湖南省张家界市高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练（13）.doc

湖南省张家界市2016高考英语阅读理解和信息匹配一轮自练（13）阅读理解。l1pitorabout lipitor lipitor is a prescription medicinealong with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad” cholesterol(胆固醇)in your bloodit can also raise “good cholesterol. lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.who is lipitor for?who can take lipitor：people who cannot lower their cholesterol enough with diet and exercise adults and children over l0 who should not take lipitor：women who are pregnant，may be pregnant，or may become pregnant. lipitor may harm your unborn baby.women who are breast-feedinglipitor can pass into your breast milk and may harm your baby. people with liver(肝脏)problems possible side effects of lipitor serious side effects in a small number of people：muscle(肌肉)problems that can lead to kidney(肾脏)problems，including kidney failureliver problemsyour doctor may do blood tests to check your liver before you start lipitor and while you are taking itcall your doctor right away if you have：unexplained muscle pain or weakness，especially if you have a fever or feel very firedswelling of the face，lips，tongue，andor throat that may cause difficulty in breathing or swallowing stomach pain some common side effects of lipitor are： muscle pain upset stomach changes in some blood tests how to take lipitor do：take lipitor as prescribed by your doctor.try to eat heart-healthy foods while you take lipitor.take lipitor at any time of day, with or without food.if you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.but if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，waittake the next dose at your regular time.dont：do not change or stop your dose before talking to your doctor.do not start new medicines before talking to your doctor.( ) 1. what is a major function of lipitor?a. to help quit smoking. b. to control blood pressure.c. to improve unhealthy diet. d. to lower bad cholesterol.( ) 2. taking lipitor is helpful for .a. breast-feeding women b. women who are pregnantc. adults having heart disease d. teenagers with liver problems( ) 3. if it has been over 12 hours since you missed a dose, you should a. change the amount of your next dose b. eat more when taking your next dosec. have a dose as soon as you remember d. take the next dose at your regular time( ) 4. which of the following is a common side effect of taking lipitor?a. face swelling. b. upset stomach.c. kidney failure. d. muscle weakness. ( ) 5. what is the main purpose of the passage?a. to teach patients ways for quick recovery. b. to present a report on a scientific research.c. to show the importance of a good lifestyle.d. to give information about a kind of medicine. 本文为药品说明，主要介绍了药品lipitor的作用、适用人群、副作用及服药的相关注意事项。1. 答案：d考点：细节理解解析：根据 “along with diet and exercise，it lowers “bad，cholesterol(胆固醇)in your bloodit can also raise “good cholesterol.”可以推断出答案。2. 答案：c考点：细节理解解析：根据 “lipitor can lower the risk of heart attack in patients with several common risk factors，including family history of early heart disease，high blood pressure，age and smoking.”和 “adults and children over l0”可以判断选c3. 答案：d考点：细节理解解析：根据 “if you miss a dose(一剂)，take it as soon as you remember.but if it has been more than 12 hours since your missed dose，waittake the next dose at your regular time.”可以得出答案4. 答案：b考点：细节理解解析：根据 “some common side effects of lipitor are：muscle pain, upset stomach, changes in some blood tests” 可以得出答案5. 答案：d考点：推理判断题解析：文章先总体介绍药品lipitor的作用，接着介绍药品的适用人群及不适用人群，然后介绍药品的副作用，最后介绍服药的注意事项，由此可以判断选d项。阅读理解。mark twain has been called the inventor of the american novel.and he surely deserves additional praise：the man who popularized the clever literary attack on racism.i say clever because antislavery fiction had been the important part of the literature in the years before the civil war.h.b.stowes uncle toms cabin is only the most famous example.these early stories dealt directly with slavery.with minor exceptions, twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.he drew his readers into the argument by drawing them into the story.again and again，in the postwar years，twain seemed forced to deal with the challenge of race.consider the most controversial, at least today, of twains novels, adventures of huckleberry finn.only a few books have been kicked off the shelves as often as huckleberry finn，twains most widely read tale.once upon a time, people hated the book because it struck them as rude. twain himself wrote that those who banned the book considered the novel “trash and suitable only for the slums(贫民窟)”more recently the book has been attacked because of the character jim，the escaped slave，and many occurences of the word nigger.(the term nigger jim，for which the novel is often severely criticized，never appears in it.)but the attacks were and are sillyand miss the point.the novel is strongly antislavery.jims search through the slave states for the family from whom he has been forcibly parted is heroic.as jchadwick has pointed out, the character of jim was a first in american fictiona recognition that the slave had two personalities, “the voice of survival within a white slave culture and the voice of the individual：jim, the father and the man.”there is much more.twains mystery novel puddnhead wilson stood as a challenge to the racial beliefs of even many of the liberals of his day.written at a time when the accepted wisdom held negroes to be inferior(低等的)to whites，especially in intelligence，twains tale centered in part around two babies switched at birth.a slave gave birth to her masters baby and，for fear that the child should be sold south, switched him for the masters baby by his wife.the slaves lightskinned child was taken to be white and