their exams and diplomas are valid that students havent just searched the internet to get the right answers.”可知答案。破折号后的内容指的就是选项中所说的：defeat academic cheating。44a 细节理解题。由最后一段的“by analyzing whether difficult test questions are answered at the same speed as easy ones.”可以看出一些软件是通过设置部分难题，通过对答题速度的检测来判断考试者是否在作弊。45c主旨大意题。文章论述的是为了提高开放网络教学的可信度所使用的高科技监考手段，由此可知c项最能概括全文。【浙江省2014高考英语模拟冲刺卷】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。in the countries of south and southeast asia, the elephant has been an important part of the culture, economy and religion for centuriesand nowhere more so than in thailandunlike its african cousin, the asian elephant is easily domesticated（驯化）the rare so-called white elephants have actually lent the power of royalty to its rulers，and until the 1920s the national flag was a white elephant on a red backgroundto the early western visitors, the countrys romantic name was“ land of the white elephanttoday, however, the story is very differentout of work and out of land, the thai elephant struggles for survival in a nation that no longer needs itthe elephant has found itself more or less deserted by previous owners who have moved on to a different economic world and a society in the western partand while the elephants problems began many years ago, now it has a very low national advantagehow does the national symbol turn into ignored animals? it is a story of worse environment and the changing lives of the thais themselvesaccording to richard lair, thailands expert on the asian elephant and author of the report gone astray, at the turn of the last century, there may well have been as many as 100,000 national elephants in the countryin the north of thailand alone, it was estimated（估计）that more than 20,000 elephants were employed in transport, 1,000 of them alone on the road between the cities of chiang mai and chiang saen this was at a time when 90 percent of thailand was still forest-a habitat that not only supported the animals but also made them necessary to carry goods and peoplenothing ploughs through thick forest better than lots of sure-footed elephantsby 1950 the elephant population had dropped, but still to the number of 13, 397however, today there are probably no more than 3,800, with another l,350 wandering free in the national parksbut now, thailands forest covers only 20 percent of the landthis deforestation（采伐森林）is the central point of the elephants difficult situation, for it has effectively put the animals out of workthis century, as the road network grew, the elephants role as a beast of burden decreased50what can we know about african elephants from the passage?ait is of little value to domesticate thembit is hard to domesticate themcthey are living a better life than asian elephantsdtheir fate is quite similar to that of asian elephants51thailand was once called land of the white elephant because _awhite elephant was a national symbol until the 1920s bwhite elephant is rarely seen and thus very specialcwhite elephant has helped kings to gain the ruling authoritydthis name was so romantic that it was popular among visitors52why is the thai elephant out of work, according to the author?abecause there are too many elephants but too few jobsbbecause the elephants cant do labor work any longercbecause the government pays little attention to the problemdbecause the elephants are no longer useful to their owners53which of the following statements is true about the elephant population at various times?athere were 100,000 domesticated elephants at the turn of the last centuryb20,000 elephants were employed in transport in thailand at the turn of the centurycby 1950 the elephant population in thailand has been quite smalldtoday the elephant population is estimated at 5,150 54the passage is most probably from _aa travel guide ba history bookca popular science magazine dan official announcement50. b 从第一段第二行unlike its african cousin, the asian elephant is easily domesticated可知51. a 从第一段第三行the rare so-called white elephants have actually lent the power of royalty to its rulers，and until the 1920s the national flag was a white elephant on a red background可知。52. d 从第二段第二句out of work and out of land, the thai elephant struggles for survival in a nation that no longer needs it可知。53. d 从最后一段最二句however, today there are probably no more than 3,800, with another l,350 wandering free in the national parks可知。54. c 通读全文可知。阅读理解。 