grew up with both the attitudes and the education of the slaveholding class.the masters wifes baby was taken for black and grew up with the attitudes and intonations of the slave.the point was difficult to miss：nurture(养育)，not nature，was the key to social status.the features of the black man that provided the stuff of prejudicemanner of speech，for examplewere, to twain, indicative of nothing other than the conditioning that slavery forced on its victims.twains racial tone was not perfect.one is left uneasy，for example，by the lengthy passage in his autobiography(自传)about how much he loved what were called “nigger shows” in his youthmostly with white men performing in blackfaceand his delight in getting his mother to laugh at them.yet there is no reason to think twain saw the shows as representing reality.his frequent attacks on slavery and prejudice suggest his keen awareness that they did not.was twain a racist？asking the question in the 21st century is as wise as asking the same of lincoln.if we read the words and attitudes of the past through the “wisdom” of the considered moral judgments of the present，we will find nothing but error.lincoln，who believed the black man the inferior of the white, fought and won a war to free him.and twain, raised in a slave state, briefly a soldier，and inventor of jim，may have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice and awaken its collective conscience than any other novelist in the past century.65how do twains novels on slavery differ from stowes?atwain was more willing to deal with racism.btwains attack on racism was much less open.ctwains themes seemed to agree with plots.dtwain was openly concerned with racism.66recent criticism of adventures of huckleberry finn arose partly from its _atarget readers at the bottombantislavery attitudecrather impolite languagedfrequent use of “nigger”67what best proves twains antislavery stand according to the author?ajims search for his family was described in detail.bthe slaves voice was first heard in american novels.cjim grew up into a man and a father in the white culture.dtwain suspected that the slaves were less intelligent.68the story of two babies switched mainly indicates that _aslaves were forced to give up their babies to their mastersbslaves babies could pick up slaveholders way of speakingcblacks social position was shaped by how they were brought updblacks were born with certain features of prejudice69what does the underlined word “they” in paragraph 7 refer to?athe attacks.bslavery and prejudice.cwhite men.dthe shows.70what does the author mainly argue for?atwain had done more than his contemporary writers to attack racism.btwain was an admirable figure comparable to abraham lincoln.ctwains works had been banned on unreasonable grounds.dtwains works should be read from a historical point of view.【要点综述】 本篇为说明文，谈到马克吐温的小说是否对奴隶制和偏见进行了反抗，以及它受到不同人士的批评情况。65b推理判断题。由第二段的“twain planted his attacks on slavery and prejudice into tales that were on the surface about something else entirely.”可知，马克吐温把对奴隶制和偏见的攻击融在故事中，隐晦地表达。而早期小说是直接攻击方式(dealt directly with slavery)，因此b项说他的小说对种族主义制度的攻击非常不明显是恰当的。a项文章没有提及；c项与题干无关，答非所问；d项文章没有提及。66d推理判断题。根据关键词adventures of huckleberry finn定位到第三段。由“more recently the book has been attacked because of many occurences of the word nigger.”可知答案。a项中的target readers错误，文章没有说到；b项不符合文意；c项中的impolite language范围过广，文章只是说到批评者对nigger一词的出现感到不满。67c细节理解题。由第四段的末句“the character of jim was a first in american fictiona recognition that the slave had two personalities”可知答案。a项中的in detail文章没有提及；b项中的the slaves voice与文章的the character of jim不一致；d项文章没有提及。68c推理判断题。由第六段可知，举这个例子是为了说明奴隶的社会地位是由生活环境决定的，而不是人的自然本性。69d词义猜测题。由画线词所在句的前面一句可知：没有理由认为马克吐温把这些表演当作表现现实，后句紧接着解释：马克吐温对奴隶制和偏见的不断攻击说明了他敏锐的意识，而这些是shows所没有表达出来的，可见they应该就是指代shows。70a作者意图题。末段首先提出一个疑问，然后通过论据否定了这个观点，最后总结了一下自己的观点：and twainmay have done more to anger the nation over racial injustice than any other novelist in the past century，可见作者要反驳的是末段首句所表达的疑问，只有a项符合，其他各项只是对具体例子的说明。【四川省资阳市2014模拟】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 smartwr pens is your no. 1 source for promotional pens, advertising pens, and logo (商标) pens. we have been in business since 1976, so you can be confident that youre dealing with a trusted name in the industry. everyone loves a free pen, and by providing your customers with a pen featuring your company name, logo, or message, you can be sure that your company name will always be on their mind! our custom imprinting service comes at no extra charge, so the price you see is the price you pay for the personalized pens. do you need pens fast? in a rush for trade shows or a company events? try our 48 hour promotional pens rush service free of charge. we present you with many styles and types of printed pen. let us know which promotional pen you like and within 48 hours you will have the pens. want to use the traditional method of promotional pens to reach out to customers, but dont want to cause more damage to the environment? smartwr pens now offers eco-friendly advertising pens to suit any companys promotional needs. smartwr pens can confidently offer products which are made from eco-friendly materials, including paper, cardboard, cornstarch, pine, bamboo and even recycled plastic water bottles. smartwr pens offers a selection of eco-friendly retractable and stick-type ballpoint pens, mechanical pencils and highlighters, all for less than $2.00 each. imprinting of logos and company information is available in sixteen different colors. each pen has the universal recycling symbol printed on it, showing clients the companys commitment to the environment.feel free to call us at 8447367 or email us infosmartwrpens.com if you have any questions.39. what do we know about smartwr pens?a. it has a history of over 30 years.b. it has built up a large pen market. c. it has its name printed on each pen.d. it charges a low price for extra service.40. what is mainly discussed in paragraph 3?a. the different types of the products.b. the high quality of the products.c. the quick service of smartwr pens.d. the trade shows of smartwr pens.41. what can we learn about smartwr pens from paragraph 4?a. they are designed in 16 styles.b. they come in 48 different colours.c. their material is less harmful to the earth.d. their price is much lower in the pen market.42. the main purpose of the passage is to _.a. persuade people to order the productsb. explain the process of making logo pensc. show people how to choose different pensd. introduce the different services of smartwr pens【参考答案】3940、ac4142、ca 【四川省资阳市2014模拟】阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 dear david,im glad you would like to share your feelings with me. its hardly surprising that your feelings of not being “grown up” have come on strongly at this point in your life, just before youre about to become a father. you are asking: will i make a good father? how will i cope? should i have brought another little person into the world? can i provide for it? heeelp! i think nearly every sensitive about-to-be-parent must have these occasional feelings of self-doubt and inadequacy (不适) before the birth and it would be most unusual if you didnt share them.its difficult, honestly, to feel grown-up unless you have something less grown-up to relate to. a hen-pecked (惧内的) boss may feel like a seven-year-old when hes at home. but as he walks through the office door, and knows hes going to be surrounded by staff looking to him for advice, he grows into a fully mature man. and i think its a mistake to imagine that we all feel, as we age, a kind of progression of states, from the baby to the adult. most people feel, on tuesday, about three years old, and on a wednesday, around 80. i remember feeling very grown-up at eight, a time when i was weighed down with responsibility. these days, much older, i can, in the company of people i feel at ease with, feel like a young girl.theres a common remark that “all men are little boys”, but its not true. its more true that men often behave like little boys. but nearly all people, at some moments in their lives, are capable of great maturity.once your baby arrives, youll soon feel less childlike, or rather, less often. when your child tries to put its fingers into the electric plug, the adult in you will rise up to prevent it. youll see you have very little in common with a needy child, particularly if its looking to you for comfort and support.comfort yourself, david, with two truths. one is that your friends laugh when they talk about this subject because they, like you, feel frightened. and remember that people who havent grown up dont go around talking about the fact that they dont feel grown-up.hope my advice will be helpful and good luck to you and your little one.sincerely yours,miss advice43. according to the passage, miss advice thinks davids self-doubt _.a. valuableb. naturalc. unusuald. bearable44. from paragraph 2, we can learn that peoples sense of maturity _.a. will increase with ageb. is obviously seen at homec. changes with different situationsd. becomes stronger with familiar people45. miss advice holds that _.a. all men behave like little boysb. people tend to laugh at the subjectc. men with a baby feel more grown-upd. people enjoy talking about their immaturity46. miss advice wrote the letter to _.a. teach people how to grow upb. offer suggestions to a future fatherc. encourage people to be responsibled. solve problems of the less grown-up【参考答案】4345、bcc46、b阅读理解。almost every machine with moving parts has wheels, yet no one knows exactly when the first wheel was invented or what it was used for.we do know，however，that they existed over 5，500 years ago in ancient asia.the oldest known transport wheel was discovered in 2002 in slovenia.it is over 5，100 years old.evidence suggests that wheels for transport didnt become popular for a while, though.this could be because animals did a perfectly good job of carrying farming tools and humans around.but it could also be because of a difficult situation.while wheels need to roll on smooth surfaces, roads with smooth surfaces werent going to be constructed until there was plenty of demand for them.eventually，road surfaces did become smoother, but this difficult situation appeared again a few centuries later.there had been no important changes in wheel and vehicle design before the arrival of modern road design.in the mid1700s，a frenchman came up with a new design of roada base layer (层)of large stones covered with a thin layer of smaller stones.a scotsman improved on this design in the 1820s and a strong，lasting road surface became a reality.at around the same time，metal hubs(the central part of a wheel) came into being，followed by the pneumatic tyre(充气轮胎) in 1846. alloy wheels were invented in 1967, sixty years after the appearance of tarmacked roads(柏油路)as wheel design took off, vehicles got faster and faster.64what might explain why transport wheels didnt become popular for some time?afew knew how to use transport wheels.bhumans carried farming tools just as well.canimals were a good means of transport.dthe existence of transport wheels was not known.65what do we know about road design from the passage?ait was easier than wheel design.bit improved after big changes in vehicle design.cit was promoted by fastmoving vehicles.dit provided conditions for wheel design to develop.66how is the last paragraph mainly developed?aby giving examples.bby making comparisons.cby f