the baby is just one day old and has not yet left hospital. she is quiet but alert(警觉). twenty centimeters from her face researchers have placed a white card with two black spots on it.she stares at it carefully. a researcher removes the card and replaces it by another, this time with the spots differently spaced. as the cards change from one to the other，her gaze(凝视) starts to lose its focusuntil a third, with three black spots, is presented. her gaze returns：she looks at it for twice as long as she did at the previous card. can she tell that the number two is different from three, just 24 hours after coming into the world?or do newborns simply prefer more to fewer? the same experiment，but with three spots shown before two, shows the same return of interest when the number of spots changes.perhaps it is just the newness? when slightly older babies were shown cards with pictures of objects(a comb，a key，an orange and so on)，changing the number of objects had an effect separate from changing the objects themselves.could it be the pattern that two things make，as opposed to three? no again.babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two. the effect even crosses between senses.babies who were repeatedly shown two spots became more excited when they then heard three drumbeats than when they heard just two; likewise(同样地) when the researchers started with drumbeats and moved to spots.60the experiment described in paragraph 1 is related to the babys_asense of hearingbsense of sightcsense of touchdsense of smell61babies are sensitive to the change in _athe size of cardsbthe colour of picturescthe shape of patternsdthe number of objects62why did the researchers test the babies with drumbeats?ato reduce the difficulty of the experiment.bto see how babies recognize sounds.cto carry their experiment further.dto keep the babies interest.63where does this text probably come from?ascience fiction.bchildrens literature.can advertisement.da science report.【要点综述】 本文是一篇说明文。通过变化纸上的黑点及鼓的敲打次数对婴儿的视觉、听觉进行实验。60b推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的“she stares at it carefully.”可知，本段是对孩子的视觉进行实验。故选b。61d事实细节题。根据文章第二段中的“babies paid more attention to squares moving randomly on a screen when their number changed from two to three, or three to two.”可知d正确。62c推理判断题。文章第一段描述对孩子的视力进行实验，接下来用鼓来对孩子的听力继续实验。所以选c。63d推理判断题。纵观文章，这是一篇医学实验报告，所以选d。【2014高考英语陕西省一模联考试题】（共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从下框af选项中选出能概括每段主题的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。a. how inner beliefs can helpb. why are habits so important c. how to develop positive habits d. improve your life e. you can do it f. action plan the single most important factor that contributes to success is what you do every single day. it is as simple as that. your habits will determine whether you are successful or not. if you have strong and healthy positive habits, it does not matter whether or not you fail today because you are guaranteed to succeed in the long run. 61. _because you repeat the same actions and the same behaviors every single day, a single positive action will not change your life, but the same action repeated 1,000 times will have a significant impact on your life. for example, if you go to the gym one time, you wont see a big difference in your life. however, if you go to the gym 1,000 times over a five year period, you will see a big difference in your body. the same principle applies to finance, health, relationships, work, career, and school. simple positive actions repeated every single day will have a great impact on your life in the long run.62. _theres nothing easier than developing positive habits. you simply have to do every single day the action you want to make a habit. if you want to develop the habit of running, run almost every day. if you want to develop the habit of eating healthy, eat healthy every day. if you want to develop the habit of reading, read every day. habits are created by repetition. the more you do an action, the easier it becomes in the long run.63._ if you want to be successful in changing your habits, you should think about changing your inner beliefs about your habits. for example, your old belief was: “i love cigarette because it makes me feel good and relaxed. i need cigarette to be happy and relaxed.” if you keep this belief, you wont be able to keep your resolution to stop smoking for very long. instead, you should adopt this new belief: “i love yoga because it makes me feel good and relaxed. cigarette is poisonous and destroys my body. yoga makes me happy.” you should analyze your beliefs and make sure they wont stop you from changing your habits. the same is true when you try to form positive habits. if you want to start eating healthy food, here are some positive beliefs you should start thinking about: “healthy food is very good for my health. it gives me a lot of energy and i feel very good.”64. _ its now time for you to develop positive habits in your life and avoid your negative habits. write down 3 positive habits that you would like to develop and 3 negative habits that you would like to get rid of. for each positive habit, write down exactly what actions youre going to take every single day in order to develop the new habit. for each negative habit, write down exactly what actions youre not going to take in the next weeks. here are some positive habits that will lead to success: exercise, healthy food, reading, saving, studying, healthy relationships, hard work, etc. here are some negative habits to get rid of: gambling, drug and alcohol abuse, overeating, shyness, etc.65. _ everybody can change. all it takes is courage and commitment. decide right now to improve your life by changing your habits. take action right now! dont be afraid. yes, you will probably make mistakes along the way. but never forget that success is guaranteed for you if you have positive habits in your life. if you refuse